Abstract: A method for increasing the thermal conductivity of a fuser member for use in electrostatographic, including digital, apparatuses, by orienting anisotropic fillers in an elastomer layer in a manner wherein heat transfer is maximized in a radial or tangential direction of the fuser member. The fuser member may also contain other optional fillers and optional fluorocarbon powder fillers.

Abstract: A heated fuser member for use in electrostatographic, including digital, apparatuses, having an elastomer layer, anisotropic fillers, and optional fluorocarbon powder fillers, and the anisotropic filler is oriented in the elastomer layer so as to maximize heat transfer.

Abstract: A thermally stabilized silicone liquid composition and a toner fusing system using the thermally stabilized silicone liquid composition as a release agent are described, wherein the thermally stabilized silicone liquid composition is composed of a silicone liquid and a thermal stabilizer composition including a reaction product from at least a polyorganosiloxane and a platinum metal compound such as a ruthenium compound, excluding platinum.

Abstract: There is disclosed a polymer nanocomposite including a mica-type layered silicate and a fluoroelastomer, wherein the nanocomposite has a structure selected from the group consisting of an exfoliated structure and an intercalated structure.

Abstract: A method of fusing and a fusing system are provided for a fusing member having a thermally stable FKM hydrofluoroelastomer surface for fusing thermoplastic resin toners which are susceptible to amines to a substrate in an electrostatographic printing apparatus with an amino functional oil having the formula: ##STR1## where 50.ltoreq.n.ltoreq.200, p is 1 to 5 and R.sub.1, R.sub.2 and R.sub.3 are selected from the group consisting of alkyl and arylalkyl radicals having 1 to 18 carbon atoms, R.sub.4 is selected from the group consisting of alkyl and arylalkyl radicals having 1 to 18 carbon atoms and a polyorganosiloxane chain having 1 to 100 diorganosiloxy repeat units, and R.sub.

Abstract: Crosslinked fluorocarbon elastomer surfaces comprised of a fluorocarbon elastomer and an amino siloxane and a method for providing a crosslinked fluorocarbon elastomer surface on a fuser member supporting substrate which includes mixing together an acid acceptor, an emulsifier, water, and amino siloxane with a latex fluorocarbon elastomer are provided.

Abstract: A hard, long wearing, thermally conductive fuser member comprising a base member and a surface layer wherein said surface layer includes a fluoroelastomer and an alumina filler having an average particle size of from about 0.5 to about 15 micrometers, said alumina being present in an amount to provide a thermal conductivity of at least about 0.24 watts/meter .degree.Kelvin in said surface layer.

Abstract: A polyorgano amino functional oil release agent having at least 85% monoamino functionality per active molecule to interacts with the thermally stable FRM hydrofluoroelastomer surface of a fuser member of an electrostatographic apparatus to provide an interfacial barrier layer to the toner and a low surface energy film to release the toner from the surface is introduced herein.

Abstract: A soft sleeveless long wearing pressure roll member having a cylindrical core, wherein the pressure roll has thereon, a nonswelling in silicone oil, layer of a thermally stable hydrofluoroelastomer having a Young's modulus of elasticity less than 500 lbs./in..sup.2, from about 250 mils. to about 500 mils. in thickness and a hardness of from about 45 to about 60 Shore A is provided.

Abstract: The method of fusing thermoplastic resin toner images to a substrate in a fuser including a heated thermally stable FKM hydrofluoroelastomer fusing surface at elevated temperature prepared in the absence of anchoring sites for a release agent of heavy metals, heavy metal oxides, or other heavy metal compounds forming a film of a fluid release agent on the elastomer surface of an amino functional oil having the formula: ##STR1## where 50.ltoreq.n.ltoreq.200, p is 1 to 5, and R.sub.1, R.sub.2 and R.sub.3 are alkyl or arylalkyl radicals having 1 to 18 carbon atoms, R.sub.4 is an alkyl or arylalkyl radicals having 1 to 18 carbon atoms and a polyorganosiloxane chain having 1 to 100 diorganosiloxy repeat units, and R.sub.

Abstract: A toner composition comprised of resin particles, pigment particles, and a tertiary amine hydrogen ammonium triflate charge enhancing additive.

