Abstract: A system and method for preparing a vanadium battery high-purity electrolyte, comprising preparing a low-valence vanadium oxide with a valence of 3.5 with liquid phase hydrolysis and fluidization reduction with vanadium oxytrichloride, adding clean water and sulfuric acid for dissolution, and further performing ultraviolet activation to obtain the vanadium electrolyte, for use in an all-vanadium redox flow battery stack. The high-temperature tail gas in the reduction fluidized bed is combusted for preheating the vanadium powder material, to recover the sensible heat and latent heat of the high-temperature tail gas, and the sensible heat of the reduction product is recovered through heat transfer between the reduction product and the fluidized nitrogen gas. An internal member is arranged in the reduction fluidized bed to realize the precise regulation of the valence state of the reduction product, and ultraviolet is used to activate the vanadium ions, improving the activity of the electrolyte.

Abstract: A system and method for preparing a high-purity vanadium electrolyte, comprising preparing a low-valence vanadium oxide with vanadium oxytrichloride by ammonium salt precipitation and fluidization reduction, and preparing the high-purity vanadium electrolyte at a low temperature by adding a sulfuric acid solution and clean water under the conditions of ultrasound-assisted dissolution and activation. Efficient utilization of heat is achieved through heat exchange between the ammonium salt and the reduction tail gas and heat exchange between the reduction product and fluidized nitrogen gas. Ammonia gas in the reduction tail gas is recovered for precipitation of vanadium to achieve the recycling of ammonia gas. An internal member is arranged in the reduction fluidized bed to realize the precise regulation of the valence state of the reduction product.

Abstract: A system and method for producing a 3.5-valence high-purity vanadium electrolyte, comprising hydrolyzing high-purity vanadium oxytrichloride into vanadium pentoxide in a fluidized bed, and reducing vanadium pentoxide into a low-valence vanadium oxide having an average vanadium valence of 3.5 adding water and a sulfuric acid solution under a microwave field applied externally for dissolution at a low temperature, to obtain a 3.5-valence high-purity vanadium electrolyte. The preparation of vanadium pentoxide by means of gas-phase hydrolysis in the fluidized bed is of short process and high efficiency. By providing an internal member within the reduction fluidized bed, the precise regulation of the valence state of the reduction product is achieved, and the special chemical effect of the microwave field is used to promote dissolution of the vanadium oxide and activate the vanadium ions, thereby greatly improving the activity of the electrolyte.

Abstract: The present disclosure provides a circular electric furnace, and electrode arrangement structure thereof. The electrode arrangement structure of the circular electric furnace comprises: 2n electrodes (11-16) and n single-phase transformers (40) each including two output ends, wherein the 2n electrodes (11-16) are respectively connected to the output ends of the n single-phase transformers (40), and n is an integer?2. The electrode arrangement structure of the circular electric furnace of the present disclosure comprises 2n electrodes (11-16) and n single-phase transformers, with n?2. That is, the structure comprises at least 4 electrodes and 2 single-phase transformers (40), and one single-phase transformer (40) is connected to two electrodes.

Abstract: The present disclosure provides a metallurgical electric furnace, and a smelting method for the metallurgical electric furnace. The metallurgical electric furnace includes a furnace body, an oxygen lance and a coal lance, wherein the furnace body is provided with a furnace chamber; the oxygen lance is located on a side wall of the furnace chamber and is used for blowing oxygen into the slag promoting the smelting process, and the outlet of the oxygen lance is higher than the slag; and the coal lance is located on the side wall of the furnace chamber beside the oxygen lance and is used for spraying coal into the slag, and the outlet of the coal lance is higher than the slag.

Abstract: The present invention provides a system and method for purifying vanadium pentoxide. Industrial grade vanadium pentoxide is converted to vanadium oxytrichloride by low temperature fluidizing chlorination, wherein chlorinating gas is preheated via heat exchange between fluidizing gas and chlorination flue gas, and an appropriate amount of air is added to enable a part of carbon powder to combust so as to achieve a balanced heat supply during the chlorination, thereby increasing the efficiency of chlorination and ensuring good selectivity in low temperature chlorination. The vanadium oxytrichloride is purified by rectification, and then subjected to plasma oxidation, thereby obtaining a high-purity vanadium pentoxide product and chlorine gas. The chlorine gas is returned for low temperature chlorination.

Abstract: A system for fluidized bed reduction of powdered iron ore. Use of high-gas-velocity processing accelerates iron ore reduction speed and greatly improves the gas-treatment capabilities of a unit-cross-sectional fluidized bed. Use of parallel connections involving reduced coal gas lessens the volume of gas passing through a single-stage fluidized bed. Use of serial/parallel-connection processing involving reduced coal gas increases the coal gas utilization rate. The invention achieves the highly-effective reduction of powdered iron ore in a fluidized bed under near-atmospheric pressure. A reduction method based on the present system is also disclosed.

