Abstract: A lens driving module includes a first actuator and a second actuator. The first actuator is configured to move a lens unit. The second actuator is configured to move the lens unit. The first and second actuators are connected to be movable relative to each other.

Abstract: Provided is an organic photoelectronic device including a first light-transmitting electrode positioned at a light incidence side, a second light-transmitting electrode facing the first light-transmitting electrode, a photoactive layer positioned between the first light-transmitting electrode and the second light-transmitting electrode and selectively absorbing light in a given (or, alternatively, desired or predetermined) wavelength region, and a selective light transmittance layer positioned between the first light-transmitting electrode and the photoactive layer, between the second light-transmitting electrode and the photoactive layer, or between the first light-transmitting electrode and the photoactive layer and between the second light-transmitting electrode and the photoactive layer and increasing transmittance of the light in a wavelength region other than the given (or, alternatively, desired or predetermined) wavelength region absorbed by the photoactive layer, and an electronic device including th

Abstract: Disclosed herein are an apparatus and method for controlling a lighting network. The apparatus for controlling lighting network includes a control device and a plurality of control gears. The control device generates and transfers commands to control lighting. The plurality of control gears receives the commands from the control device and control lighting. The control device assigns a right to use a lighting network to the control gears, and the control gears send information about a change in a lighting state or error details to the control device using the right to use a lighting network.

Abstract: The present invention relates to an inter-vehicle communication apparatus and method using visible light communication. The inter-vehicle communication apparatus using visible light communication includes a spreading code application unit for applying a spreading code to transmission data desired to be transmitted, and a transmission unit for generating a transmission frame based on the transmission data to which the spreading code is applied, and transmitting the transmission frame via a lighting lamp of a vehicle. The transmission frame includes a preamble field required to synchronize the transmission frame, a data field required to transmit the transmission data, and a position field required to provide hopping information of the transmission data.

Abstract: The present invention relates to an intelligent lighting control apparatus and method, which control an intelligent lighting unit including multiple sensors depending on time, place, scene, environment, or the like, based on the results of sensing by the sensors. The intelligent lighting control apparatus includes a multi-sensor unit including multiple sensors, the multi-sensor unit sensing motion of a person or an object within a set sensing area using at least one of the multiple sensors. A lighting control unit controls an operation of a lighting unit based on frequency data corresponding to results of sensing by the multi-sensor unit and a class of lighting type corresponding to the frequency data.

Abstract: An eletrophotographic image forming apparatus may include a developing unit; a toner buffer unit which feeds a toner to the developing unit, and includes an agitating member agitating the toner contained inside the toner buffer unit and a first carrying member carrying the toner contained inside the toner buffer unit to the developing unit; a toner cartridge which feeds the toner to the toner buffer unit, and includes a second carrying member carrying the toner contained inside the toner cartridge to the toner buffer unit; and a control unit which controls a first driving unit driving the second carrying member and a second driving unit driving the agitating member and the first carrying member, and the control unit includes a first feed mode, a second feed mode and a toner supplement mode.

Abstract: A display substrate includes a data pad on a base substrate, a first buffer layer which covers the data pad, a second buffer layer pattern which is disposed on the first buffer layer and separated from the data pad in a plan view, an active layer on the second buffer layer pattern, a gate insulation layer pattern on the active layer, both ends of the active layer exposed by the gate insulation layer pattern, and a gate electrode on the gate insulation layer pattern.

Abstract: An apparatus and method for controlling lighting are disclosed. The apparatus includes a reception unit, a determination unit, a state determination unit, and a lighting control command transmission unit. The reception unit receives an event message from a light sensor. The determination unit determines whether the event message is an event message attributable to a change in luminance or an event message related to a DALI system. If it is determined that the event message is the event message attributable to a change in the luminance, the state determination unit determines the luminance change state of a lit space using the event message attributable to a change in the luminance. The lighting control command transmission unit sends a lighting control command corresponding to the luminance change state using a control group address.

Abstract: A method of operating a memory system, which includes a memory controller and at least one non-volatile memory, includes storing, in the memory system, temperature-dependent performance level information received from a host disposed external to the memory system, setting an operation performance level of the memory system to a first performance level, operating the memory controller and the at least one non-volatile memory device according to the first performance level, detecting an internal temperature of the memory system, and changing the operation performance level of the memory system to a second performance level that is different from the first performance level. The operation performance level is changed by the memory controller of the memory system, and changing the operation performance level is based on the temperature-dependent performance level information and the detected internal temperature.

Abstract: A method of forming a thin film transistor array panel includes: forming a first insulating layer on a substrate; forming an amorphous carbon layer on the first insulating layer; forming a second insulating layer on the amorphous carbon layer; forming an opening in the amorphous carbon layer by patterning the second insulating layer and the amorphous carbon layer; and forming a trench in the first insulating layer by etching the first insulating layer, the etching the first insulating layer using the amorphous carbon layer including the opening as a mask.

Abstract: A shop management apparatus and method are disclosed therein. The apparatus includes an input unit, a product information management unit, a communication unit, and a shop management unit. The input unit receives product information and discount event information within a shop. The product information management unit compares the product information and the discount event information with previously stored information, sends changed product information and changed discount event information, acquired based on a result of the comparison, to a lighting control scheduler, and receives a corresponding reception Ack message. The communication unit receives VLC data and illuminance information for each light ID, corresponding to the product information and the discount event information, from a portable manager device. The shop management unit checks an error of the VLC data, checks the illuminance of a corresponding LED light within the shop based on the illuminance information, and then manages the shop.

