Abstract: A control device including a housing and a carrier moveable with respect to the housing in a first rotary degree of freedom. A first sensor senses the movement of the carrier and outputs a first control signal. A roller rotatably coupled to the carrier rotates with the carrier in the first degree of freedom and rotates independently of the carrier in a second rotary degree of freedom. A second sensor senses rotary motion of the roller and outputs a second control signal. Preferably, an arm member coupled between carrier and housing pivots about an axis. A third sensor, such as a switch, can be used to detect when the carrier has been pushed in a direction substantially orthogonal to a plane of rotation of the arm member. Force feedback can also be provided in the rotary degrees of freedom of the control device.

Abstract: A control device including a housing and a carrier moveable with respect to the housing in a first rotary degree of freedom. A first sensor senses the movement of the carrier and outputs a first control signal. A roller rotatably coupled to the carrier rotates with the carrier in the first degree of freedom and rotates independently of the carrier in a second rotary degree of freedom. A second sensor senses rotary motion of the roller and outputs a second control signal. Preferably, an arm member coupled between carrier and housing pivots about an axis. A third sensor, such as a switch, can be used to detect when the carrier has been pushed in a direction substantially orthogonal to a plane of rotation of the arm member. Force feedback can also be provided in the rotary degrees of freedom of the control device.

Abstract: Optical sensors and switches allowing remote sensing of motion, position, or state and permitting high-volume manufacture. An emitter outputs a beam of electromagnetic energy into an emitter channel integrally formed in a substrate or support structure. The beam is directed to a moving member having an encoder pattern in a sensor or a recess or control in a switch. A detector channel formed integrally in the substrate receives the beam when the encoder pattern or other object permits the beam to reach the detector channel. A detector located remotely from the encoder pattern receives the beam from the detector channel and outputs an electronic signal indicating that the beam is being detected. The emitter and detector can be included in a leadframe array that is integrated in the substrate. A second detector and second detector channel may also be included to allow the sensing of direction.

Abstract: A control device including a housing and a carrier moveable with respect to the housing in a first rotary degree of freedom. A first sensor senses the movement of the carrier and outputs a first control signal. A roller rotatably coupled to the carrier rotates with the carrier in the first degree of freedom and rotates independently of the carrier in a second rotary degree of freedom. A second sensor senses rotary motion of the roller and outputs a second control signal. Preferably, an arm member coupled between carrier and housing pivots about an axis. A third sensor, such as a switch, can be used to detect when the carrier has been pushed in a direction substantially orthogonal to a plane of rotation of the arm member. Force feedback can also be provided in the rotary degrees of freedom of the control device.

Abstract: A control device including a support and multiple cylinders. A first cylinder may be rotated and translated, and a first sensor senses the rotation of the first cylinder and outputs a first control signal representative of the rotation. A second cylinder is positioned parallel to the first cylinder and also may be rotated and translated. A second sensor senses the translation of the first cylinder and outputs a second control signal representative of that translation. Optionally, a third sensor can sense the independent rotation of the second cylinder and can output a second control signal representative of the rotation, and/or a fourth sensor may be used to sense translation similarly for the second cylinder. The first and said second cylinders provide a greater number of contact points for the user than a single cylinder and thus greater stability and accuracy when controlling a cursor or other entity.

Abstract: A control device including a housing and a carrier moveable with respect to the housing in a first rotary degree of freedom. A first sensor senses the movement of the carrier and outputs a first control signal. A roller rotatably coupled to the carrier rotates with the carrier in the first degree of freedom and rotates independently of the carrier in a second rotary degree of freedom. A second sensor senses rotary motion of the roller and outputs a second control signal. Preferably, an arm member coupled between carrier and housing pivots about an axis. A third sensor, such as a switch, can be used to detect when the carrier has been pushed in a direction substantially orthogonal to a plane of rotation of the arm member. Force feedback can also be provided in the rotary degrees of freedom of the control device.

Abstract: An improved interface control advantageously may be operated by one hand. A thumbpiece is slidably disposed within a longitudinal arm member which moves in an arcuate path. Placing his or her thumb in the thumbpiece, a user controls the horizontal positioning of a cursor by moving the arm member along the arcuate path. Vertical positioning of the cursor is controlled by sliding the thumbpiece along the length of the arm member. Trigger functions are implemented by exerting a downward force on the thumbpiece. Since the downward force used to implement the trigger function is orthogonal to motions used to control positioning of the cursor irrespective of the particular positions of the arm member and thumbpiece, the disclosed interface control prevents a user from inadvertently altering the positioning of the cursor during implementation of the trigger function.

