Abstract: Marine bypass systems and assemblies. In one embodiment, a bypass system includes a non-marine water supply injection assembly, a bypass solenoid valve, and a non-marine injector. In particular examples, the assembly comprises a heated non-marine water supply injection assembly and a non-heated, non-marine water supply injection assembly. The result is an improved device and method for enhancing the removal, and elimination, of marine growth from a marine vessel.

Abstract: An apparatus for gripping a down hole tubular includes a body element defining a central cavity along a longitudinal axis. Disposed within the body element is at least one engaging member. In one aspect, the engaging member has an upper gripping element and a lower gripping element. The gripping elements are designed to be movable with respect to one another. A rod is pivotally attached to the engaging member. The rod moves the engaging member radially inward or outward with respect to the longitudinal axis of the central cavity. In one embodiment, a slewing device is coupled to one end of the body element. The slewing device is moveable with respect to the body element along the longitudinal axis. The rod includes a first end and a second end. The first end is slidably and rotatably connected to the stewing device, such that the first end is radially moveable relative to the longitudinal axis as the stewing device is moved along the longitudinal axis from a first position to a second position.

Abstract: An apparatus for gripping a down hole tubular for support and rotation, or a string of such tubulars, includes a body element adapted to be rotated at high torques either by a top head drive or a rotary table of an earth drilling machine. Gripping elements are mounted in a central cavity of the body element, and each gripping element includes a lower gripping portion shaped to engage a tapered shoulder of a length of drill pipe to support the drill pipe and an upper gripping portion shaped to engage the tool joint of the drill pipe to rotate the drill pipe. First guides are secured between the body element and the lower gripping portions in the central cavity, and these first guides are oriented to approach one another toward a lower portion of the body element. Second guides are secured between the upper and lower gripping portions, and these second guides are oriented to approach one another at an acute angle with respect to the axis.

Abstract: An earth drilling machine of the type having a boom mounted adjacent a mast to move a tubular between a lower, horizontal boom position and an upper, vertical boom position also includes a lifter configured to move a length of downhole tubular between a lower lifter position aligned with a tubular storage device and an upper lifter position aligned with the lower boom position. An automatic sequencing system includes multiple position sensors responsive to the position of at least the boom, the lifter and a length of downhole tubular at selected positions. A sequencing system is responsive to the position sensors for automatically coordinating movement of the lifter and the boom to reduce or eliminate delays occasioned by tubular handling.

Abstract: A lifting device for down hole tubulars is used with an earth drilling machine of the type having a boom for moving a down hole tubular from a horizontal position at an intermediate level to a raised position aligned with a drilling axis, and a tubular holding device for holding a down hole tubular horizontally at a lower level, beneath the intermediate level. The lifting device includes first and second spaced, parallel tracks oriented to extend substantially from the lower level substantially to the upper level and first and second dolleys, each guided for movement along a respective one of the tracks and configured to retain the down hole tubular. The dolleys are moved between the lower and intermediate levels by an actuator which is connected to both of the dolleys by a mechanical linkage which includes tension members. This mechanical linkage positively synchronizes movement of the dolleys along the tracks to maintain the tubular horizontal as it is moved between the lower and intermediate levels.

Abstract: A feeding device for down hole tubulars includes a frame which defines a support surface. First and second stops are arranged to reciprocate in stop guides between an upper position, in which the stops interrupt movement of a tubular, and a lower position in which the stops allow movement of the tubular. The stop guides are moveable relative to one another to adjust the separation between the stops as appropriate for tubulars of different diameters. A tilting actuator arm cycles the stops between upper and lower positions to control the feeding of tubulars along the support surface.

Abstract: An apparatus for gripping a down hole tubular for rotation in a drilling machine includes a support member adapted for connection to the quill of the drilling machine. The support member supports three or more guides which converge toward one another in a selected direction. A clamping dog or engaging member is mounted to slide in each of the guides to move into engagement with a down hole tubular when positioned toward a first end of the guide and out of engagement with the down hole tubular when positioned toward a second end of the guide. A linkage interconnects the engaging members, and includes an acutating member exposed at an upper portion of the support member. This actuating member moves vertically along an axis between open and closed positions, which causes the engaging members to release or engage the tubular.

