Abstract: The invention provides a pharmaceutical composition that can be used for an efficient administration of a water-soluble polymer drug by a method other than injection, and a method for production of the pharmaceutical composition. The pharmaceutical composition contains a small particle comprised of (a) a water-soluble drug and (b) a pharmaceutically acceptable ionic crystalline compound which is solid at room temperature, wherein the ionic crystalline compound is crystallized in the small particle.

Abstract: The invention provides a pharmaceutical composition that can be used for efficient administration of low-molecular weight drugs and polymeric compounds such as peptides and proteins by methods other than injection, as well as a method for producing the composition. The pharmaceutical composition is for transmucosal administration and comprises (a) a drug having a positive or negative charge at a predetermined pH, (b) a pharmaceutically acceptable small particle and (c) a pharmaceutically acceptable surface-coating polymer capable of being electrically charged at the pH, wherein the surface of the small particle is coated by the surface-coating polymer, the drug is immobilized on the surface of the small particle via the surface-coating polymer, and a complex is formed by a noncovalent interaction between the small particle and the surface-coating polymer and a concurrent electrostatic interaction between the surface-coating polymer and the drug.

Abstract: An apparatus for comminuting waste material such as waste plastic sheet material, into progressively smaller pieces until a desired size is reached that may be recycled. The apparatus has a set of slowly rotating, intermeshing scissor rolls for receiving the waste material and shearing the material into smaller pieces. A paddle wheel conveyor receives the smaller pieces from the scissor rolls and moves the smaller pieces over a screen with the undersized smaller pieces passing through the screen defining the desired reduced size. The oversized smaller pieces that do not pass through the screen are reprocessed back to the scissor rolls by the paddle wheel conveyor. A vacuum pump draws air through the apparatus and the screen to facilitate the separation on the screen and entrains the undersized pieces in an air stream to convey the pieces from the apparatus.