Abstract: An electronic or electrical device or component thereof having a coating formed thereon by exposing said electronic or electrical device or component thereof to a plasma comprising one or more monomer compounds for a sufficient period of time to allow a protective polymeric coating to form on a surface thereof; wherein the protective polymeric coating forms a physical barrier over a surface of the electronic or electrical device or component thereof; wherein each monomer is a compound of formula I(a): or a compound of formula I(b)

Abstract: The present invention provides an electronic or electrical device or component thereof comprising a cross-linked polymeric coating on a surface of the electronic or electrical device or component thereof; wherein the cross-linked polymeric coating is obtainable by exposing the electronic or electrical device or component thereof to a plasma comprising a monomer compound and a crosslinking reagent for a period of time sufficient to allow formation of the cross-linked polymeric coating on a surface thereof, wherein the monomer compound has the following formula: where R1, R2 and R4 are each independently selected from hydrogen, optionally substituted branched or straight chain C1-C6 alkyl or halo alkyl or aryl optionally substituted by halo, and R3 is selected from: where each X is independently selected from hydrogen, a halogen, optionally substituted branched or straight chain C1-C6 alkyl, halo alkyl or aryl optionally substituted by halo; and n1 is an integer from 1 to 27; and wherein the crosslinkin

Abstract: The present invention provides an electronic or electrical device or component thereof comprising a cross-linked polymeric coating on a surface of the electronic or electrical device or component thereof; wherein the cross-linked polymeric coating is obtainable by exposing the electronic or electrical device or component thereof to a plasma comprising a monomer compound and a crosslinking reagent for a period of time sufficient to allow formation of the cross-linked polymeric coating on a surface thereof, wherein the monomer compound has the following formula: where R1, R2 and R4 are each independently selected from hydrogen, optionally substituted branched or straight chain C1-C6 alkyl or halo alkyl or aryl optionally substituted by halo, and R3 is selected from: where each X is independently selected from hydrogen, a halogen, optionally substituted branched or straight chain C1-C6 alkyl, halo alkyl or aryl optionally substituted by halo; and n1 is an integer from 1 to 27; and wherein the crosslinki

Abstract: An electronic or electrical device or component thereof comprising a protective polymeric coating on a surface of the electronic or electrical device or component thereof, wherein the polymeric coating is obtainable by exposing the electronic or electrical device or component thereof to a plasma comprising one or more saturated monomer compounds for a sufficient period of time to allow the protective polymeric coating to form on a surface thereof; wherein the one or more saturated monomer compounds each have a melting point at standard pressure of less than 45?C and a boiling point at standard pressure of less than 500° C.

Abstract: The present invention provides an electronic or electrical device or component thereof comprising a cross-linked polymeric coating on a surface of the electronic or electrical device or component thereof; wherein the cross-linked polymeric coating is obtainable by exposing the electronic or electrical device or component thereof to a plasma comprising a monomer compound and a crosslinking reagent for a period of time sufficient to allow formation of the cross-linked polymeric coating on a surface thereof, wherein the monomer compound has the following formula: where R1, R2 and R4 are each independently selected from hydrogen, optionally substituted branched or straight chain C1-C6 alkyl or halo alkyl or aryl optionally substituted by halo, and R3 is selected from: where each X is independently selected from hydrogen, a halogen, optionally substituted branched or straight chain C1-C6 alkyl, halo alkyl or aryl optionally substituted by halo; and n1 is an integer from 1 to 27; and wherein the crosslinkin

Abstract: An electronic or electrical device or component thereof having a coating formed thereon by exposing said electronic or electrical device or component thereof to a plasma comprising one or more monomer compounds for a sufficient period of time to allow a protective polymeric coating to form on a surface thereof; wherein the protective polymeric coating forms a physical barrier over a surface of the electronic or electrical device or component thereof; wherein each monomer is a compound of formula I(a): or a compound of formula I(b) wherein each of R1 to R9 is independently selected from hydrogen or halogen or an optionally substituted C1-C6 branched or straight chain alkyl group; each X is independently selected from hydrogen or halogen; a is from 0-6; b is from 2 to 14; and c is 0 or 1; and wherein when each X is F or when at least one X is halogen, in particular F, the FTIR/ATR intensity ratio of CX3/C?O of the coating is less than (c+1)0.6e?0.

