Abstract: In a modular fuel cell cassette for forming a fuel cell stack, anode openings in the mounting plate and separator plate are separated and connected by modular spacer rings such that the cassette is incompressible at operating temperatures and compressive loads within the stack. The spacer rings are formed in modules wherein all of the rings required for all of the anode supply chimneys or all of the anode exhaust chimneys of any given cassette are ganged together and include a perimeter rail to which the rings are connected which automatically orients and positions the rings within the cassette during assembly thereof. The present invention eliminates the prior art need for individually positioning and spot welding each prior art ring in place prior to assembly of a prior art cassette. Two different structural embodiments for a spacer ring module are disclosed.

Abstract: A vane-type throttle valve assembly including a body having a passage therethrough and a pivotable shaft transverse of the passage and supporting a vane for variably restricting the flow of material through the passage. The shaft is disposed in opposing bores in the valve body. Each bore includes an access slot. The valve is assembled by inserting an integrated shaft and vane into the passage, engaging the ends of the shaft into the access slots, and translating the shaft ends in the access slots until the ends of the shaft are positioned in the bores. The shaft is retained in the bores by bushings inserted from outside the valve body. In a currently preferred embodiment, the access slots are formed over an angle from an axis of the bores, and the shaft ends are entered into the bores by rotating the shaft and vane about the passage axis.

Abstract: A tumble valve for variably impeding air flow in a manifold runner of an internal combustion engine. The valve includes a pivot-shaft located at or in a wall of the runner. The runner is rectanguloid in the region of the pivot-shaft, as is a damper attached along one edge to the pivot-shaft. In closed position, the valve creates a desired degree of tumble in air flowing through the runner, but in open position the shaft and damper lie against the runner wall. The improved valve thus causes no air flow restriction when the valve is open. In any partially-closed position, the lower area of the runner is always blocked because the valve pivots from below, and all air is forced up and over the upper edge of the damper. Fuel efficiency is optimized over an increased range of engine speeds.