Abstract: A probe assembly for examining a sample (1), the assembly comprising a probe (13), communication means (9, 11) for communicating signals to and/or from the probe (13), an emitter (9) for emitting radiation to irradiate the sample (1) and an electro-magnetic radiation detector (13) for detecting radiation which is transmitted or reflected from the sample (1). The emitter (9) comprises a frequency conversion member which emits radiation in response to being irradiated with input radiation which has a different frequency to that of the emitted radiation. At least one of the emitter or detector is located in the probe. The probe is particularly for use as an endoscope or for imaging teeth. The invention also extends to a method of imaging teeth, and apparatus for imaging diseased teeth, for example, teeth with caries or suffering from periodontal disease.