Abstract: Described herein is a method, a network node a computer readable medium for providing human interpretable semantic information of one or more network states generated during execution of a network component of a target communication network or a network digital twin, NDT, of a corresponding target communication network.

Abstract: There is provided a method in a cellular communication network, the method comprising: upon detecting that a terminal device has or is going to have a mobility condition previously determined to be associated with a handover anomaly or failure, determining terminal device specific handover parameters for said terminal device to avoid said handover anomaly or failure; and causing utilizing said terminal device specific handover parameters in one or more handovers associated with the terminal device.

Abstract: There are disclosed various methods and apparatuses for multi-vehicle maneuver and impact analyses.

Abstract: Apparatuses and methods in a communication system are provided. The solution for transmitting a message for multiple vehicular recipients comprises determining (200) the vehicular recipients of the message in one or more coverage areas; estimating (202) the amount of resources needed in transmission the message using broadcast or separate unicast messages or the number of vehicular recipients that cannot receive broadcast message, or both, and transmitting (204) the message either as a single broadcast message to the vehicular recipients in each coverage area or as a unicast message separately to each vehicular recipient or both, depending on the amount of resources needed in transmission or the number of vehicular recipients that cannot receive the broadcast message, or both.

Abstract: Methods and apparatus, including computer program products, are provided for QoE/QoS management. In some example embodiments, there may be provided a method. The method may include detecting, by an enforcement point, an initiation of a session of an application; determining, by the enforcement point, whether a new subservice flow needs to be established to enable, for the initiated session, a quality of service differentiation and/or a quality of experience differentiation; sending, by the enforcement point, an indication to a radio to enable the radio to establish a radio buffer to handle the new subservice flow, when the new subservice flow needs to be established; sending, by the enforcement point, parameter information to the radio to enable the radio to configure at least one service parameter of the radio buffer; and forwarding, by the enforcement point, user-plane data associated with the session to the radio including a subservice flow identifier.

Abstract: Some embodiments include a method and apparatus which obtains sensor data associated with a vehicle. The sensor data includes three-dimensional acceleration data and three-dimensional rotation data, with respect to a sensor coordinate system. A gravity vector is obtained, and it is determined when the vehicle starts moving. Acceleration direction is used as a forward direction of the vehicle. It is determined from the rotation data when the vehicle changes direction, the rotation data indicating two different directions. The gravity vector is used to distinguish which is an upward direction by selecting directions the direction which has larger angle with respect to the gravity vector as the upward direction. The forward direction and upward direction are used to determine a rightward direction. The forward direction, upward direction and rightward direction represent the vehicle coordinate system. The orientation of the apparatus with respect to the orientation of the vehicle is determined.

Abstract: There are disclosed various methods and apparatuses for multi-vehicle maneuver and impact analyses.

Abstract: According to an aspect, a method for selecting target vehicles for transmission by a vehicular message distribution entity is provided. Initially, map information and driving context information of a plurality of vehicles is maintained in a database of the vehicular message distribution entity in a communications system. Upon receiving from a first source vehicle a vehicular message comprising at least driving context information, the vehicular message distribution entity selects one or more vehicles in proximity of the first source vehicle from the plurality of vehicles based on geographical locations of said vehicles. Then, the vehicular message distribution entity further selects a first set of one or more target vehicles from the one or more vehicles based on driving context information and the map information. Finally, the vehicular message distribution entity causes sending the vehicular message to the first set using unicast transmission.

Abstract: There is provided a method in a cellular communication network, the method comprising: upon detecting that a terminal device has or is going to have a mobility condition previously determined to be associated with a handover anomaly or failure, determining terminal device specific handover parameters for said terminal device to avoid said handover anomaly or failure; and causing utilizing said terminal device specific handover parameters in one or more handovers associated with the terminal device.

Abstract: Apparatuses and methods in a communication system are provided. The solution for transmitting a message for multiple vehicular recipients comprises determining (200) the vehicular recipients of the message in one or more coverage areas; estimating (202) the amount of resources needed in transmission the message using broadcast or separate unicast messages or the number of vehicular recipients that cannot receive broadcast message, or both, and transmitting (204) the message either as a single broadcast message to the vehicular recipients in each coverage area or as a unicast message separately to each vehicular recipient or both, depending on the amount of resources needed in transmission or the number of vehicular recipients that cannot receive the broadcast message, or both.

Abstract: According to an aspect, a method for selecting target vehicles for transmission by a vehicular message distribution entity is provided. Initially, map information and driving context information of a plurality of vehicles is maintained in a database of the vehicular message distribution entity in a communications system. Upon receiving from a first source vehicle a vehicular message comprising at least driving context information, the vehicular message distribution entity selects one or more vehicles in proximity of the first source vehicle from the plurality of vehicles based on geographical locations of said vehicles. Then, the vehicular message distribution entity further selects a first set of one or more target vehicles from the one or more vehicles based on driving context information and the map information. Finally, the vehicular message distribution entity causes sending the vehicular message to the first set using unicast transmission.

Abstract: Methods and apparatus, including computer program products, are provided for QoE/QoS management. In some example embodiments, there may be provided a method. The method may include detecting, by an enforcement point, an initiation of a session of an application; determining, by the enforcement point, whether a new subservice flow needs to be established to enable, for the initiated session, a quality of service differentiation and/or a quality of experience differentiation; sending, by the enforcement point, an indication to a radio to enable the radio to establish a radio buffer to handle the new subservice flow, when the new subservice flow needs to be established; sending, by the enforcement point, parameter information to the radio to enable the radio to configure at least one service parameter of the radio buffer; and forwarding, by the enforcement point, user-plane data associated with the session to the radio including a subservice flow identifier.

Abstract: Various methods are provided for providing dynamic and adaptive QoS and QoE management of U-Plane traffic while implementing user and application specific differentiation and maximizing system resource utilization by, for example, providing utilizing a system comprised of a policy server and one or more enforcement points. In one example system, the policy server may be a logical entity configured for storing a plurality of QoS/QoE policies, each of the plurality of policies identifying at least one of a user, service vertical, application, or context, and associated QoE targets. The policy server may be further configured to provide one or more of the plurality of QoS/QoE policies to the one or more enforcement points. In some embodiments, the QoS/QoE policies may be configured to provide QoE targets, for example, at a high abstraction level and/or at an application session level.

Abstract: Various methods are provided for providing dynamic and adaptive QoS and QoE management of U-Plane traffic while implementing user and application specific differentiation and maximizing system resource utilization by, for example, providing utilizing a system comprised of a policy server and one or more enforcement points. In one example system, the policy server may be a logical entity configured for storing a plurality of QoS/QoE policies, each of the plurality of policies identifying at least one of a user, service vertical, application, or context, and associated QoE targets. The policy server may be further configured to provide one or more of the plurality of QoS/QoE policies to the one or more enforcement points. In some embodiments, the QoS/QoE policies may be configured to provide QoE targets, for example, at a high abstraction level and/or at an application session level.