Abstract: A degas bottle for inducing a cyclonic direction of flow to incoming coolant is disclosed. The degas bottle includes a body and an air separator having a cylindrical wall. An incoming coolant inlet is attached to the upper end of the air separator and is positioned at a tangent with respect to the cylindrical wall of the air separator, thus inducing cyclonic action as the coolant enters the air separator. The air separator may be of a cylindrical shape or of a conical shape. As air trapped coolant tangentially flows into the air separator, it will follow the cylindrical or conical shape of the air separator. The centrifugal force keeps the incoming coolant pressed against the inner wall of the air separator coolant on the wall while air separates from the coolant. The cyclonically flowing coolant circles downward to the reservoir while air remains on top of the coolant.

Abstract: A degas bottle for inducing a cyclonic direction of flow to incoming coolant is disclosed. The degas bottle includes a body and an air separator having a cylindrical wall. An incoming coolant inlet is attached to the upper end of the air separator and is positioned at a tangent with respect to the cylindrical wall of the air separator, thus inducing cyclonic action as the coolant enters the air separator. The air separator may be of a cylindrical shape or of a conical shape. As air trapped coolant tangentially flows into the air separator, it will follow the cylindrical or conical shape of the air separator. The centrifugal force keeps the incoming coolant pressed against the inner wall of the air separator coolant on the wall while air separates from the coolant. The cyclonically flowing coolant circles downward to the reservoir while air remains on top of the coolant.

Abstract: A method for determining the tractive effort required at the wheels of a vehicle for a given set of operating parameters by taking into account a plurality of variables which affect vehicle performance. A total grade effort value is determined which represents the force required to move the vehicle due to the grade of the surface on which the vehicle is expected to travel. An approximate total rolling effort value is also determined which is representative of the force required to move the vehicles due to the hysteresis of the vehicle's tires. Lastly, an aerodynamic influence factor is determined which represents the total air resistance of the vehicle and any implement such as a trailer being towed by the vehicle. These factors are summed to produce a tractive effort value representative of the total tractive effort that would be required to move the vehicle at a designated speed.