Abstract: The present invention provides compositions and methods for ameliorating neurological or memory disorders and improving learning and cognition through the increase of cyclic AMP. Gilatides, peptides comprising the nine amino acid sequence (SEQ ID NO:1), and functional analogs thereof are disclosed to modulate neurological activity when administered to a subject. The methods of the invention can be used to prevent or treat neurological disorders as well as improve memory retention and acquisition. In addition, the invention can be used to modulate insulin levels and blood glucose. The invention includes pharmaceutical compositions comprising a therapeutically or prophylactically effective amount of a Gilatide peptide or a functional analog thereof.