Abstract: A system and method for fluidized reduction of iron ore powder. Use of oxidation increases the iron ore reduction rate. Use of high-gas-velocity processing accelerates iron ore reduction speed and greatly improves the gas-treatment capabilities of a unit-cross-sectional fluidized bed. Use of parallel-connections involving reduced coal gas lessens the volume of gas passing through a single-stage fluidized bed. The invention achieves the highly-effective reduction of iron ore powder in a fluidized bed under near-atmospheric pressure.

Abstract: A system and method for producing a high-purity and high-activity vanadium electrolyte, comprising converting high-purity vanadium oxytrichloride into an ammonium salt in a fluidized bed by gas phase ammoniation, then in another fluidized bed, reducing the ammonium salt into a low-valence vanadium oxide having an average vanadium valence of 3.5, adding clean water and sulfuric acid for dissolution, and further performing activation by ultrasound to obtain a 3.5-valence vanadium electrolyte which can be directly used in a new all-vanadium redox flow battery stack. The method of producing an ammonium salt containing vanadium in the fluidized bed by gas phase ammoniation is of short process and high efficiency. Precise regulation of the valence state of the reduction product is implemented by arranging an internal member in the reduction fluidized bed, and ultrasonication is used to activate the vanadium ion, thereby greatly improving the activity of the electrolyte.

Abstract: A system and method for preparing a vanadium battery high-purity electrolyte, comprising preparing a low-valence vanadium oxide with a valence of 3.5 with liquid phase hydrolysis and fluidization reduction with vanadium oxytrichioride, adding clean water and sulfuric acid for dissolution, and further performing ultraviolet activation to obtain the vanadium electrolyte, for use in an all-vanadium redox flow battery stack. The high-temperature tail gas in the reduction fluidized bed is combusted for preheating the vanadium powder material, to recover the sensible heat and latent heat of the high-temperature tail gas, and the sensible heat of the reduction product is recovered through heat transfer between the reduction product and the fluidized nitrogen gas. An internal member is arranged in the reduction fluidized bed to realize the precise regulation of the valence state of the reduction product, and ultraviolet is used to activate the vanadium ions, improving the activity of the electrolyte.

Abstract: A system and method for preparing a high-purity vanadium electrolyte, comprising preparing a low-valence vanadium oxide with vanadium oxytrichloride by ammonium salt precipitation and fluidization reduction, and preparing the high-purity vanadium electrolyte at a low temperature by adding a sulfuric acid solution and clean water under the conditions of ultrasound-assisted dissolution and activation. Efficient utilization of heat is achieved through heat exchange between the ammonium salt and the reduction tail gas and heat exchange between the reduction product and fluidized nitrogen gas. Ammonia gas in the reduction tail gas is recovered for precipitation of vanadium to achieve the recycling of ammonia gas. An internal member is arranged in the reduction fluidized bed to realize the precise regulation of the valence state of the reduction product.

Abstract: A system and method for producing a 3.5-valence high-purity vanadium electrolyte, comprising hydrolyzing high-purity vanadium oxytrichloride into vanadium pentoxide in a fluidized bed, and reducing vanadium pentoxide into a low-valence vanadium oxide having an average vanadium valence of 3.5 adding water and a sulfuric acid solution under a microwave field applied externally for dissolution at a low temperature, to obtain a 3.5-valence high-purity vanadium electrolyte. The preparation of vanadium pentoxide by means of gas-phase hydrolysis in the fluidized bed is of short process and high efficiency. By providing an internal member within the reduction fluidized bed, the precise regulation of the valence state of the reduction product is achieved, and the special chemical effect of the microwave field is used to promote dissolution of the vanadium oxide and activate the vanadium ions, thereby greatly improving the activity of the electrolyte.

Abstract: A system and method for preparing a high-activity specific-valence electrolyte of an all-vanadium redox flow battery. A vanadium-containing material is reduced into a low-valence vanadium oxide with an average valence in the range of 3.0-4.5 through precise control of fluidization, then water and sulfuric acid are added for dissolution, and microwave field is further adopted for activation, so as to obtain a specific-valence vanadium electrolyte. Efficient utilization of heat is achieved through heat exchange between the vanadium-containing material and reduction tail gas and heat exchange between the reduction product and fluidized nitrogen gas. An internal member and feed outlets at different heights are arranged in a reduction fluidized bed to achieve precise control over the valence state of the reduction product, and the special chemical effect of the microwave field is used to activate the vanadium ions, thereby improving the activity of the electrolyte greatly.

