Abstract: A lighting system includes a switch configured so that when the switch is in a first state, current from a supply flows to a light emitter, and when the switch is in a second state, current from the supply flows through the switch bypassing the light emitter. A capacitor in parallel with the light emitter provides current to the light emitter sufficient to cause the light emitter to emit light when the switch is in the second state.

Abstract: A lighting system includes a switch configured so that when the switch is in a first state, current from a supply flows to a light emitter, and when the switch is in a second state, current from the supply flows through the switch bypassing the light emitter. A capacitor in parallel with the light emitter provides current to the light emitter sufficient to cause the light emitter to emit light when the switch is in the second state.

Abstract: A modular multi-service telecommunication access device includes a controller card and card slots for six peripheral cards and a power supply. Any of several types of peripheral cards can be inserted into the six card slots. A card present/protocol scheme allows an inserted card to recognize its address and communicate same as well as its communication protocol to the controller card via a PCM highway. The controller card sends both signaling information and management information to the peripheral cards via another PCM highway. A unique communication protocol allows for both real time signaling information and non-real time management information to be sent on the same channel. A microprocessor on the controller card includes an algorithm for managing messages to the various peripheral cards in the various card slots. A unique tributary addressing scheme allows for a simplified address used by external users to be converted to a more detailed internal address.