Abstract: A method for manufacturing an spray device includes assembling at least one spray nozzle plate into a thermoplastic holder, while controlling the temperature of the spray nozzle plate and/or the holder and as a result at least locally plastically deforming the holder permanently. After the thermoplastic deformation of a seat of the holder, a diameter of the seat of the holder upstream of the spray nozzle plate exceeds a diameter of the seat of the holder downstream of the nozzle plate. The thermoplastic holder may have a tapered seat, where the smallest cross section of the tapered seat is smaller than the spray nozzle plate, where a widest side of the tapered seat is pointing towards a supply side of the liquid.

Abstract: The present invention provides various processes for producing methanol and ethanol, preferably in a mixed alcohol stream. In one embodiment, the invention includes directing syngas to a synthesis zone wherein the syngas contacts a methanol synthesis catalyst and an ethanol synthesis catalyst (either a homologation catalyst or a fuel alcohol synthesis catalyst) under conditions effective to form methanol and ethanol. The methanol and ethanol, in a desired ratio, are directed to an oxygenate to olefin reaction system for conversion thereof to ethylene and propylene in a desired ratio. The invention also relates to processes for varying the weight ratio of ethylene to propylene formed in an oxygenate to olefin reaction system.

Abstract: The present invention provides various processes for producing C1 to C4 alcohols, optionally in a mixed alcohol stream, and optionally converting the alcohols to light olefins. In one embodiment, the invention includes directing a first portion of a syngas stream to a methanol synthesis zone wherein methanol is synthesized. A second portion of the syngas stream is directed to a fuel alcohol synthesis zone wherein fuel alcohol is synthesized. The methanol and at least a portion of the fuel alcohol are directed to an oxygenate to olefin reaction system for conversion thereof to ethylene and propylene.

Abstract: The present invention provides various processes for producing light olefins from methanol and ethanol, optionally in a mixed alcohol stream. In one embodiment, the invention includes directing a first syngas stream to a methanol synthesis zone to form methanol and directing a second syngas stream and methanol to a homologation zone to form ethanol. The methanol and ethanol are directed to an oxygenate to olefin reaction system for conversion thereof to ethylene and propylene.

Abstract: This invention concerns processes for converting oxygenates to olefins that include a step of pretreating catalyst used in the conversion reaction. A fresh or regenerated metalloaluminophosphate molecular sieve, which is low in carbon content, is pretreated with an aldehyde. The aldehyde forms a hydrocarbon cocatalyst within the pore structure of the molecular sieve, and the pretreated molecular sieve containing the co-catalyst is used to convert oxygenate to an olefin product.

Abstract: The present invention provides new highly-efficient separation processes and systems for separating polymerization-grade ethylene and propylene from an initial effluent stream comprising ethane, ethylene, propylene, dimethyl ether, and one or more of propane, acetylene, methyl acetylene, propadiene, methane, hydrogen, carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide and C4+ components. In one embodiment, the initial effluent stream is provided from a methanol-to-olefin reaction system. It has been discovered that an efficient separation of these components is realized when DME is partially removed in a first separation step comprising methanol and water washing steps, followed by separation of the remaining components in additional separation steps.

Abstract: The present invention provides a new propylene-containing compositions, which preferably are suitable for polymerization disposition. The propylene-containing compositions include propylene, propane, dimethyl ether and one or more of ethylene, ethane, methanol, acetylene, methyl acetylene, propadiene, C4+ hydrocarbons and water. The propylene-containing composition can be derived from an oxygenate to olefin reaction system without expending resources on propane/propylene separation.

Abstract: The electronic catheter displacement sensor comprises a displacement sensing roller and an idler roller between which a catheter can be advanced or retracted, circuitry for sensing the rotation of the displacement sensing roller, circuitry for determining the direction in which the displacement sensing roller is rotated, and circuitry coupled to said rotation sensing circuitry and to said direction sensing circuitry for generating an output signal for transmission to a visual display device for displaying the distance the catheter has been advanced or retracted. The rollers can be mounted in a sensor unit separable from the displacement sensor and the sensor unit is preferably disposable.