Abstract: An earth drilling machine includes a crown block assembly, a travelling block assembly and a drawworks. The drawworks includes a drum which rotates about a drum axis. The drum axis is oriented at right angles to a fast line plane defined by a fast line sheave included in the crown block assembly. In this way, the fleet angle between the drum and the fast line sheave is kept substantially equal to zero. Various sheave arrangements are described which combine proper selection of sheave pitch diameter, sheave axis angle, and sheave placement to ensure that the fleet angle of all of the sections of line extending between the crown block assembly and the travelling block assembly are reeved with a fleet angle exactly equal to zero. In this way line wear is reduced and the height, weight and windage of the mast are all minimized.

Abstract: A top head drive cooling system is provided for an earth drilling machine of the type having a mast, a top head drive assembly mounted for movement along the mast, a quill included in the top head drive assembly, and an electric motor for rotating the quill. This cooling system includes an air duct mounted to the mast and defining a slot extending along the mast. The slot is sealed by a pair of flexible resilient lips which bridge the slot, and a blower is situated at ground level to blow cooling air into the air duct. A conduit is provided on the top head drive assembly, and the conduit extends between the lips into the air duct and conducts air from the air duct to the electric motor. The portion of the conduit which extends into the air duct is preferably tapered at both ends in order to provide a sliding seal against the lips. A position measuring system is coupled to the conduit and is positioned within the air duct.

Abstract: A drilling machine includes a drilling substructure skid which defines two spaced parallel skid runners and a platform. The platform supports a draw works mounted on a draw works skid, and a pipe boom is mounted on a pipe boom skid sized to fit between the skid runners of the drilling substructure skid. The drilling substructure skid supports four legs which in turn support a drilling platform on which is mounted a lower mast section. The legs are pivotably mounted both at the platform and at the driling substructure skid and a pair of platform cylinders are provided to raise and lower the drilling platform. A pair of rigid, fixed length struts extend diagonally between the platform and the substructure skid away from the platform such that the struts do not extend under the platform and obstruct access to the region under the platform. Preferably, the pipe boom skid mounts a pipe boom as well as a boom linkage, a motor, and a hydraulic pump adapted to power the pipe boom linkage.

Abstract: A top head drive assembly for a drilling machine includes a wrench assembly used to make up and break out threaded connections. This wrench assembly is mounted for axial movement on rails of the top head drive assembly, and is positioned immediately under the quill. The top head drive assembly also includes a tubular support assembly which includes slip type inserts for supporting a string of down hole tubulars. This support assembly can be pivoted out of alignment with the drilling axis or can be locked in alignment with the drilling axis. A plurality of centering elements are mounted under the support assembly and are movable to center the upper end of a tubular for insertion into the tubular support assembly. Preferably, both the top head drive assembly load beam and the support beam of the support assembly are formed of box sections having converging side plates and internal diagonal brace plates which transmit downward forces on the beam into forces tending to cause the side plates to diverge.

Abstract: A top head drive assembly includes a tubular quill having a central passageway aligned with an axis. The quill is supported for rotation on a load beam included in the top head drive assembly such that the quill is movable along the axis through a range of travel sufficient to provide thread protection to the down hole tubulars during tubular handling operations. Splines drivingly connect the quill with a transmission such that the transmission is operative to rotate the quill throughout the range of travel of the quill along the axis. A blowout preventer valve is mounted in an upper part of the quill to move axially and rotationally with the quill in order to eliminate sliding or rotary seals between the blowout preventer valve and the drill string.

Abstract: A drilling machine includes a drilling substructure skid which defines two spaced parallel skid runners and a platform. The platform supports a draw works mounted on a draw works skid, and a pipe boom is mounted on a pipe boom skid sized to fit between the skid runners of the drilling substructure skid. The drilling substructure skid supports four legs which in turn support a drilling platform on which is mounted a lower mast section. The legs are pivotably mounted both at the platform and at the drilling substructure skid and a pair of platform cylinders are provided to raise and lower the drilling platform. A pair of rigid, fixed length struts extend diagonally between the platform and the substructure skid away from the platform such that the struts do not extend under the platform and obstruct access to the region under the platform. Preferably, the pipe boom skid mounts a pipe boom as well as a boom linkage, a motor, and a hydraulic pump adapted to power the pipe boom linkage.

Abstract: An elevator for drill pipe which includes at least two jaws for supporting a length of pipe and structure for maintaining the jaws in clamping engagement with the pipe. The structure includes linkage means coupled to the jaws for maintaining the jaws clamped to the pipe when the elevator and pipe are urged apart by gravity due to the weight of the pipe as when the pipe is raised or otherwise supported by the elevator. Additionally or alternatively, the elevator includes a pressure actuator assembly connected to the jaws for applying a positive force against the jaws for maintaining the jaws clamped to the pipe independent of the effect of gravity and, thus, independent of the orientation of the elevator.

