Abstract: A composition includes a biodegradable hydrogel that includes a hydrogel forming base polymer and a plurality of physiologically degradable ester linkages, amide linkages, azide-alkyne cycloaddition linkages, acrylate-thiol linkages, urethane linkages, and/or methacrylate-thiol linkages, a polynucleotide coupling polymeric molecule; and a polynucleotide. The polynucleotide is released under physiological conditions in a spatial and/or temporally controlled or predetermined manner from the composition.

Abstract: This invention relates to the production of engines based on a new physical principle in which the engines will extremely quickly change the physical state of fluids or solids, especially the substances with low boiling points such as liquid water, liquid nitrogen, CO2 powder, in which the outputted mechanical energy is significantly greater than the inputted energy to operate the engine. The engine is called engine for dispersing matter into the surrounding space in order to produce mechanical energy, or in short, matter-dispersing engine.