Abstract: The present invention provides a system and method for purifying and preparing vanadium pentoxide powder. Industrial grade vanadium pentoxide is converted to vanadium oxytrichloride by low temperature fluidizing chlorination, wherein chlorinating gas is preheated via heat exchange between fluidizing gas and chlorination flue gas, and an appropriate amount of air is added to enable a part of carbon powder to combust so as to achieve a balanced heat supply during the chlorination, thereby increasing the efficiency of chlorination and ensuring good selectivity in low temperature chlorination. The vanadium oxytrichloride is purified by rectification, and then subjected to fluidized gas phase ammonification, thereby obtaining ammonium metavanadate, and further obtaining a high-purity vanadium pentoxide powder product through fluidized calcination.

Abstract: The present invention provides a system and method for producing high-purity vanadium tetraoxide powder. Industrial grade vanadium pentoxide is converted to vanadium oxytrichloride by low temperature fluidizing chlorination, wherein chlorinating gas is preheated via heat exchange between fluidizing gas and chlorination flue gas, and an appropriate amount of air is added to enable a part of carbon powder to combust so as to achieve a balanced heat supply during the chlorination, thereby increasing the efficiency of chlorination and ensuring good selectivity in low temperature chlorination. The vanadium oxytrichloride is purified by rectification, and then subjected to fluidized gas phase hydrolyzation, thereby producing a high-purity vanadium pentoxide product and a by-product solution of hydrochloric acid, and further obtaining a high-purity vanadium tetraoxide powder product through fluidized hydrogen reduction.

Abstract: The present invention provides a system and method for producing high-purity vanadium pentoxide powder. Industrial grade vanadium pentoxide is converted to vanadium oxytrichloride by low temperature fluidizing chlorination, wherein chlorinating gas is preheated via heat exchange between fluidizing gas and chlorination flue gas, and an appropriate amount of air is added to enable a part of carbon powder to combust so as to achieve a balanced heat supply during the chlorination, thereby increasing the efficiency of chlorination and ensuring good selectivity in low temperature chlorination. The vanadium oxytrichloride is purified by rectification, and then subjected to fluidized gas phase hydrolyzation and fluidized calcination, thereby producing a high-purity vanadium pentoxide product and a by-product of hydrochloric acid solution.

Abstract: A system and method for the fluidized direct reduction of iron ore concentrate powder. A two-phase fluidized bed is used for the direct reduction of iron ore concentrate powder. Each phase of the fluidized bed is formed by a bubbling bed and a circulating bed. Use of serial-connection processing involving gas and of high-gas-velocity processing of the circulating bed increase the gas utilization rate and the reduction efficiency of single-phase reduction. Once reduced gases are subjected to preheating, each gas is sent into an initial reduction phase and a final reduction phase so as to implement reduction of minerals. Use of mixed-connection processing involving gas appropriately reduces processing pressure. Hot flue gas produced by combustion in a gas heater is sent to a mineral pre-heating system that is used for pre-heating iron ore concentrate powder.

Abstract: The present invention provides a system and method for preparing high-purity vanadium pentoxide powder. Industrial grade vanadium pentoxide is converted to vanadium oxytrichloride by low temperature fluidizing chlorination, wherein chlorinating gas is preheated via heat exchange between fluidizing gas and chlorination flue gas, and an appropriate amount of air is added to enable a part of carbon powder to combust so as to achieve a balanced heat supply during the chlorination, thereby increasing the efficiency of chlorination and ensuring good selectivity in low temperature chlorination. The vanadium oxytrichloride is subjected to purification by rectification, ammonium salt precipitation and fluidized calcination, thereby obtaining high-purity vanadium pentoxide, wherein the ammonia gas produced during calcination is condensed and then recycled for ammonium salt precipitation.

Abstract: The present invention provides a system and method for preparing high-purity vanadium pentoxide powder. Industrial grade vanadium pentoxide is converted to vanadium oxytrichloride by low temperature fluidizing chlorination, wherein chlorinating gas is preheated via heat exchange between fluidizing gas and chlorination flue gas, and an appropriate amount of air is added to enable a part of carbon powder to combust so as to achieve a balanced heat supply during the chlorination, thereby increasing the efficiency of chlorination and ensuring good selectivity in low temperature chlorination. The vanadium oxytrichloride is subjected to purification by rectification, ammonium salt precipitation and fluidized calcination, thereby obtaining high-purity vanadium pentoxide, wherein the ammonia gas produced during calcination is condensed and then recycled for ammonium salt precipitation.

Abstract: The present invention provides a system and method for producing high-purity vanadium pentoxide powder. Industrial grade vanadium pentoxide is converted to vanadium oxytrichloride by low temperature fluidizing chlorination, wherein chlorinating gas is preheated via heat exchange between fluidizing gas and chlorination flue gas, and an appropriate amount of air is added to enable a part of carbon powder to combust so as to achieve a balanced heat supply during the chlorination, thereby increasing the efficiency of chlorination and ensuring good selectivity in low temperature chlorination. The vanadium oxytrichloride is purified by rectification, and then subjected to fluidized gas phase hydrolyzation and fluidized calcination, thereby producing a high-purity vanadium pentoxide product and a by-product of hydrochloric acid solution.