Abstract: The instant invention is directd to the removal of nicotine from tobacco smoke by the use of compounds containing a metal with a valence of +2.

Abstract: Skinless shaped articles having increased specific surface area and based on cellulose esters, including both solid and hollow fibers, can be produced with at least one surface having a striated or fibrous appearance and a cellular interior structure by extruding a spinning solution comprising a cellulose ester and a solvent therefor directly into an aqueous bath, wherein the residual content of solvent in the bath is maintained at a concentration below a critical level, preferably less than about 10 weight percent.

Abstract: A skinless hollow fiber of a cellulose ester material is formed by providing an aqueous coagulation bath having a tube-in-ring jet immersed therein and extruding a spinning solution comprising at least one cellulose ester material and a solvent therefor directly into the bath through an annulus surrounding the tube of said tube-in-ring jet while simultaneously allowing a portion of the liquid in the bath to be autogenously aspirated through an opening in the tube, located below the surface of the liquid in the bath, and through the tube thereby forming a lumen in the extruded fiber and then drying the extruded fiber.

Abstract: A compound cigarette filter, the filter having the ability to deliver substantially constant tar and nicotine as the cigarette is smoked. The compound filter comprises a barrier positioned upstream and in abutting relationship with at least one filter segment, the barrier containing passageways permitting the passage of smoke from a tobacco column to the filter segment, the total cross-sectional passageway area being from 0.5 to 3 square millimeters, the compound filter having an initial totally encapsulated pressure drop of at least 90 mm. H.sub.2 O.

Abstract: A process for preparing a compound cigarette filter, the filter having the ability to deliver substantially constant tar and nicotine as the cigarette is smoked. The compound filter comprises a barrier positioned upstream and in abutting relationship with at least one filter segment, the barrier containing passageways permitting the passage of smoke from a tobacco column to the filter segment, the total cross-sectional passageway area being from 0.5 to 3 square millimeters, the compound filter having an initial totally encapsulated pressure drop of at least 90 mm. H.sub.2 O.