Abstract: A self locking and unlocking elevator for use with drill pipe is disclosed which, in a specific embodiment, includes a cam body which defines two symmetrically positioned cam surfaces. Each of these cam surfaces serves to support the upper end of a respective jaw, the lower end of which is shaped to clamp and hold the box end of a length of drill pipe. A collar is disposed around the jaws and is mechanically interlocked with the jaws such that both the collar and the jaws are suspended from the cam body. A plate is positioned below the collar above the box end of a clamped length of drill pipe and is secured to the cam body so as to move between a lower position in which the collar and jaws hang from the cam body, and an upper position in which the jaws are supported via the collar and the plate by the box end of the clamped drill pipe.

Abstract: A downhole hammer drill for use with a dual concentric tube drill pipe string is characterized by the use of pressurized air from the annular passageway of the pipe string to operate the hammer. The exhaust air from the hammer is conducted to the periphery of the bit face of the hammer drill, across the bit face, and then through one or more openings in the central portion of the bit face. The exhaust air with entrained cuttings and hole water is then channeled through the drill and into the central passageway of the pipe string, through which it is removed from the drilling area. In a preferred embodiment an injection sub is provided in the drill string uphole of the drill and a drill body which substantially fills the bore annulus is used to throttle the flow of water down the borehole annulus to the bit face. In this embodiment a head of water is maintained in the borehole annulus and this water cascades down around the hammer drill to prevent cuttings and fines from moving up the bore annulus.

Abstract: An improved boom for a drill rig is described which includes two rotatably mounted clamps which are rotatable between a side loading position, to facilitate loading and unloading in the horizontal position, and a central position, in which a clamped tubular is aligned with the drilling axis when the boom is in the vertical position. An automatic hydraulic sequencing circuit is provided to automatically rotate the clamps into the side loading position whenever the boom is pivoted with a down-hole tubular positioned in the clamp. In this position, the clamped tubular is aligned with a safety plate mounted on the boom to prevent a clamped tubular from slipping from the clamps. A safety frame is formed between the tower of the drill rig and the vertical boom by a slidable bolt mounted on the tower and an annular receiving member mounted on the boom to receive the end of the bolt. This boom also includes an improved pivoting linkage which facilitates the transport of the rig.

Abstract: A drilling apparatus of the type including a platform, a pair of spaced, parallel, substantially vertical guide rails, and a power swivel which is guided along the guide rails is provided with a pair of space support surfaces positioned on the underside of the swivel. In addition, a pair of collapsible pedestals are mounted on the platform, each pedestal positioned under a respective support surface such that the swivel rests on the pedestals when lowered toward the platform. These pedestals are provided with a collapse strength chosen such that the pedestals collapse in a controlled, progressive manner, substantially without damage to the guide rails, in the event the swivel falls from at least a predetermined height. In this way both the platform and any drill string attached to the swivel are protected from excessive loads associated with abrupt deceleration of the swivel, and the incidence of string breakage due to such abrupt deceleration is at least substantially reduced.

Abstract: A drill rig having a drill rig mast and a transfer arm is described. The clamps of the transfer arm are resiliently mounted to the transfer arm so as to provide limited axial movement of the clamps and thereby of a clamped down hole tubular. This resilient support for the down hole tubular serves to reduce damage to the threaded ends of the tubular during tubular handling operations. In addition, the clamps of the transfer arm are provided with resilient clamping surfaces which serve to engage the clamped tubular frictionally, without gouging or deeply scratching the surface thereof. A pair of automatic, self-centering, hydraulic tongs is provided for making up and breaking out threaded connections of tubulars having various diameters without manual adjustment of the tongs.

Abstract: A self-centering clamp for drilling tubulars includes first and second transverse guide rods. Two opposed clamping jaws are guided along the first guide rod. These jaws are positioned by two opposed rocker arms, each of which is mounted to a cross brace which slides along the second guide rod. The rocker arms are symmetrically positioned by a link mechanism which also slides along the second guide rod and by a hydraulic cylinder coupled between the two rocker arms. The entire clamp is supported in a frame onto which is mounted the two guide rods. The frame is pivotably mounted to a pipe boom so as to rotate about an axis parallel to the clamped pipe and transverse to the first and second guide rods. In a second embodiment the guide rods are replaced with a plate having guide slots.