Abstract: A method for manufacturing a lithium secondary battery includes preparing a battery cell, charging and discharging the battery cell under pressurization to activate the battery, and then charging is performed in a constant voltage mode. The battery cell includes a positive electrode, a negative electrode and an electrolyte, with the positive electrode containing lithium-rich manganese-based oxide in which the content of manganese in all metals excluding lithium is greater than 50 mol %, and the ratio of the number of moles of lithium to the number of moles of all metals excluding lithium (Li/Me) is greater than 1. The charging and discharging the battery cell under pressurization activates the battery. In the activating, the charging is performed in constant current mode until the charge cut-off voltage, and then the charging is performed in a constant voltage mode, and the charge cut-off voltage is greater than 4.35V.

Abstract: A bot-based role-playing method performed by a computer device comprising at least one processor configured to execute computer-readable instructions in a memory, includes: receiving, by the at least one processor, a script for an openchat; and creating, by the at least one processor, at least one character bot for role-playing in the openchat by learning at least one character included in the script through an artificial intelligence (AI) language model.

Abstract: Disclosed are a method, a computer device, and a non-transitory computer-readable record medium to display activity time information of a chatroom. An activity time information display method may include receiving a user request for activity time information of a chatroom related to an instant messenger from a user of the computer device for the chatroom related to the instant messenger and displaying the activity time information of the chatroom on a chatroom-related screen of the chatroom in response to the user request.

Abstract: Disclosed are a method, a computer device, and a non-transitory computer-readable record medium for sharing content created in another chatroom. A content sharing method may include receiving content created based on a message in a chatroom of another openchat as content of the other openchat set in openchat; and providing the content of the other openchat through at least one page of the openchat.

Abstract: A semiconductor device may include a substrate including an active pattern, a channel pattern on the active pattern and including semiconductor patterns that are vertically stacked and spaced apart from each other, a source/drain pattern connected to the semiconductor patterns, a gate electrode on the semiconductor patterns and including inner electrodes between neighboring semiconductor patterns and an outer electrode on an uppermost semiconductor pattern, and a gate contact structure electrically connected to the outer electrode. The gate contact structure may include a lower gate contact on a top surface of the outer electrode and an upper gate contact on the lower gate contact. The lower gate contact may include a first liner pattern, a first filling pattern on the first liner pattern, and a nucleation pattern between the first liner pattern and the first filling pattern. The upper gate contact may not include the nucleation pattern.

Abstract: A substrate treatment apparatus may include a chucking stage supporting a substrate, a sinusoidal generator supplying a sinusoidal wave to the chucking stage, a non-sinusoidal generator supplying a non-sinusoidal wave to the chucking stage, and a mixer between each of the sinusoidal and non-sinusoidal generators and the chucking stage. The chucking stage may include a chuck body and a plasma electrode in the chuck body. The mixer may include a high pass filter between the sinusoidal generator and the plasma electrode, a low pass filter between the non-sinusoidal generator and the plasma electrode, and a band stop filter between the low pass filter and the plasma electrode.

Abstract: An organic light emitting display device includes a storage area, a degradation compensator, and a display driver. The storage area stores accumulated data for a plurality of pixels. The degradation compensator determines degrees of degradation of the pixels based on the accumulated data, selects a flat up mode or a flat down mode, selects a reference pixel based on the selected mode, generates ratios of a maximum emission brightness of the reference pixel to a maximum emission brightness of the pixels as first coefficients, and generates modulated data for the pixels using the first coefficients and margin ratios. The panel driver transforms the modulated data to data voltages for the pixels, adds the modulated data to the accumulated data, and stores the accumulated data in the storage area.

Abstract: An organic light emitting display device includes a storage area, a degradation compensator, and a display driver. The storage area stores accumulated data for a plurality of pixels. The degradation compensator determines degrees of degradation of the pixels based on the accumulated data, selects a flat up mode or a flat down mode, selects a reference pixel based on the selected mode, generates ratios of a maximum emission brightness of the reference pixel to a maximum emission brightness of the pixels as first coefficients, and generates modulated data for the pixels using the first coefficients and margin ratios. The panel driver transforms the modulated data to data voltages for the pixels, adds the modulated data to the accumulated data, and stores the accumulated data in the storage area.