Abstract: A gas cooker that includes a case defining an interior area, the case including an opening to the interior area; a plate covering, fully or in part, the opening of the case; a burner unit that is located in the interior area of the case, wherein the burner unit includes a heating element that is heated using gas; an operation unit that is located at a first portion of the case and that is configured to control the burner unit based on user input; an exhaust outlet that is located at a second portion of the case; and a first cooling unit that is located in the interior area of the case and that is configured to generate air flow toward the exhaust outlet is disclosed.

Abstract: An optimal zooming speed determining device includes: a storage to store a zooming speed at each position of a zoom lens; a tracking implementer to calculate a position of the zoom lens changed in a unit time at a zooming speed at each position of the zoom lens; a moving time calculator to calculate a difference between a position of a focus lens corresponding to a position of the zoom lens before the position of the zoom lens is changed and a position of the focus lens corresponding to the changed position of the zoom lens, and calculate a focus moving time by dividing the difference between positions of the focus lens by a highest moving speed of the focus lens; and a zooming speed determiner to reduce the zooming speed at each position of the zoom lens, if the focus moving time is greater than the unit time.

Abstract: Provided is an improved zoom-tracking method. A point or two points between a Wide point and a Tele point are chosen, histogram information is stored, and a distance to a subject is estimated based on the stored histogram information. A locus curve is selected based on the estimated distance to the subject, and zoom-tracking is performed along the locus curve after a zoom lens reaches a specific point.

Abstract: A cooking device includes a frame to form a cooking chamber; a burner disposed in the cooking chamber and to generate a flame for supplying heat to the cooking chamber; a burner cover in which the burner is installed and having a plate with an outlet opening through which an air passes; a fan to flow an air of the cooking chamber; and a stabilizer to reduce an influence of the air on a flame of the burner when the air of the cooking chamber passes through the outlet opening of the burner cover by the fan. The stabilizer includes: a body having an opening for air passage; a barrier extended from the body; and a fastening unit for fastening the body to the burner cover, and while the fastening unit is fastened to the burner cover, the body is spaced apart from the plate of the burner cover.

Abstract: An auto-focusing method includes dividing an image into a plurality of blocks, performing discrete cosine transform (DCT) on image data of the plurality of blocks to output a plurality of DCT blocks each comprising DCT coefficients, generating a DCT mask for selecting DCT coefficients corresponding to a selected frequency range in a DCT block among the plurality of DCT blocks, and calculating a focus value of the image by applying the generated DCT mask to the DCT block.

Abstract: A cooking apparatus includes a frame configured to form a cooking chamber; a burner cover provided inside the frame and configured to form a combustion chamber; a burner accommodated in the combustion chamber; a fan provided at an outside of the burner cover in the frame; and a fan cover configured to cover the fan and the burner cover.

Abstract: An optimal zooming speed determining device includes: a storage to store a zooming speed at each position of a zoom lens; a tracking implementer to calculate a position of the zoom lens changed in a unit time at a zooming speed at each position of the zoom lens; a moving time calculator to calculate a difference between a position of a focus lens corresponding to a position of the zoom lens before the position of the zoom lens is changed and a position of the focus lens corresponding to the changed position of the zoom lens, and calculate a focus moving time by dividing the difference between positions of the focus lens by a highest moving speed of the focus lens; and a zooming speed determiner to reduce the zooming speed at each position of the zoom lens, if the focus moving time is greater than the unit time.

Abstract: An auto-focusing method includes dividing an image into a plurality of blocks, performing discrete cosine transform (DCT) on image data of the plurality of blocks to output a plurality of DCT blocks each comprising DCT coefficients, generating a DCT mask for selecting DCT coefficients corresponding to a selected frequency range in a DCT block among the plurality of DCT blocks, and calculating a focus value of the image by applying the generated DCT mask to the DCT block.

Abstract: Provided is an improved zoom-tracking method. A point or two points between a Wide point and a Tele point are chosen, histogram information is stored, and a distance to a subject is estimated based on the stored histogram information. A locus curve is selected based on the estimated distance to the subject, and zoom-tracking is performed along the locus curve after a zoom lens reaches a specific point.

Abstract: A burner and a cooker including the burner are provided. The burner includes a burner port, an ignition unit configured to ignite a mixture gas in the burner port, a combustion member located between the burner port and the ignition unit, a plurality of combustion compartments defined by portions of the burner port and the combustion member to allow combustion of the mixture gas in the combustion compartments, and an ignition compartment defined by the remaining portions of the burner port and the combustion member to allow ignition of the mixture gas supplied from the combustion compartments, whereby a flame generated by igniting the mixture gas in the ignition compartment is propagated to the combustion compartments. The cooker includes a cooking cavity, the burner, mixing tubes for the mixture of gas, and a door closing the cooking cavity.

