Abstract: A method according to an embodiment is for recovering a valuable metal from a waste electrode material of a lithium secondary battery by using lithium carbonate. An anode-cathode mixed electrode material that has been separated by draining, crushing, screening, and sorting a waste lithium secondary battery is preprocessed. A precipitation operation performed by adding lithium carbonate (Li2CO3) to a metal melt acquired by performing sulfuric acid dissolution using sulfuric acid. A valuable metal such as nickel, cobalt, manganese, aluminum, and copper is recovered as a residue in the form of a carbonate composite, and a lithium sulfate (Li2SO4) aqueous solution including lithium is recovered as a filtrate.

Abstract: An organic light emitting device comprising an anode, a cathode, and a light emitting layer between the anode and the cathode, the light emitting layer including a compound represented by Chemical Formula 1 and a compound represented by Chemical Formula 2, and having improved driving voltage, efficiency and lifetime is provided.

Abstract: An automated driving system of a vehicle includes a driver monitoring unit configured to perform at least one of monitoring a gaze of a driver and determining a position of a hand of the driver, an automated-driving-level switching unit configured to determine whether a transition of a driving control over the vehicle is required based on whether driving environment of the vehicle has changed during the vehicle being driven under control of the automated driving system, and determine an automated driving level to be switched based on a driver monitoring result obtained by the drive monitoring unit, and an automated driving control unit configured to control the vehicle according to the automated driving level.

Abstract: Provided is an antibacterial composition comprising at least one compound including a quaternary ammonium structure having an acrylate group or a methacrylate group, and having an antibacterial strength A of 90% or more against at least one strain selected from Gram-positive bacteria and Gram-negative bacteria, and an acute oral toxicity dose LD50 of 300 mg/Kg or more, where the antibacterial strength A equals (1?Asample/AReference)×100, where Asample equals an absorbance of an inoculated medium solution incubated with the antibacterial composition, and AReference equals an absorbance of an inoculated medium solution incubated without addition of the antibacterial composition.

Abstract: Provided is an organic light emitting device having improved driving voltage, efficiency and lifetime, the device comprising: an anode; a cathode; and a light emitting layer therebetween, wherein the light emitting layer comprises a compound of Chemical Formula 1 and a compound of Chemical Formula 2: wherein: any one of R?1 to R?12 is Chemical Formula 3, and the rest are hydrogen or deuterium: R1 is hydrogen, deuterium, or a substituted or unsubstituted C6-30 aryl or C2-60 heteroaryl containing one or more of N, O and S; Ar1, Ar2, Ar?1, and Ar?2 are each independently a substituted or unsubstituted C6-60 aryl or C2-60 heteroaryl containing one or more of N, O and S; and the other substituents are as defined in the specification.

Abstract: Provided is an organic light emitting device comprising an anode; a cathode; and a light emitting layer therebetween, the light emitting layer comprising a compound of Chemical Formula 1 and a compound of Chemical Formula 2, the device having improved driving voltage, efficiency and lifetime: wherein: any one of R?1 to R?12 is Chemical Formula 3, and the rest are hydrogen or deuterium: Ar1, Ar2, Ar?1, and Ar?2 are each independently a substituted or unsubstituted C6-60 aryl or C2-60 heteroaryl containing any one or more of N, O and S; R1 is hydrogen, deuterium, or a substituted or unsubstituted C6-60 aryl or C2-60 heteroaryl containing any one or more of N, O and S; and the other substituents are as defined in the specification.

Abstract: Provided is an organic light-emitting device having improved driving voltage, efficiency and lifespan, the device comprising an anode, a cathode, and a light emitting layer including a light emitting layer that includes a compound of Chemical Formula 1 and a compound of Chemical Formula 2 between the anode and the cathode: where Ar1 and Ar2 are each independently a substituted or unsubstituted C6-60 aryl or C2-60 heteroaryl containing at least one of N, O and S; R1 is each independently hydrogen or deuterium; R2 to R6 and R9 to R11 are each independently hydrogen or deuterium; one of R7 and R8 is ?and the other is hydrogen or deuterium; Ar3 and Ar4 are each independently a substituted or unsubstituted C6-60 aryl or C2-60 heteroaryl containing at least one of N, O and S; and the other substituents are as defined in the specification.

Abstract: Disclosed are a method for manufacturing a porous structure for lithium batteries, a porous structure for lithium batteries manufactured thereby, an anode for lithium batteries including the porous structure for lithium batteries, and a lithium battery including the same.