Abstract: An encoding/decoding apparatus and method for controlling a channel signal is disclosed, wherein the encoding apparatus may include an encoder to encode an object signal, a channel signal, and rendering information for the channel signal, and a bit stream generator to generate, as a bit stream, the encoded object signal, the encoded channel signal, and the encoded rendering information for the channel signal.

Abstract: An air conditioning device for a vehicle includes: a housing having an inside divided into an inflow space, a heat exchange space, and an outflow space, which are straightly arranged, and having a plurality of discharge ports, which communicates with an interior, at the inflow space; a blowing unit disposed at the inflow space of the housing and configured to blow air; a heat exchange unit disposed at the heat exchange space of the housing and configured to adjust a temperature of conditioned air by exchanging heat with air; and an opening-closing door disposed at the outflow space of the housing and configured to open and close the plurality of discharge ports such that conditioned air at an adjusted temperature selectively flows to the plurality of discharge ports. The air conditioning device adjusts the temperature of conditioned air for respective modes and reduces a flow resistance of air.

Abstract: An open channel solid state drive includes a flash memory including a first block and a controller which controls the flash memory, the controller receiving write data and a physical address of the first block from a host and attempting a write of the data in the first block. The controller generates first data which is not written in the first block among the write data when a power-off occurs during writing attempt. The write data includes the first data and second data already written in the first block. The controller determines whether successive writing of the first data in the first block is possible or impossible. If the successive writing is possible, the controller successively writes the data in the first block. If the successive writing is impossible, the host or the controller writes the first data and the second data in a second block of the flash memory.

Abstract: Disclosed herein is an air conditioner that determines the replacement time of a filter. The air conditioner may include a filter for filtering particles in air that is suctioned, a first camera disposed so as to monitor the state of the filter, and a controller for analyzing an image of the filter acquired from the first camera through a deep neural network model trained using machine learning in order to determine a pollution level of the filter. The controller may be configured to determine the time at which the filter is to be replaced based on at least the pollution level of the filter, and may be further configured to use information collected from other electronic devices in an Internet-of-Things environment connected as a 5G communication environment in order to determine the time at which the filter is to be replaced.

Abstract: An open channel solid state drive includes a flash memory including a first block and a controller which controls the flash memory, the controller receiving write data and a physical address of the first block from a host and attempting a write of the data in the first block. The controller generates first data which is not written in the first block among the write data when a power-off occurs during writing attempt. The write data includes the first data and second data already written in the first block. The controller determines whether successive writing of the first data in the first block is possible or impossible. If the successive writing is possible, the controller successively writes the data in the first block. If the successive writing is impossible, the host or the controller writes the first data and the second data in a second block of the flash memory.

Abstract: An open channel solid state drive includes a flash memory including a first block and a controller which controls the flash memory, the controller receiving write data and a physical address of the first block from a host and attempting a write of the data in the first block. The controller generates first data which is not written in the first block among the write data when a power-off occurs during writing attempt. The write data includes the first data and second data already written in the first block. The controller determines whether successive writing of the first data in the first block is possible or impossible. If the successive writing is possible, the controller successively writes the data in the first block. If the successive writing is impossible, the host or the controller writes the first data and the second data in a second block of the flash memory.

Abstract: An open channel solid state drive includes a flash memory including a first block and a controller which controls the flash memory, the controller receiving write data and a physical address of the first block from a host and attempting a write of the data in the first block. The controller generates first data which is not written in the first block among the write data when a power-off occurs during writing attempt. The write data includes the first data and second data already written in the first block. The controller determines whether successive writing of the first data in the first block is possible or impossible. If the successive writing is possible, the controller successively writes the data in the first block. If the successive writing is impossible, the host or the controller writes the first data and the second data in a second block of the flash memory.

Abstract: Disclosed herein is an air conditioner that determines the replacement time of a filter. The air conditioner may include a filter for filtering particles in air that is suctioned, a first camera disposed so as to monitor the state of the filter, and a controller for analyzing an image of the filter acquired from the first camera through a deep neural network model trained using machine learning in order to determine a pollution level of the filter. The controller may be configured to determine the time at which the filter is to be replaced based on at least the pollution level of the filter, and may be further configured to use information collected from other electronic devices in an Internet-of-Things environment connected as a 5G communication environment in order to determine the time at which the filter is to be replaced.

Abstract: Disclosed are an apparatus and method for recognizing a gesture through machine learning and a deep neural network model. The gesture recognition apparatus includes an image sensor for sensing an input image, a communicator for communicating with an external server, an output unit for outputting the result of a command indicated by a gesture, and a controller. The controller is configured to process an image of a gesture in order to determine the type of the gesture, and the content of a command of the gesture, and output the result thereof when the gesture is a first type, or transmit information about the gesture to the external server through the communicator when the gesture is a second type. The gesture recognition apparatus may be connected to other electric home appliances over a 5G communication network so as to be operated in an Internet of Things (IoT) environment.

Abstract: A wafer processing apparatus includes a first tube extending in a vertical direction, a second tube arranged in the first tube and defining a reaction chamber, the reaction chamber being configured to receive a boat that holds a plurality of wafers, first and second gas nozzles in the second tube, the first and second gas nozzles being configured to supply first and second reaction gases, respectively, and being spaced apart from each other along a circumferential direction of the second tube to define a central angle of at about 50° to about 130° with respect to a center of the second tube, and an exhaust portion configured to exhaust residual gas from the reaction chamber, the exhaust portion including an exhaust slit in the second tube and an exhaust space between the first tube and the second tube.

Abstract: A method of manufacturing a contact portion is provided, which includes: forming a first signal line on a substrate (110), forming a insulating layer (140) covering the first signal line and having a contact hole (182, 185) exposing the first signal line; forming a contact layer (700) on the exposed surface of the first signal through the contact hole; and forming a second signal line (82, 190) connected to the first signal line via the contact layer. Wherein the first signal line is made of Al or Al alloy, and the second signal line is made of ITO or IZO.

Abstract: A method of producing a thin film transistor substrate to prevent an interconnection from being corroded during a dry etching process includes sequentially forming on an insulating substrate a gate interconnection, a gate insulating layer, an active layer, a conductive layer for a data interconnection, and a photoresist pattern including a first region and a second region, etching the conductive layer for the data interconnection using the photoresist pattern as an etching mask to form a conductive layer pattern for source/drain electrodes, etching the active layer using the photoresist pattern as the etching mask to form an active layer pattern, removing the second region of the photoresist pattern, dry etching the conductive layer pattern for the source/drain electrodes under the second region using the photoresist pattern as the etching mask and etching gas, etching a portion of the active layer pattern using the photoresist pattern as the etching mask, and physically removing the reaction byproduct using

Abstract: A method of manufacturing a contact portion is provided, which includes: forming a first signal line on a substrate (110), forming a insulating layer (140) covering the first signal line and having a contact hole (182, 185) exposing the first signal line; forming a contact layer (700) on the exposed surface of the first signal through the contact hole; and forming a second signal line (82, 190) connected to the first signal line via the contact layer. Wherein the first signal line is made of Al or Al alloy, and the second signal line is made of ITO or IZO.