Abstract: A fuser member and fuser system of a type wherein a polymeric release agent having functional groups supplied to the surface of the fuser member has an elastomer fusing surface comprising poly(vinylidenefluoride-hexafluoropropylene-tetrafluoroethylene) wherein the vinylidenefluoride is present in the amount less than 40 mole percent, a metal oxide is present in amounts sufficient to interact with the polymer release agent having functional groups to provide an interfacial barrier layer between the fusing surface and the toner and being substantially unreactive with the elastomer and wherein the elastomer is cured from a solvent solution thereof with a nucleophilic curing agent soluble in the solution and in the presence of less than 4 parts by weight of inorganic base per 100 parts by weight of polymer with the inorganic base being effective to at least partially dehydrofluorinate the vinylidenefluoride.

Abstract: A heat and pressure roll fusing apparatus for fixing toner images to copy substrates, the toner being made of a thermoplastic resin. The apparatus includes an internally heated fuser roll cooperating with a back-up or pressure roll to form a nip through which the copy substrates pass with the images contacting the heated roll. The heated fuser roll is characterized by an outer layer or surface which by way of example is fabricated from silicone rubber. Sheet removal or supporting member in the form of flexible finger structures are provided. The fingers contact the surface of the heated fuser roll and therefore are constructed so as to preclude damage to the soft fuser roll surface should they tend to gouge it. In operation the fingers are sufficiently flexible so that when a misstrip occurs they can be deflected out of contact with the fuser roll and partially rotated thereby. Each finger structure may have either a single finger or two fingers. The fingers are mounted for 360.degree.

Abstract: An internally heated fusing device is provided which is made of a base having a thermally conductive layer coated thereon. The thermally conductive layer is made of a plurality of thermally conductive fibers substantially coextensive with the thickness of that layer and being impregnated with an elastomer possessing adhesive properties.

Abstract: A method of depositing and affixing a layer of a copolymer of perfluoroalkyl perfluorovinyl ether and tetrafluoroethylene upon a metal surface and the article prepared thereby, is disclosed. A flame sprayed metal surface having an optional fluoropolymer primer thereon is powder coated with the copolymer of perfluoroalkyl perfluorovinyl ether and tetrafluoroethylene and the powder is fused thereon. An improved long life fuser member for use in a fusing apparatus for fixing toner images to copy sheets by the application of heat and pressure is described.

Abstract: Polyarylsiloxanes are used on metal fusing devices in photocopiers to fix particulate thermoplastic toner to a substrate while the toner is in a fused state. The polyarylsiloxanes can be continuously applied in minimal thicknesses on the fusing device to form a thermally stable, renewable, self-cleaning layer having excellent toner release properties. A preferred polyarylsiloxane is polyphenylmethyl dimethyl siloxane.

Abstract: Polyarylsiloxanes are used on fusing devices in photocopiers to fix particulate thermoplastic toner to a substrate while the toner is in a fused state. The polyarylsiloxanes can be continuously applied in minimal thicknesses on the fusing device to form a thermally stable, renewable, self-cleaning layer having excellent toner release properties. A preferred polyarylsiloxane is polyphenylmethyl dimethyl siloxane.

Abstract: Rolls, belts and other biasable members having controlled resistivity are described. The resistivity of the elastomeric resilient polyurethane coating on biasable members is controlled by ionic additives incorporated in the polyurethane. Biasable members having at least one layer or coating of a hydrophilic elastomeric polyurethane containing resistivity altering compounds or agents have substantially reduced resistivity changes with changes in relative humidity. The utility of such biasable members is in the transfer of xerographic images from a photoconductor to a final support sheet where the member, for example, a bias transfer roll, electrically cooperates with a photoconductor to establish a directional force field therebetween.

Abstract: Rolls, belts and other biasable members having minimal sensitivity to relative humidity changes are described. Biasable members having at least one layer or coating of a hydrophobic elastomeric polyurethane change little in resistivity when changes in relative humidity occur. The utility of such biasable members is in the transfer of xerographic images from a photoconductor to a final support sheet where the member, for example, a bias transfer roll, electrically cooperates with a photoconductor to establish a directional force field therebetween.