Abstract: A burner and a cooker including the burner are provided. The burner includes a burner port, an ignition unit configured to ignite a mixture gas in the burner port, a combustion member located between the burner port and the ignition unit, a plurality of combustion compartments defined by portions of the burner port and the combustion member to allow combustion of the mixture gas in the combustion compartments, and an ignition compartment defined by the remaining portions of the burner port and the combustion member to allow ignition of the mixture gas supplied from the combustion compartments, whereby a flame generated by igniting the mixture gas in the ignition compartment is propagated to the combustion compartments. The cooker includes a cooking cavity, the burner, mixing tubes for the mixture of gas, and a door closing the cooking cavity.

Abstract: Provided herein are improved methods of laser scribing photovoltaic structures to form monolithically integrated photovoltaic modules. The methods involve forming P1, P2 or P3 scribes by an ablative scribing mechanism having low melting, and in certain embodiments, substantially no melting. In certain embodiments, the methods involve generating an ablation shockwave at an interface of the film to be removed and the underlying layer. The film is then removed by mechanical shock. According to various embodiments, the ablation shockwave is generated by using a laser beam having a wavelength providing an optical penetration depth on the order of the film thickness and a minimum threshold intensity. In some embodiments, photovoltaic materials can be scribed using picosecond pulse widths and certain wavelength and laser fluence levels.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for protecting a diode assembly of a photovoltaic module from compressive forces, tensile forces, and solder migration by providing at least one localized glass barrier are provided. According to various embodiments, a photovoltaic module including a first encasing layer, a second encasing layer, at least one photovoltaic cell disposed between the first and second encasing layers, at least one shielded diode assembly disposed on the at least one photovoltaic cell and electrically connected to the at least one photovoltaic cell, and a pottant disposed between the at least one photovoltaic cell and the second encasing layer is provided. A localized glass barrier may be used to shield the diode assembly.

Abstract: Provided herein are improved methods of laser scribing photovoltaic structures to form monolithically integrated photovoltaic modules. The methods involve forming P1, P2 or P3 scribes by an ablative scribing mechanism having low melting, and in certain embodiments, substantially no melting. In certain embodiments, the methods involve generating an ablation shockwave at an interface of the film to be removed and the underlying layer. The film is then removed by mechanical shock. According to various embodiments, the ablation shockwave is generated by using a laser beam having a wavelength providing an optical penetration depth on the order of the film thickness and a minimum threshold intensity. In one embodiment, material including an absorber layer is scribed using an infrared laser source and a picosecond pulse width.

Abstract: A high speed and low power D/A converter which is capable of accurately outputting an analog value and implementing a high speed operation by reducing noise and errors during the conversion. The converter includes an upper current cell plate for forming analog voltages from a 126th level to a 255th level in accordance with decoding of inputted digital values by a first column decoder and a first row decoder, a lower current cell plate for forming analog voltages from a 0th level to a 125th level in accordance with decoding of the inputted digital values by a second column decoder and second row decoder, and a multiplexer for selectively outputting the analog voltage from the upper current cell plate or the lower current cell plate in accordance with a binary bit value of a most significant bit (MSB) of the inputted digital signal.

Abstract: An improved current source cell apparatus for a digital/analog converter which is capable of off-setting noises and obtaining a faster current switching by using different type current source cells which are alternately arranged, thus being well adaptable to a high frequency digital/analog converter. First current source cells receive a first bias voltage, a second bias voltage, and an inverted second voltage, respectively, and are enabled when the second bias voltage is a low level signal. A plurality of second current source cells are connected alternatingly with the first current source cells, and also receive the first bias voltage, the second bias voltage, and the inverted second bias voltage, respectively, and are enabled when the second bias voltage is a high level signal. A load resistor is commonly connected with the output terminals of the first and second current source cells through a common node, for thus obtaining an output voltage drop thereacross as an analog signal.

Abstract: An output buffer circuit for a memory device comprising a pull-up path including first and second PMOS transistors for forming two parallel charging paths, and a pull-down path including first and second NMOS transistors for forming two parallel discharging paths. The first and second PMOS transistors are selectively operated according to a level of an output voltage at an output terminal to perform a charging operation for a load capacitance connected to the output terminal. The first and second NMOS transistors are selectively operated according to the level of the output voltage at the output terminal to perform a discharging operation for the load capacitance through a lead inductance.