Abstract: A color wheel includes a rotatable disc-shaped carrier to which three or more planar color filter segments are secured in radial fashion about the periphery thereof. The portions of the color filter segments extending beyond the peripheral portion of the carrier form a substantially continuous translucent color ring for being inserted into, and rotated through, a light path. Each of the color filter segments is formed of a continuous sheet of material without any apertures formed therein. The disc-shaped carrier has one or more recesses, or bonding zones, formed therein to receive innermost bonding portions of the color filter segments; these recesses provide stops for aiding in the proper radial and axial positioning of the color filter segments. The bonding portions of the color filter segments are secured to the bonding zone of the disc-shaped carrier by an adhesive. A further recess can be formed in the disc-shaped carrier adjacent each bonding zone to receive the adhesive layer.

Abstract: A climate cabinet, turntable and use of the turntable. The climatic cabinet (1) can be loaded automatically and manually and has a conventional door (3) and a controllable door (2) as well as a turntable (4) which is connected via a releasable coupling (9) disposed in the interior of the climatic cabinet (1) with a positioning drive (5) and is seated on the floor of the climatic cabinet (1). The controllable door (2) is movably seated on two guide systems (6, 7) perpendicularly and parallel with the loading side (21). The positioning drive (5) is controllable by a higher system or by a user. The turntable (4) has a support shaft (45), tray disks (41) and spacer sleeves as well as spacer tubelets (47, 46) for spacing the tray disks apart, also positioning elements (51) for receiving storage pieces (50). The turntable (41) is suitable for use in a device, for example a climatic cabinet (1), or outside of this device.

Abstract: The method described in this disclosure permits the production of dental replacements, such as inlays, onlays, and crowns, at high accuracy of fit and low cost in a single session of the patient's at the dentist's. For this purpose, a material that hardens is used for making a temporary inlay which provides an impression of the prepared dental cavity. After hardening, this material is removed from the tooth. In a first processing run, a first sensor (7a) does a preliminary scan of the temporary inlay (4) and a first processing tool (30a) is used for preliminary processing of the substrate mass (6). In a second processing run a second sensor (7b) and a second processing tool (30b) are used for a fine scan and fine processing. For this purpose the sensors (7a, 7b) and the processing tools (30a, 30b) are all arranged on a single linear stage (13).

Abstract: This apparatus permits the non-destructive examination of entire surfaces for defects and contamination, and can detect microscopically small dot-shaped and linear defects and extremely fine macroscopic non-homogeneous areas. For this purpose, an astigmatic lens system (5) is placed in the optical path between light source (2) and objective (9) which produces a cigar-shaped intermediate image (31), in which the feed offset in scanning the surface (10) depends on the intermediate image (31) and is equal to the length of the intermediate image (31) projected upon this surface (10). A dark-field stop assembly (18) with an adjustable dark-field deflection system (8) is placed in the optical path between the lens system (5) and the objective (9), which projects the light beam (1) after deflection exactly centered at right angles through the objective (9) upon the surface of the object (10). The light reflected by the surface (10) and collected by the objective (9) is projected to a photo detector.

Abstract: A method of handling and securing platelike substrates, such as wafers, is described in which a substrate is gripped between supporting elements situated opposite each other in the plane of the substrate to be applied against opposite side edges of the substrate. The gripping forces are applied through resilient means in order to limit the gripping force applied. Apparatus for gripping a substrate in accordance with this method has the supporting element or elements on one side in a fixed position and the other movable towards the substrate to apply the gripping force, the resillient means being disposed between said other element or elements and the driving means for said movement. There is also described an optical sensing system for positioning the supporting element relative to a substrate.

Abstract: Calibration of a light scanner, particularly for measuring particles and surface finishes in the inspection of substrates uses a strongly scattering reference medium. A focused laser beam is directed onto the reference medium which is disposed outside the focal plane of the beam. Scattered light from the medium is thus defocused with respect to a photodetector that collects the scattered light. An amplifier connected to the photodetector measures the intensity of the scattered light. By the use of filters in the path of the light calibration of the optico-electronic system of the scanner is achieved.