Abstract: An electronic vapor provision system includes a control unit and a cartridge configured to engage with and disengage from one another substantially along a longitudinal axis. The cartridge includes a reservoir of liquid to be vaporized, and the control unit includes a battery and a tube portion disposed along said longitudinal axis. The system further includes an induction heating assembly comprising a drive coil and a heater element. The heater element is located in the cartridge for vaporizing the liquid. The cartridge is configured to feed liquid from the reservoir onto the heater element for vaporization. The drive coil is located in the tube portion of the control unit and disposed about the longitudinal axis. The cartridge is located at least partly within the tube portion when engaged with the control unit, such that the heater element is within the drive coil.

Abstract: High peak-to-average ratio of OFDM signals requires large back-off from an RF power amplifier's saturation power. A spectral shaper device therefore increases the output power and efficiency of the power amplifier. The shaper device performs linearization through digital predistortion, based on an out-of-band regrowth limit, as well as the EVM requirement for a particular data rate. The shaper can distribute the error energy, precisely, over frequencies such that each of the inband and out-of-band requirements is independently and individually met. The shaper distributes error energy to frequency regions in the spectrum to the maximally allowed by the standards and regulations, while not increasing the total error. The error energy is kept to the minimum where it is crucial in meeting EVM requirements. In this way, the shaper maximizes the allowable output power of the nonlinear power amplifier.

Abstract: High peak-to-average ratio of OFDM signals requires large back-off from an RF power amplifier's saturation power. A spectral shaper device therefore increases the output power and efficiency of the power amplifier. The shaper device performs linearization through digital predistortion, based on an out-of-band regrowth limit, as well as the EVM requirement for a particular data rate. The shaper can distribute the error energy, precisely, over frequencies such that each of the inband and out-of-band requirements is independently and individually met. The shaper distributes error energy to frequency regions in the spectrum to the maximally allowed by the standards and regulations, while not increasing the total error. The error energy is kept to the minimum where it is crucial in meeting EVM requirements. In this way, the shaper maximizes the allowable output power of the nonlinear power amplifier.

Abstract: A quiet headspace for the passenger in a vehicle (car/train/bus/aircraft etc.) which comprises a canopy to provide some passive attenuation of the noise coming from the surroundings and within the canopy a noise reduction system comprising, in combination one or more loudspeakers and one or more microphones located close to the passenger's head, and one or more microphones located around the periphery of the canopy.

Abstract: Aspects of a method and system for estimating and compensating for non-linear distortion in a transmitter using calibration are presented. Aspects of the system may include one more circuits that may enable estimation, within a single IC device, of distortion in output signals generated by a transmitter circuit. The circuitry may enable compensation of the estimated distortion by predistorting subsequent input signals. The transmitter circuit may generate subsequent output signals based on the predistorted subsequent input signals.

Abstract: Communication processing paths include distortions, such as DC offset in the baseband analog path, local oscillator feed-through distortion, and nonlinearity of gm's and power amplifiers which are calibrated for, separately or in combination. The cascaded DC offset and nonlinear distortions are modeled separately or in combination using even-and-odd order polynomials. A loopback path from the output of one or more distortion causing devices passes through a measurement and calculation module. The calculation module calculates predistortion polynomial's coefficients which will be stored in a look-up table to be used by a baseband predistorter to calibrate the path. The look-up table is stored locally or remotely.

Abstract: Communication processing paths include distortions, such as DC offset in the baseband analog path, local oscillator feed-through distortion, and nonlinearity of gm's and power amplifiers which are calibrated for, separately or in combination. The cascaded DC offset and nonlinear distortions are modeled separately or in combination using even-and-odd order polynomials. A loopback path from the output of one or more distortion causing devices passes through a measurement and calculation module. The calculation module calculates predistortion polynomial's coefficients which will be stored in a look-up table to be used by a baseband predistorter to calibrate the path. The look-up table is stored locally or remotely.

Abstract: A wireless device includes an antenna, Radio Frequency (RF) circuitry, and baseband processing circuitry. The baseband processing circuitry couples to the RF circuitry and is operable to determine operational calibrations settings that may include pre-distortion characteristics and RF signal path settings, both of which are determined via calibration operations. The calibration operations are initiated when an operational value of the wireless device compares unfavorably to at least one operational threshold. Monitoring circuitry coupled to the RF circuitry and to the baseband processing circuitry monitors operational characteristics of the RF circuitry. Calibration operations may be initiated based upon RF circuitry temperature, supply voltage, PA current, PA gain input level/average, among other triggers.

Abstract: Aspects of a method and system for estimating and compensating for non-linear distortion in a transmitter using calibration are presented. Aspects of the system may include one more circuits that may enable estimation, within a single IC device, of distortion in output signals generated by a transmitter circuit. The circuitry may enable compensation of the estimated distortion by predistorting subsequent input signals. The transmitter circuit may generate subsequent output signals based on the predistorted subsequent input signals.

