Abstract: The present disclosure discloses a stress and shock wave diagnosis fused LIBS optimization system and method, including: collecting a shock wave signal, a stress wave signal and a spectral signal of a detected object subjected to pulsed laser ablation under the current parameter; pre-processing the spectral signal to obtain a spectral intensity of the detected object under the current parameter; processing the shock wave signal and the stress wave signal to obtain a shock wave intensity and a stress wave intensity under the current parameter; adjusting optimization variables until optimization measurement and diagnosis of a spectral enhancement measure or system parameter are completed. Information on other two dimensions is added for an optimization process; and proportions of shock wave propagation in incident laser energy and mechanical stress propagation in a target can be intuitively recognized, so that the scientificity and persuasiveness of an optimization result are improved.