Abstract: A positive exhalation pressure device (1) is described. The device (1) comprises a housing (2) having an annular chamber (5), a chamber inlet (6) configured to permit air into the chamber, a chamber outlet (7) configured to permit air out of the chamber, and a mouthpiece (8) in fluid communication with the chamber inlet. A movable body such as a ball (3) is disposed in the housing within the annular chamber and configured to revolve around the annular chamber in response to flow of air through the chamber from the chamber inlet to the chamber outlet. The movable body is configured to at least partially block the chamber outlet as it revolves around the annular chamber causing cyclical fluctuations in airflow resistance.

Abstract: An air sampling device (1) for collecting airborne microorganisms comprising an air inlet piece (2), an air outlet piece (3) and a filter chamber (4) for receiving a filter (5) between the air inlet piece (2) and the air outlet piece (3) wherein the sampling device (1) comprises an openable fastener (6) to provide ease of access to the filter chamber (4).

Abstract: The Applicant has discovered a cytokine profile that can accurately distinguish between ulcerative colitis (UC) and Crohn's disease (CD) in a subject having, or having symptoms of, inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). The profile of ulcerative colitis is increased IL-10 levels (compared with a reference IL-10 level, and decreased IL-23 levels (compared with a reference IL-23 level). The cytokine profile can be detected at a protein or genomic level, and is generally determined from a peripheral blood sample (i.e. a blood fraction such as serum, plasma, or blood cells such as peripheral blood mononuclear cells). Distinguishing between UC and CD in a subject with IBD allows a clinician prescribe a suitable therapeutic regime for the subject using a non-invasive blood test, and avoiding the need for scoping or tissue biopsy, which are undesirable for the subject. The cytokine profile can also be used to monitor a therapeutic regime for effectiveness.

Abstract: A positive exhalation pressure device (1) is described. The device (1) comprises a housing (2) having an annular chamber (5), a chamber inlet (6) configured to permit air into the chamber, a chamber outlet (7) configured to permit air out of the chamber, and a mouthpiece (8) in fluid communication with the chamber inlet. A movable body such as a ball (3) is disposed in the housing within the annular chamber and configured to revolve around the annular chamber in response to flow of air through the chamber from the chamber inlet to the chamber outlet. The movable body is configured to at least partially block the chamber outlet as it revolves around the annular chamber causing cyclical fluctuations in airflow resistance.

Abstract: A positive exhalation pressure device (1) is described. The device (1) comprises a housing (2) having an annular chamber (5), a chamber inlet (6) configured to permit air into the chamber, a chamber outlet (7) configured to permit air out of the chamber, and a mouthpiece (8) in fluid communication with the chamber inlet. A movable body such as a ball (3) is disposed in the housing within the annular chamber and configured to revolve around the annular chamber in response to flow of air through the chamber from the chamber inlet to the chamber outlet. The movable body is configured to at least partially block the chamber outlet as it revolves around the annular chamber causing cyclical fluctuations in airflow resistance.

Abstract: A positive exhalation pressure device (1) is described. The device (1) comprises a housing (2) having an annular chamber (5), a chamber inlet (6) configured to permit air into the chamber, a chamber outlet (7) configured to permit air out of the chamber, and a mouthpiece (8) in fluid communication with the chamber inlet. A movable body such as a ball (3) is disposed in the housing within the annular chamber and configured to revolve around the annular chamber in response to flow of air through the chamber from the chamber inlet to the chamber outlet. The movable body is configured to at least partially block the chamber outlet as it revolves around the annular chamber causing cyclical fluctuations in airflow resistance.

Abstract: Apparatus (20) for carrying out a prophylactic or treatment procedure on tissue comprises a device (21) having a chamber (22) and at least one active element such as an electrode (23) within the chamber (22). The chamber (22) has an opening (26) through which tissue is drawn into the chamber (22). Means for drawing the tissue into the chamber may comprise a vacuum lumen with vacuum orifices (25) in the chamber (22). Treatment such as electroporation may be applied to tissue in the chamber (22).

Abstract: An antimicrobial composition comprising a blend of two or more natural free fatty acids derivable from milk serum lipid, the free fatty acids being selected from: butyric (C4); caproic (C6); caprylic (C8); capric (C10); lauric (C12); myristic (C14); palmitic (C 16): palmitoleic 5 (C16:1); stearic (C1 8); oleic (C18:1); linoleic (Cl 8:2); linolenic (C18:3); and esterified derivatives thereof, and a milk, protein as an emulsifying agent for the free fatty acids wherein at least 35% of the total lipid content comprises free fatty acids selected from one or more of: butyric, caproic, caprylic, capric and lauric.

Abstract: Use of whey protein isolate in the preparation of a composition for increasing mean aerobic capacity, enhanced haemoglobin production, enhanced red blood cell production and increased mean corpuscular haemoglobin concentration in competitive species, such as equine species, involved in strenuous activity. The composition may further comprise a prebiotic such as a fructo-oligosaccharide for example inulin.

Abstract: Apparatus (20) for carrying out a prophylactic or treatment procedure on tissue comprises a device (21) having a chamber (22) and at least one active element such as an electrode (23) within the chamber (22). The chamber (22) has an opening (26) through which tissue is drawn into the chamber (22). Means for drawing the tissue into the chamber may comprise a vacuum lumen with vacuum orifices (25) in the chamber (22). Treatment such as electroporation may be applied to tissue in the chamber (22).

Abstract: A nutritional supplement composition having a therapeutically effective amount of peptides is provided for the treatment of body weight conditions. The nutritional supplement may also comprise milk minerals, such as calcium and/or be combined with a protein source including ?-casein fragment 106-169. The nutritional supplement composition is administered in amounts effective for limiting weight gain and/or enhancing weight loss, as well as promoting overall good health, in the treatment of body weight conditions, including overweight and obesity. In one embodiment, the supplement is administered through a calorically restricted diet.

Abstract: An adherence factor comprises a cell wall associated adhesin derived from Lactobacillus or a derivative, fragment, precursor or mutant of the adhesin, the adherence factor mediating adherence to epithelial cells and modulating gene expression to improve gut barrier function and gastrointestinal tract homeostasis.