Abstract: The present invention provides an electronic or electrical device or component thereof comprising a cross-linked polymeric coating on a surface of the electronic or electrical device or component thereof; wherein the cross-linked polymeric coating is obtainable by exposing the electronic or electrical device or component thereof to a plasma comprising a monomer compound and a crosslinking reagent for a period of time sufficient to allow formation of the cross-linked polymeric coating on a surface thereof, wherein the monomer compound has the following formula: where R1, R2 and R4 are each independently selected from hydrogen, optionally substituted branched or straight chain C1-C6 alkyl or halo alkyl or aryl optionally substituted by halo, and R3 is selected from: where each X is independently selected from hydrogen, a halogen, optionally substituted branched or straight chain C1-C6 alkyl, halo alkyl or aryl optionally substituted by halo; and n1 is an integer from 1 to 27; and wherein the crosslinki

Abstract: The present invention provides an electronic or electrical device or component thereof comprising a cross-linked polymeric coating on a surface of the electronic or electrical device or component thereof; wherein the cross-linked polymeric coating is obtainable by exposing the electronic or electrical device or component thereof to a plasma comprising a monomer compound and a crosslinking reagent for a period of time sufficient to allow formation of the cross-linked polymeric coating on a surface thereof, wherein the monomer compound has the following formula: where R1, R2 and R4 are each independently selected from hydrogen, optionally substituted branched or straight chain C1-C6 alkyl or halo alkyl or aryl optionally substituted by halo, and R3 is selected from: or where each X is independently selected from hydrogen, a halogen, optionally substituted branched or straight chain C1-C6 alkyl, halo alkyl or aryl optionally substituted by halo; and n1 is an integer from to 27; and wherein the crosslinking reage

Abstract: A mixing device for mixing a gas and a liquid in an exhaust system has an injector for injecting the liquid, a shell, an inlet, an outlet and an exhaust gas flow path between the inlet and the outlet. The mixing device defines an axis, and the flow path has a first part, a second part and a third part. The first part extends generally parallel to the axis to direct a flow in a generally forward direction, the first part extending up to a first axial position. The second part extends generally parallel to the axis to direct flow in a generally reverse direction. The third part extends generally parallel to the axis to direct a flow in the generally forward direction. The third part is a volume that allows mixing and extends past the first axial position.

Abstract: An apparatus comprises an emissions trap and a transfer function device. The transfer function device is configured to determine a transfer function of the emissions trap wherein the transfer function is representative of loading of the emissions trap. An associated method is disclosed.

Abstract: An apparatus comprises parallel and coaxial first and second exhaust gas passageways, a fuel reformer positioned in the first exhaust gas passageway to generate partial combustion product (e.g., H2 and/or CO), and a component such as an emission abatement device or an internal combustion engine positioned to receive the partial combustion product from the first exhaust gas passageway and exhaust gas from the second exhaust gas passageway. An associated method is disclosed.

Abstract: An apparatus comprises an exhaust system and an injection system. The injection system is configured to vaporize a first liquid portion of an agent into at least one bubble so as to inject a second liquid portion of the agent into the exhaust system by use of the at least one bubble for delivery of the agent to an emission abatement device of the exhaust system. An associated method is disclosed.

Abstract: An apparatus comprises an emissions trap and a loading determination device. The emissions trap is configured to trap emissions present in exhaust gas and comprises a first local region and a second local region. The loading determination device is configured to determine emissions loading of the first local region and emissions loading of the second local region. An associated method is disclosed.

Abstract: An apparatus comprises an emission abatement device and a ratio oscillator. The emission abatement device comprises a NOx trap and a particulate trap. The ratio oscillator is configured to oscillate a ratio of the oxygen content and regenerative agent content of a flow advanced to the emission abatement device so as to alternately partially regenerate the NOx trap and the particulate trap for a plurality of cycles. An associated method is disclosed.

Abstract: An apparatus comprises an exhaust gas system and a piezoelectric device. The piezoelectric device is configured to inject an agent into the exhaust gas system for delivery to an emission abatement device of the exhaust gas system. An associated method is disclosed.

Abstract: An apparatus comprises parallel first and second exhaust gas passageways, a urea injection system, a hydrolysis catalyst, and an SCR catalyst. The urea injection system is configured to inject urea into the first exhaust gas passageway. The hydrolysis catalyst is positioned in the first exhaust gas passageway to generate ammonia at least partially from urea injected into the first exhaust gas passageway by the urea injection system. The SCR catalyst is positioned downstream to reduce NOx with the generated ammonia. An associated method is disclosed.