Abstract: The present disclosure relates to a liquid filtration structure with one or more macromolecule membrane structures including membrane proteins selectively permeable to water molecules and fixed within a pore. A liquid filtration structure according to an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure increases stability and durability of macromolecule membrane structures including membrane proteins selectively permeable to water molecules, and, thus, can be effectively used in a filtration device for purifying water.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method and device for distributing idle UE by a carrier in eNB of a multi-carrier based mobile communication system. The method of distributing idle UE in a multi-carrier based mobile communication system according to the present invention includes a process of determining a search rate by a carrier on the basis of information representing load on the carrier, a step of determining a cell reselection priority on the idle UE on the basis of the determined search rate, and a process of transmitting the determined cell reselection priority to the idle UE.

Abstract: A method and an apparatus for balancing a load by taking into consideration a load of each mobile communication network (Public Land Mobile Network (PLMNs)) of a network sharing architecture are provided. A base station apparatus of a communication system having a network sharing architecture capable of serving at least one mobile terminal via at least two PLMNs is provided. The apparatus includes a load calculator and a load balancing controller. The load calculator is configured to calculate respective loads of the PLMNs. When a first network of the PLMNs is overloaded, the load balancing controller is configured to balance an overload to the first network included in cells neighboring a serving cell.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method and device for distributing idle UE by a carrier in eNB of a multi-carrier based mobile communication system. The method of distributing idle UE in a multi-carrier based mobile communication system according to the present invention includes a process of determining a search rate by a carrier on the basis of information representing load on the carrier, a step of determining a cell reselection priority on the idle UE on the basis of the determined search rate, and a process of transmitting the determined cell reselection priority to the idle UE.

Abstract: A method and an apparatus for distributing a load of a base station in a wireless communication system supporting multi-carriers are provided. In the method, carriers are classified into a plurality of groups. A load of each of a plurality of cells corresponding to the plurality of groups, is determined. A cell load of each of the plurality of cells is compared with at least one threshold set in advance. When a cell load of a first cell has a value greater than the at least one threshold set in advance, a cell inside a group of the first cell or a cell inside a group different from the first cell is selected depending on the cell load of the first cell. A terminal of the first cell is allowed to perform a handover to the selected cell.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for determining a location of a User Equipment (UE) in a communication system. A Base Station (BS) connected to a plurality of antennas by cable receives from each of the antennas reception signal information related to an uplink signal transmitted from the UE, identifies an antenna having a partial service area in which the UE is located, using the reception signal information, and determines the partial service area of the identified antenna to be the location of the UE.

Abstract: A method and an apparatus are provided for reducing a delay in a wireless communication system supporting a broadcast service. A message including last timestamp information is received from one or more eNBs in a broadcast service area. An eNB is determined that has received a packet with a longest delay, among the one or more eNBs based on the last timestamp information. A new offset of a system frame number is determined using the last timestamp information of the eNB. The new offset of the system frame number is transmitted to the one or more eNBs.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method and device for distributing idle UE by a carrier in eNB of a multi-carrier based mobile communication system. The method of distributing idle UE in a multi-carrier based mobile communication system according to the present invention includes a process of determining a search rate by a carrier on the basis of information representing load on the carrier, a step of determining a cell reselection priority on the idle UE on the basis of the determined search rate, and a process of transmitting the determined cell reselection priority to the idle UE.

Abstract: Managing a tracking area list in a wireless communication system is provided. An operation of a Mobile Station (MS) includes transmitting a request for tracking area update for a 1st tracking area, receiving a tracking area list to which the 1st tracking area and a 2nd tracking area are added, and updating a stored tracking area list by the tracking area list to which the 1st tracking area and the 2nd tracking area are added.

Abstract: A location information tagging method and system for location-based services in a wireless communication system are provided. In the method, if it is determined that a service request message received from a device is being sent to an application server for providing a service based on a location of the device, location information about a base station is tagged to the service request message. The service request message with the tagged location information is transmitted to the application server. Therefore, the application server can obtain location information about the device by merely depending on the message received from the device without referring to a conventional location service server. This reduces a service response time and also rapidly offers a location-based service.

Abstract: A method and an apparatus for distributing a load of a base station in a wireless communication system supporting multi-carriers are provided. In the method, carriers are classified into a plurality of groups. A load of each of a plurality of cells corresponding to the plurality of groups, is determined. A cell load of each of the plurality of cells is compared with at least one threshold set in advance. When a cell load of a first cell has a value greater than the at least one threshold set in advance, a cell inside a group of the first cell or a cell inside a group different from the first cell is selected depending on the cell load of the first cell. A terminal of the first cell is allowed to perform a handover to the selected cell.

