Abstract: A method of controlling an electric motor includes determining a PWM control signal, analyzing the PWM control signal to determine if components of the PWM signal are within a threshold amount of each other, applying duty-cycle blanking to the PWM control signal, if the components of the PWM control signal are within the threshold amount of each other, to generate an adjusted PWM control signal, and controlling the electric motor with the adjusted the PWM signal to limit parasitic effects.

Abstract: A method for forming a thermal and electrical path in a PCB may include forming a first removable layer over a top surface of a PCB and a second removable layer over a bottom surface of the PCB. The method may also include milling or laser drilling the PCB from the top surface to form a first cavity extending into the PCB, plating the first side panel plating the first side with a second metal to partially fill the first cavity; and milling or laser drilling from the bottom surface to form a second cavity extending into the PCB, the first cavity in a thermal communication and/or an electrical communication with the second cavity. The method may also include panel plating the first side with a second metal to fill the first cavity and the second side with the second metal to fill the second cavity, and removing the first and second removable layers from the PCB to form the PCB with a thermal and/or an electrical path comprising the first cavity and the second cavity filled with the second metal.

Abstract: A method of controlling an electric motor includes determining a PWM control signal, analyzing the PWM control signal to determine if components of the PWM signal are within a threshold amount of each other, applying duty-cycle blanking to the PWM control signal, if the components of the PWM control signal are within the threshold amount of each other, to generate an adjusted PWM control signal, and controlling the electric motor with the adjusted the PWM signal to limit parasitic effects.

Abstract: A structure and method for a circuitized substrate assembly that provides interface capability with high-density I/O devices, such as semiconductor devices, said structure and method providing enhanced capability for direct chip attach technology and for device interface board that perform functional and operational testing capability for semiconductor devices having an interconnect pitch down to 50 um or smaller.

Abstract: A glow plug control apparatus for an engine of a motor vehicle, comprising at least one glow plug; a power source to apply electric power to the at least one glow plug; and a control unit comprising a microprocessor configured and arranged to determine glow plug supply power to be applied from the power source to the at least one glow plug based on input from stored vehicle data and from a plurality of engine sensors, wherein the input includes data of engine operating parameters including fresh air intake mass airflow, intake manifold total mass airflow, intake manifold temperature, coolant temperature, glow plug temperature and total fuel injection quantity.

Abstract: A method for controlling emissions in the exhaust gas of a diesel engine, the engine having an exhaust gas recirculation (EGR) system. The engine's exhaust aftertreatment system need have only an oxidation catalyst and a particulate filter (with no NOx reduction or adsorption device). In “normal” engine conditions, the engine is operated with a lean air-fuel ratio, with “normal” engine conditions being engine conditions other than transient load increase engine conditions. Also, during normal engine conditions, the EGR system is used to reduce engine-out NOx. During transient load increase engine conditions, the engine is operated stoichiometrically or near stoichiometrically and the use of EGR is interrupted.

Abstract: Methods and systems for reducing hydrocarbon emissions from an internal combustion engine. The engine's exhaust aftertreatment system has at least a particulate matter (soot) filter and means for actively regenerating the particulate matter filter. During operation of the engine, the soot loading state of the particulate matter filter is monitored. The filter is regenerated when required, but the regeneration is controlled so that the particulate matter filter retains a small level of soot loading. This soot “pre-loading” ensures hydrocarbon reduction during the next cold start.

Abstract: The present disclosure provides a method to operate an internal combustion engine comprising storing a fueling command map having fueling index values, each of the fueling index values defining values for a plurality of fueling parameters, and a plurality of predetermined non-linear relationships that directly relate fueling index values to in-cylinder oxygen mass values; determining a temporary fueling index value; determining an in-cylinder oxygen mass value; identifying a predetermined relationship that directly relates fueling index values to in-cylinder oxygen mass values from the plurality of predetermined relationships to provide an identified predetermined relationship; determining that a current relationship of the temporary fueling index value to the calculated oxygen mass value differs from the identified predetermined relationship; and adjusting the temporary fueling index value using at least one fueling correction model to provide a revised fueling index value that approaches the identified pred

Abstract: Methods and systems for reducing hydrocarbon emissions from an internal combustion engine. The engine's exhaust aftertreatment system has at least a particulate matter (soot) filter and means for actively regenerating the particulate matter filter. During operation of the engine, the soot loading state of the particulate matter filter is monitored. The filter is regenerated when required, but the regeneration is controlled so that the particulate matter filter retains a small level of soot loading. This soot “pre-loading” ensures hydrocarbon reduction during the next cold start.