Abstract: Disclosed herein is an apparatus and method for controlling a fault in a lighting network. The apparatus includes power selection units respectively provided in a plurality of lighting units connected to one another over a network, each power selection unit being configured to compare a reference voltage with an output voltage sensed from power supply signals input from power supply units respectively provided in a lighting unit, located ahead of a faulty lighting unit, and the faulty lighting unit if a fault occurs in the lighting unit, and to select supply power to be supplied to the faulty lighting unit. Lighting control units control driving of the faulty lighting unit using the selected supply power.

Abstract: A high speed data serial connection interface apparatus, CPRI transmitting and receiving methods thereof are disclosed. A high speed data serial connection interface apparatus according to the present invention includes: a data transmitter configured to count a continuous NCB of 0 or 1 in an input data block, select an LSI value, and perform up scaling on data in the block in accordance with the selected LSI value to transmit the data through an optical fiber in accordance with a CPRI (common public radio interface) protocol; and a data receiver configured to receive the data transmitted by the data transmitter, restore the LSI value from the received data, and perform down scaling on the received data in accordance with the restored LSI value to restore original data.

Abstract: A transmitting apparatus using visible light communication generates transmission data into a two-dimensional data code according to a predetermined code method between the transmitting apparatus and a receiving apparatus and transmits the two-dimensional data code through a plurality of light emitting diodes (LED) that are arranged in a two-dimensional form. Therefore, the receiving apparatus senses light from a plurality of LEDs as an image using an image sensor, demodulates the image into a two-dimensional data code, decodes the two-dimensional data code using a code book, and restores data.

Abstract: An individual lighting control apparatus and method are disclosed herein. The individual lighting control apparatus includes a reception unit, a terminal connection unit, a sensor unit, and a lighting environment sensing and terminal state determination unit. The reception unit receives the location information of a corresponding individual illumination light. The terminal connection unit acquires the state information of a terminal corresponding to the location information of the illumination light. The sensor unit acquires the sensor information of the set surrounding area of the terminal. The lighting environment sensing and terminal state determination unit sets operation mode based on the state of the connection with the terminal, and then monitors the state of the terminal or the state of the set surrounding area of the terminal in accordance with the set operation mode. The individual illumination light is controlled by providing state change information to a lighting control scheduler.

Abstract: A thin film transistor (TFT), method of manufacturing the TFT and a flat panel display having the TFT are disclosed. In one aspect, the TFT comprises a substrate and an active layer formed over the substrate, wherein the active layer is formed of oxide semiconductor, and wherein the active layer includes two opposing sides. The TFT also comprises source and drain regions formed at the opposing sides of the active layer, a first insulating layer formed over the active layer, a gate electrode formed over the active layer, a second insulating layer formed covering the first insulation layer and the gate electrode, and a first conductive layer formed on the source and drain regions and contacting the second insulating layer.

Abstract: Disclosed herein are a lighting switch apparatus and a lighting switching method, which can perform lighting control by blocking or passing light from a lighting device using a user's hand motion while the user may make input to a lighting switch by means of a capacitive touch on the lighting switch. The lighting switch apparatus includes a capacitive touch sensing unit for recognizing a user's touch. A hand motion visible light receiving unit receives visible light from a lighting device depending on motion of the user's hand. A control unit generates a touch-based lighting control signal based on results of touch recognition, controls the hand motion visible light receiving unit so that the user's hand motion-based signal is output based on the results of touch recognition, and generates a lighting control command by combining the lighting control signal with the user's hand motion-based signal.

Abstract: A method of forming a thin film transistor array panel includes: forming a first insulating layer on a substrate; forming an amorphous carbon layer on the first insulating layer; forming a second insulating layer on the amorphous carbon layer; forming an opening in the amorphous carbon layer by patterning the second insulating layer and the amorphous carbon layer; and forming a trench in the first insulating layer by etching the first insulating layer, the etching the first insulating layer using the amorphous carbon layer including the opening as a mask.

Abstract: A thin film transistor according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention includes an oxide semiconductor. A source electrode and a drain electrode face each other. The source electrode and the drain electrode are positioned at two opposite sides, respectively, of the oxide semiconductor. A low conductive region is positioned between the source electrode or the drain electrode and the oxide semiconductor. An insulating layer is positioned on the oxide semiconductor and the low conductive region. A gate electrode is positioned on the insulating layer. The insulating layer covers the oxide semiconductor and the low conductive region. A carrier concentration of the low conductive region is lower than a carrier concentration of the source electrode or the drain electrode.

Abstract: An apparatus and method for providing lighting content are disclosed. The apparatus for providing lighting content includes a lighting content creation control unit, a lighting content distribution/sales control unit, and a lighting content consumption control unit. The lighting content creation control unit creates lighting content. The lighting content distribution/sales control unit controls the distribution and sales of the lighting content created by the lighting content creation control unit. The lighting content consumption control unit enables the purchase of the lighting content through the lighting content distribution/sales control unit, provides the lighting content to a user, and receives user evaluation results corresponding to the lighting content from the user.