Abstract: A bulk materials transportation system having a plurality of carriages pivotally coupled endwise to form an endless chain of carriages, a rail track for guiding the carriages from a mine stockpile to a port stockpile, and a plurality of drive mechanisms located along the length of the rail track arranged for propelling the carriages. The rail track and the endless chain of carriages are substantially the same length. The drive mechanism is stationary with respect to the rail track. The carriages each have a coupling capable of allowing limited relative movement (including slack) with respect to endwise adjacent carriages to allow limited endwise movement between adjacent carriages to facilitate starting of the chain of carriages from a stationary condition.

Abstract: A trench leaching system including a tank containing a charge of ore flooded with a liquid solvent up to the level of a gutter. A pump recirculates the solvent upwardly through the charge of ore via a sparging array for dissolving minerals which are reclaimed through a series of cyclones and stripped out of the pregnant solvent by a carbon column. The rate and pressure of the solvent flowing through the sparging array upwardly though the of ore are kept below the amount that would fluidise the ore and at an amount that produces channels which follow random paths that vary with time through the ore, wherein particles of ore in the channels are agitated by the solvent and wherein particles of ore outside the channels are maintained substantially static and in contact with the liquid solvent. Such a system can process low grade ore at low operating and capital costs.