Abstract: A control system for an internal combustion engine, wherein in the control system, an in-cylinder oxygen amount is calculated and a compression end temperature, which is a temperature of the pressurized air-fuel mixture, is calculated according to an intake air temperature. A fuel injection parameter is determined according to the compression end temperature, the in-cylinder oxygen amount, and an engine rotational speed. The fuel injector is controlled based on the determined fuel injection parameter. By determining the fuel injection parameter according to the compression end temperature in addition to the in-cylinder oxygen amount, the combustion state is adjusted when the compression end temperature is low, thereby maintaining a stable combustion state.

Abstract: A glow plug control apparatus for an engine of a motor vehicle, comprising at least one glow plug; a power source to apply electric power to the at least one glow plug; and a control unit comprising a microprocessor configured and arranged to determine glow plug supply power to be applied from the power source to the at least one glow plug based on input from stored vehicle data and from a plurality of engine sensors, wherein the input includes data of engine operating parameters including fresh air intake mass airflow, intake manifold total mass airflow, intake manifold temperature, coolant temperature, glow plug temperature and total fuel injection quantity.

Abstract: A method for controlling emissions in the exhaust gas of a diesel engine, the engine having an exhaust gas recirculation (EGR) system. The engine's exhaust aftertreatment system need have only an oxidation catalyst and a particulate filter (with no NOx reduction or adsorption device). In “normal” engine conditions, the engine is operated with a lean air-fuel ratio, with “normal” engine conditions being engine conditions other than transient load increase engine conditions. Also, during normal engine conditions, the EGR system is used to reduce engine-out NOx. During transient load increase engine conditions, the engine is operated stoichiometrically or near stoichiometrically and the use of EGR is interrupted.

Abstract: The present disclosure provides a method to operate an internal combustion engine comprising storing a fueling command map having fueling index values, each of the fueling index values defining values for a plurality of fueling parameters, and a plurality of predetermined non-linear relationships that directly relate fueling index values to in-cylinder oxygen mass values; determining a temporary fueling index value; determining an in-cylinder oxygen mass value; identifying a predetermined relationship that directly relates fueling index values to in-cylinder oxygen mass values from the plurality of predetermined relationships to provide an identified predetermined relationship; determining that a current relationship of the temporary fueling index value to the calculated oxygen mass value differs from the identified predetermined relationship; and adjusting the temporary fueling index value using at least one fueling correction model to provide a revised fueling index value that approaches the identified pred

Abstract: An electronically-synchronized flap system for a fixed-wing aircraft including a first wing including a first flap panel, the first flap panel being connected with a first in-board actuator and a first out-board actuator, and a second wing including a second flap panel, the second flap panel being connected with a second in-board actuator and a second out-board actuator. In an embodiment, the system can further include an electronic control unit (ECU) configured to control the first and second in-board and out-board actuators to electronically synchronize the positions of the first and second flap panels.

Abstract: A method of reducing emissions by operating a diesel engine in a stoichiometric air-fuel ratio mode. To achieve an optimal stoichiometric mode, intake throttling, boost air intake control, fuel injection adjustments, and exhaust gas recirculation (EGR) are used. This mode of operation permits an aftertreatment system that has only an oxidation catalyst and a particulate filter.

Abstract: A system and method for using a sliding mode control algorithm to control flow rates from air handling actuators and fuel injectors of an internal combustion engine. The sliding mode control is based on an engine model that represents the engine in terms of pressure and oxygen content states of the intake and exhaust manifolds (as a linear term) and controllable flow rates (as a nonlinear term).

Abstract: A method of reducing emissions by operating a diesel engine in a stoichiometric air-fuel ratio mode. To achieve an optimal stoichiometric mode, intake throttling, boost air intake control, fuel injection adjustments, and exhaust gas recirculation (EGR) are used. This mode of operation permits an aftertreatment system that has only an oxidation catalyst and a particulate filter.

Abstract: A system and method for using a sliding mode control algorithm to control flow rates from air handling actuators and fuel injectors of an internal combustion engine. The sliding mode control is based on an engine model that represents the engine in terms of pressure and oxygen content states of the intake and exhaust manifolds (as a linear term) and controllable flow rates (as a nonlinear term).

Abstract: A method of controlling combustion of an internal combustion engine that use fuel injection and that uses lean and rich modes of operation. Combustion control values, such as for fuel injection timing and quantity are determined by a torque representative value. This value is obtained from estimated in-cylinder conditions and from engine speed.

Abstract: A method and system for estimating engine-out NOx from a diesel engine. The estimation is calculated from a mathematical model that expresses engine-out NOx as functions of cylinder pressure, intake oxygen, and effective temperature, respectively. Input data for each of these functions may be obtained from fuel quantity data and from measured data, the latter including intake pressure, cylinder pressure, intake oxygen concentration, coolant temperature, and intake manifold temperature.