Abstract: A method for determining a position of a device includes: providing position detection pins on Bluetooth slave modules, and when the Bluetooth slave modules are installed, connecting the position detection pins of the Bluetooth slave modules at different installation positions to different level signal pins such that the level situations of the position detection pins of different Bluetooth slave modules are different; and comparing by a Bluetooth master module or the Bluetooth slave modules the level situations of the position detection pins of the Bluetooth slave modules with a pre-stored position level table, and identifying installation position information corresponding to the Bluetooth slave modules, and determining a position of the target device based on the signal strength value sent by each of the plurality of Bluetooth slave modules and the installation position of each of the plurality of Bluetooth slave modules.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for group sending service data group by broadcasting a pairing request, pairing with computing devices falling within a range of the short range wireless signal and accepting the pairing request, receiving input service data, generating a service data group sending request according to the service data, sending the service data group sending request to a server, and sending the service data to the server. This service data group sending solution improves the efficiency of computing operations when group sending service data.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for group sending service data group by broadcasting a pairing request, pairing with computing devices falling within a range of the short range wireless signal and accepting the pairing request, receiving input service data, generating a service data group sending request according to the service data, sending the service data group sending request to a server, and sending the service data to the server. This service data group sending solution improves the efficiency of computing operations when group sending service data.

Abstract: A papermaking process includes, firstly, providing carboxylated cellulosic fibers with a carboxyl group content being in the range from 0.06 to 1.5 mmol/g. Then the carboxylated cellulosic fibers are employed to prepare mixing pulp including filler particles, wherein the content of the carboxylated cellulosic fibers in the mixing pulp is in the range from 40% to 100% by dry fiber weight of the mixing pulp. After that, paper is made employing the mixing pulp.

Abstract: A papermaking process includes, firstly, providing carboxylated cellulosic fibers with a carboxyl group content being in the range from 0.06 to 1.5 mmol/g. Then the carboxylated cellulosic fibers are employed to prepare mixing pulp including filler particles, wherein the content of the carboxylated cellulosic fibers in the mixing pulp is in the range from 40% to 100% by dry fiber weight of the mixing pulp. After that, paper is made employing the mixing pulp.

Abstract: A modified filler composition used in papermaking is provided. The modified filler composition contains nanofibrillated cellulose having a carboxyl content of about 0.05 to about 1.5 mmol/g, and filler having positive charge.