Abstract: A mechanism is provided for producing control signals for use in controlling equipment which includes a rotatable cylinder having on the surface thereof grooves which act with one or more gears to directly translate the rotation or sliding movements of the cylinder to encoders. In other embodiments, switches are activated by pressure on certain elements of the mechanism.

Abstract: A multifunction human digit control includes a rotating cylinder journalled in a movable bar slidable in a groove in a deflectable support track. Rotation of the cylinder by a thumb or finger generates a first motion signal and movement of either or both of the bar and the cylinder by tactile movement, generates a second motion signal, representing, for example, X-axis and Y-axis positions, respectively, of a cursor on a computer screen. Various types of motion detectors or encoders are disclosed to detect the various movements of the bar and cylinder. The mechanism also permits actuation of a switch or other motion detector in a Z-axis by deflection of any one of the bar, the cylinder or portions of the support track with respect to a support structure. In a preferred embodiment, the overall control has its digit-operated tactile surfaces exposed in an aperture contained in a device casing, such as an opening in a computer keyboard or in an instrument housing or control panel.

Abstract: A multifunction human digit control includes a rotating cylinder journalled in a movable bar slidable in a groove in a deflectable support track. Rotation of the cylinder by a thumb or finger generates a first motion signal and movement of either or both of the bar and the cylinder by tactile movement, generates a second motion signal, representing, for example, X-axis and Y-axis positions, respectively, of a cursor on a computer screen. Various types of motion detectors or encoders are disclosed to detect the various movements of the bar and cylinder. The mechanism also permits actuation of a switch or other motion detector in a Z-axis by deflection of any one of the bar, the cylinder or portions of the support track with respect to a support structure. In a preferred embodiment, the overall control has its digit-operated tactile surfaces exposed in an aperture contained in a device casing, such as an opening in a computer keyboard or in an instrument housing or control panel.

Abstract: A multifunction human digit control includes a rotating cylinder journalled in a movable bar slidable in a groove in a deflectable support track. Rotation of the cylinder by a thumb or finger generates a first motion signal and movement of either or both of the bar and the cylinder by tactile movement, generates a second motion signal, representing, for example, X-axis and Y-axis positions, respectively, of a cursor on a computer screen. Various types of motion detectors or encoders are disclosed to detect the various movements of the bar and cylinder. The mechanism also permits actuation of a switch or other motion detector in a Z-axis by deflection of any one of the bar, the cylinder or portions of the support track with respect to a support structure. In a preferred embodiment, the overall control has its digit-operated tactile surfaces exposed in an aperture contained in a device casing, such as an opening in a computer keyboard or in an instrument housing or control panel.

Abstract: A control mechanism for generation of a pair of analog signals wherein the mechanism includes a support and an analog element mounted on the support for rotation and translation relative thereto. The support includes an elongated guide member, and the analog element is rotatably mounted on the guide member and is movable relative to and longitudinally of the guide member. A first encoder is coupled to the analog element for sensing rotation thereof relative to the support. A second encoder is coupled with the analog element for sensing translation of the analog element relative to the support. Several embodiments of the control mechanism are disclosed.

Abstract: An improved controller for use in adjusting certain electrical and other values, such as a pair of electrical signals which can be used to actuate a circuit for performing a specific function, such as moving the cursor of a CRT display of a computer. The mechanism includes a rotatable shaft having a cylinder mounted thereon. The cylinder moves with the shaft as the shaft rotates, and the cylinder can move longitudinally of and relative to the shaft. A first encoder responsive to the rotation of the shaft is used to adjust a first electrical signal; and a second encoder responsive to the linear motion of the cylinder relative to the shaft is used to adjust a second electrical signal. When the first and second signals are applied to the mouse inputs of a computer, the cursor on the CRT display of the computer can be shifted around as a function of the rotation of the shaft and the linear motion of the cylinder. Other types of apparatus can be controlled by the mechanism.

Abstract: A pen, scribe or similar instrument fits into and projects out one end of a central axial aperture in a barrel. The barrel has a longitudinal groove in its surface and angularly displaced depressions in its outer surface at the end from which the pen projects. A cap assembly has an elongated shaft axially movable and oscillatable in the longitudinal groove and held in place by an upper and lower spring around the barrel. A helical spring biases the shaft toward retracted position with an end of the shaft projecting out the end of the barrel opposite the pen. The upper end of the shaft carries a fitting having a pocket clip and a pen cap. In retracted position, the clip and cap fit into their respective depressions. By depressing the shaft end against the force of the spring the clip and cap are raised and the spiral groove and upper spring cause them to pivot with the shaft until the cap is above the tip of the pen and the clip projecting outward of the barrel.