Abstract: Methods of preventing or retarding or reversing or abolishing the onset of Parkinson's and other neurodegenerative diseases are discussed.

Abstract: Methods of preventing or retarding or reversing or abolishing the onset of Parkinson's and other neurodegenerative diseases are discussed.

Abstract: This disclosure relates to deuterated bile acid compositions. A deuterated compound is selected from the bile acids such as ursodeoxycholic acid (UDCA) and tauroursodeoxycholic acid (TUDCA), and their derivatives, analogs and salts. At least one of the hydrogen atoms in the compound is replaced with deuterium. Also disclosed are pharmaceutical compositions and methods of using the deuterated bile acids.

Abstract: This disclosure relates to deuterated bile acid compositions. A deuterated compound is selected from the disclosed groups of bile acids and their derivatives, analogs and salts. At least one of the hydrogen atoms in the compound is replaced with deuterium.

Abstract: This disclosure relates to deuterated bile acid compositions. A deuterated compound is selected from the disclosed groups of bile acids and their derivatives, analogs and salts. At least one of the hydrogen atoms in the compound is replaced with deuterium.

Abstract: Methods of reducing or abolishing neuropathic pain in humans and animals are discussed. In some examples administration of the apoptosis inhibitor tauroursodeoxycholic acid (TUDCA), greatly reduced both neuronal loss and the increase in glia, and partially reversed spinal nerve ligation (SNL)-induced mechanical hypersensitivity. Among RVM neurons, serotonergic (5-HT) neurons decreased by 35% ipsilateral to SNL. In some examples, the density of 5-HT immunoreactive varicosities in the superficial dorsal horn of the spinal cord was lower ipsilateral to SNL. The RVM 5-HT neurons that remained after SNL appeared to facilitate nociception. When rats that had undergone SNL were treated with the 5-HT neurotoxin, 5,7-dihydroxytryptamine (5,7-DHT), mechanical withdrawal thresholds increased significantly. In some examples nerve injury induces death of antinociceptive RVM neurons which can be reduced or abolished by TUDCA.

Abstract: This disclosure relates to deuterated bile acid compositions. A deuterated compound is selected from the disclosed groups of bile acids and their derivatives, analogs and salts. At least one of the hydrogen atoms in the compound is replaced with deuterium.

Abstract: A method of treating or preventing kidney injury includes administering to a patient an effective amount of bile acid, a salt thereof, an analog thereof, or a combination thereof. Methods of preventing or retarding, reversing or abolishing the onset of kidney injuries are discussed. This is achieved through the administration of a bile acid, a salt of the bile acid, an analog of the bile acid or any combinations of these compounds. The bile acid abolishes or interferes or down-regulates metabolic pathways leading to the onset of kidney injury. The bile acid also activates metabolic pathways leading to the slowing or reversing or complete abolishment of the progression of acute kidney injury.

Abstract: This disclosure relates to deuterated bile acid compositions. A deuterated compound is selected from the disclosed groups of bile acids and their derivatives, analogs and salts. At least one of the hydrogen atoms in the compound is replaced with deuterium.

Abstract: Methods of reducing or abolishing neuropathic pain in humans and animals are discussed. In some examples administration of the apoptosis inhibitor taurours-odeoxycholic acid (TUDCA), greatly reduced both neuronal loss and the increase in glia, and partially reversed spinal nerve ligation (SNL)-induced mechanical hypersensitivity. Among RVM neurons, serotonergic (5-HT) neurons decreased by 35% ipsilateral to SNL. In some examples, the density of 5-HT immunoreactive varicosities in the superficial dorsal horn of the spinal cord was lower ipsilateral to SNL. The RVM 5-HT neurons that remained after SNL appeared to facilitate nociception. When rats that had undergone SNL were treated with the 5-HT neurotoxin, 5,7-dihydroxytryptamine (5,7-DHT), mechanical withdrawal thresholds increased significantly. In some examples nerve injury induces death of antinociceptive RVM neurons which can be reduced or abolished by TUDCA.

Abstract: Methods for promoting viability of a transplant cell population by administering a hydrophilic bile acid, such as ursodeoxycholic acid (UDCA), salts thereof, and analogs thereof (e.g., glycoursodeoxycholic acid and tauroursodeoxycholic acid).

Abstract: Methods for treating injuries of the nervous system associated with hermorrhage by administering a hydrophilic bile acid, such as ursodeoxycholic acid (UDCA), salts thereof, and analogs thereof (e.g., glyco-, tauro-ursodeoxycholic acid, and other conjugated derivative).