Abstract: A wireless device includes an antenna, Radio Frequency (RF) circuitry, and baseband processing circuitry. The baseband processing circuitry couples to the RF circuitry and is operable to determine operational calibrations settings that may include pre-distortion characteristics and RF signal path settings, both of which are determined via calibration operations. The calibration operations are initiated when an operational value of the wireless device compares unfavorably to at least one operational threshold. Monitoring circuitry coupled to the RF circuitry and to the baseband processing circuitry monitors operational characteristics of the RF circuitry. Calibration operations may be initiated based upon RF circuitry temperature, supply voltage, PA current, PA gain input level/average, among other triggers.

Abstract: A wireless device includes an antenna, Radio Frequency (RF) circuitry, and baseband processing circuitry. The baseband processing circuitry couples to the RF circuitry and is operable to determine operational calibrations settings that may include pre-distortion characteristics and RF signal path settings, both of which are determined via calibration operations. The calibration operations are initiated when an operational value of the wireless device compares unfavorably to at least one operational threshold. Monitoring circuitry coupled to the RF circuitry and to the baseband processing circuitry monitors operational characteristics of the RF circuitry. Calibration operations may be initiated based upon RF circuitry temperature, supply voltage, PA current, PA gain input level/average, among other triggers.

Abstract: Transmitter calibration of a wireless device is initiated based upon an operational value of the wireless device. The calibration operations are performed over a plurality of calibration time periods, each calibration time period divided into a plurality of first interval portions interspersed with a plurality of second interval portions, for each calibration time period of the plurality of calibration time periods, respective calibration settings are applied. During the first interval portions substantially fixed first current input is applied to at least one gain adjustable element of the RF circuitry. During the second interval portions, varying current input is applied to the at least one gain adjustable element of the RF circuitry. Output levels of the RF circuitry are measured over the calibration time period. Operational calibration settings for the baseband processing circuitry and analog signal path components of the transmitter are selected based upon the calibration operations.

Abstract: Transmitter calibration of a wireless device is initiated based upon an operational value of the wireless device. The calibration operations are performed over a plurality of calibration time periods, each calibration time period divided into a plurality of first interval portions interspersed with a plurality of second interval portions, for each calibration time period of the plurality of calibration time periods, respective calibration settings are applied. During the first interval portions substantially fixed first current input is applied to at least one gain adjustable element of the RF circuitry. During the second interval portions, varying current input is applied to the at least one gain adjustable element of the RF circuitry. Output levels of the RF circuitry are measured over the calibration time period. Operational calibration settings for the baseband processing circuitry and analog signal path components of the transmitter are selected based upon the calibration operations.

Abstract: A wireless device includes an antenna, Radio Frequency (RF) circuitry, and baseband processing circuitry. The baseband processing circuitry couples to the RF circuitry and is operable to determine operational calibrations settings that may include pre-distortion characteristics and RF signal path settings, both of which are determined via calibration operations. The calibration operations are initiated when an operational value of the wireless device compares unfavorably to at least one operational threshold. Monitoring circuitry coupled to the RF circuitry and to the baseband processing circuitry monitors operational characteristics of the RF circuitry. Calibration operations may be initiated based upon RF circuitry temperature, supply voltage, PA current, PA gain input level/average, among other triggers.

Abstract: Aspects of a method and system for estimating and compensating for non-linear distortion in a transmitter using calibration are presented. Aspects of the system may include one more circuits that may enable estimation, within a single IC device, of distortion in output signals generated by a transmitter circuit. The circuitry may enable compensation of the estimated distortion by predistorting subsequent input signals. The transmitter circuit may generate subsequent output signals based on the predistorted subsequent input signals.

Abstract: A secure data communication system configuration to encrypt the data to be transmitted within the random phase fluctuations of the field spectrum of a low temporal coherence source and to decrypt the data at the receiver through an autocorrelation technique. The optical field encryption technique disclosed herein uses a dual interferometer and has the advantages of being realisable with current technology allowing high data rates and opaqueness to an unwanted observer on the system upon which data is being transferred.

Abstract: An active control system for attenuating tonal noise in a defined region is described. In its most basic form the system includes sensors for generating signals indicative of the residual noise in the region after attenuation and the uncontrolled sound affecting the region, signal processing circuit for processing the generated signals differently depending on the tonal content thereof, an adaptive filter supplied with at least one of the generated signals whose characteristic is controlled by the processing circuitry, a transducer for producing tonal-noise-attenuating disturbance in the region and delay means for delaying signals relating to the uncontrolled noise before or after or during the adaptive filtering. The system finds direct application in a personal headset or ear defender.