Abstract: Methods and apparatus for transferring heat according to various aspects of the present invention operate in conjunction with a heat source on a substrate. In one embodiment, a lid is adapted to engage the substrate. The lid may comprise a thermally conductive rigid body and one or more hardstops configured to limit a bond line distance between the rigid body and the heat source. A thermal interface material may be disposed in the bond line between the heat source and the lid. The thermal interface material may be adapted to provide a thermally conductive adhesive bond between the lid and the heat source.