Abstract: A LiDAR reflecting dark colored pigment includes a core layer formed from a reflecting material and a first layer formed from a first absorber material or a first dielectric material extending across the core layer. A second layer formed from a second absorber material different than the third absorber material extends across the first layer and a third layer formed from a third absorber material or a second dielectric material extends across the second layer. The third absorber material is different than the second absorber material. The LiDAR reflecting dark colored pigment reflects less than 10% of incident visible electromagnetic radiation and more than 60% of incident near-IR electromagnetic radiation with wavelengths between and including 850 nm and 950 nm for all incident angles of the visible and near-IR electromagnetic radiation between and including 0° and 45°. A color reflected by the multilayer stack has a lightness in CIELAB color space less than or equal to 40.

Abstract: A LiDAR reflecting dark colored pigment includes a core layer formed from a reflecting material and a first layer formed from a first absorber material or a first dielectric material extending across the core layer. A second layer formed from a second absorber material different than the third absorber material extends across the first layer and a third layer formed from a third absorber material or a second dielectric material extends across the second layer. The third absorber material is different than the second absorber material. The LiDAR reflecting dark colored pigment reflects less than 10% of incident visible electromagnetic radiation and more than 60% of incident near-IR electromagnetic radiation with wavelengths between and including 850 nm and 950 nm for all incident angles of the visible and near-IR electromagnetic radiation between and including 0° and 45°. A color reflected by the multilayer stack has a lightness in CIELAB color space less than or equal to 40.

Abstract: A method to evaluate, determine and optimize production parameters for a coating application of a UV cationic polymerizable coating system to a substrate is provided. The method is based on a simulation model which includes both shadow and dark cure processes. Both of an active center generation process and the active center diffusion process are mathematically described. In the model, the two processes are considered separately since they are driven by different fundamental phenomena and occur on different timescales. Evaluation or prediction of the effect of process variables on the curing of a cationic coating of a complex substrate according to the described method allows characterization and understanding of process variables which may save set-up costs and improve production efficiency.

Abstract: A coating composition may include a polyol, a silsesquioxane, a polyurethane dendrimer, a crosslinker, and a pigment in contact with a dispersing agent. A process for preparing a coating composition is further disclosed including the step of contacting a polyol, a silsesquioxane, a polyurethane dendrimer, and a crosslinker to form a coating mixture dispersed within a solvent. The process further includes adding a pigment in contact with a dispersing agent to the coating mixture, and forming a self-stratifying coating having at least one layer, wherein the pigment resides substantially within one of the at least one layer.

Abstract: A method to evaluate, determine and optimize production parameters for a coating application of a UV cationic polymerizable coating system to a substrate is provided. The method is based on a simulation model which includes both shadow and dark cure processes. Both of an active center generation process and the active center diffusion process are mathematically described. In the model, the two processes are considered separately since they are driven by different fundamental phenomena and occur on different timescales. Evaluation or prediction of the effect of process variables on the curing of a cationic coating of a complex substrate according to the described method allows characterization and understanding of process variables which may save set-up costs and improve production efficiency.

Abstract: A process for preparing a coating composition includes contacting a polyol, a silsesquioxane, a polyurethane dendrimer, and a crosslinker, wherein the polyol, the silsesquioxane, the polyurethane dendrimer, and the crosslinker are dispersed within a solvent and forming a self-stratifying coating. Further, a coating composition includes a polyol, a silsesquioxane, a polyurethane dendrimer and a crosslinker forming a mixture dispersed within a solvent.

Abstract: A coating composition may include a polyol, a silsesquioxane, a polyurethane dendrimer, a crosslinker, and a pigment in contact with a dispersing agent. A process for preparing a coating composition is further disclosed including the step of contacting a polyol, a silsesquioxane, a polyurethane dendrimer, and a crosslinker to form a coating mixture dispersed within a solvent. The process further includes adding a pigment in contact with a dispersing agent to the coating mixture, and forming a self-stratifying coating having at least one layer, wherein the pigment resides substantially within one of the at least one layer.

Abstract: A multi-layer coating for application to a substrate including a paint coating layer, a metallic coating layer, and a clear coating layer. The metallic coating layer includes chromium metallic flake pigment. The multi-layer coating may be resistant to discoloration in acids including, without limitation hydrofluoric acid, sulfuric acid, phosphoric acid and combinations thereof.

Abstract: A process for preparing a coating composition includes contacting a polyol, a silsesquioxane, a polyurethane dendrimer, and a crosslinker, wherein the polyol, the silsesquioxane, the polyurethane dendrimer, and the crosslinker are dispersed within a solvent and forming a self-stratifying coating. Further, a coating composition includes a polyol, a silsesquioxane, a polyurethane dendrimer and a crosslinker forming a mixture dispersed within a solvent.

Abstract: A multi-layer coating for application to a substrate including a paint coating layer, a metallic coating layer, and a clear coating layer. The metallic coating layer includes chromium metallic flake pigment. The multi-layer coating may be resistant to discoloration in acids including, without limitation hydrofluoric acid, sulfuric acid, phosphoric acid and combinations thereof.