Abstract: A method and an apparatus for balancing a load by taking into consideration a load of each mobile communication network (Public Land Mobile Network (PLMNs)) of a network sharing architecture are provided. A base station apparatus of a communication system having a network sharing architecture capable of serving at least one mobile terminal via at least two PLMNs is provided. The apparatus includes a load calculator and a load balancing controller. The load calculator is configured to calculate respective loads of the PLMNs. When a first network of the PLMNs is overloaded, the load balancing controller is configured to balance an overload to the first network included in cells neighboring a serving cell.

Abstract: Disclosed is an energy-saving and eco-friendly filtration system which is capable of minimizing the amount of the energy required for the filtration, thereby remarkably reducing the cost of water treatment. The filtration system of the present invention comprises: a feed water tank for storing a feed water to be treated; a hollow fiber membrane module for filtering the feed water supplied from the feed water tank; and a filtrate tank for storing a filtrate produced by the hollow fiber membrane module, wherein the hollow fiber membrane module comprises a plurality of hollow fiber membranes for filtering the feed water, and the sum of head pressure of the feed water in the feed water tank and water pressure of the filtrate in accordance with siphon principle is higher than the threshold membrane pressure of the hollow fiber membranes.

Abstract: A cylindrical structure having a lumen to be implanted into a human body. The cylindrical structure has a coating layer formed on at least one part of an inner surface of either or both ends of the cylindrical structure, wherein the coating layer includes a polymer for drug release control and a bioactive material.

Abstract: A method for coating medication for a medical product is disclosed. A technique for coating gel in a viscous semisolid state is provided to facilitate coating of medication. Coating of medication on an article can be facilitated using gel, and coating of medication on an article such as an article made of silk and an article made of polypropylene can be further facilitated.

Abstract: An apparatus and method for determining a network delay and scheduling a service based on the delay are provided. The method includes determining information about a first time at which data is transmitted, determining information about a second time at which the data is received, determining a time delay using the first time and the second time, and scheduling a service based on the time delay. Because scheduling of service is based on a determined time delay, radio resources are more efficiently used.

Abstract: A local Packet Data Network (PDN) access method of a User Equipment (UE) in a wireless communication system is provided.

Abstract: A method for coating bioactive material and a structured coated with a bioactive material are disclosed. The bioactive material coating method includes: flowing a coating solution, produced as a bioactive material is dissolved in a mixed solvent, inside a structure having a lumen; and coating the bioactive material on at least one of inner and outer surfaces of the structure, with different concentrations. The mixed solvent is mixed with two or more solvents having different features. The occurrence of the strangulation of blood vessels and inflammation can be reduced. An increase in the size of the myofibroblast is not suppressed. The coating solution is produced as a medication is dissolved in a mixed solvent, where the mixed solvent is produced as a polar solvent and a nonpolar solvent are mixed with each other at a certain ratio.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method of exposing particles to cytoplasm comprising introducing particles into a live cell; allowing the live cell to contact a cytoplasm exposure additive which can expose the particles from endocytic vesicles to cytoplasm in the cell with maintaining its physiological, biochemical, or biological environment as undamaged; and allowing the particles to be exposed from the endocytic vesicles to the cytoplasm. The present invention is advantageous in that particles delivered into cells can be effectively exposed to cytoplasm from endocytic vesicles in intact cells which maintain their physiological, biochemical, or biological environment as undamaged.

Abstract: The present invention provides a method for imaging a pattern of magnetic materials in a live cell comprising: preparing a plurality of magnetic materials magnetized in a direction of a line of magnetic force by applying a magnetic field, at least one of the magnetic materials being configured into a nanoparticle and the surface of at least one of the magnetic materials being modified; introducing a plurality of the magnetic materials into each live cell; providing the live cell with a label capable of binding to the magnetic material and imaging a pattern of the magnetic materials in a direction of a line of magnetic force; allowing a bundle of the lines of magnetic force to pass through the live cell in a direction by applying a focused magnetic field to the live cell; aligning a plurality of the magnetic materials in the live cell with the direction of the line of magnetic force by the applied magnetic field; and identifying an imaged pattern of the label capable of imaging the aligned pattern of the magne