Abstract: A fuel cell electrode catalyst including an active complex including a cerium (Ce)-nitrogen (N) bond and having an oxygen reduction activity. Also, a method of preparing a fuel cell electrode catalyst, the method including providing a pre-catalyst including a pre-active complex having a cerium-oxygen bond; and thermally treating the pre-catalyst in the presence of a nitrogen-containing material at a temperature of from about 700° C. to about 2000° C. to prepare the electrode catalyst, the electrode catalyst including an active complex comprising a cerium-nitrogen bond. Also a fuel cell membrane-electrode assembly, the membrane-electrode assembly including: a cathode; an anode disposed opposite to the cathode; and an electrolyte membrane disposed between the cathode and the anode, at least one of the anode and the cathode including the fuel cell electrode catalyst.

Abstract: A composite including: a carbonaceous material; and a solid solution including a first metal and a cerium oxide, wherein the solid solution is disposed on the carbonaceous material.

Abstract: An electrode catalyst for a fuel cell, a membrane electrode assembly including the electrode catalyst, and a fuel cell including the electrode catalyst. The electrode catalyst has excellent electrochemical activity compared to the currently commercially available Pt/C catalyst and is much cheaper than a catalyst using platinum. The electrode catalyst includes tungsten carbide having a specific surface area of about 10 to about 30 m2/g, and a metal catalyst comprising palladium (Pd) or palladium alloy.

Abstract: An electrode catalyst for a fuel cell, the electrode catalyst including an active particle, the active particle including a core including platinum, a transition metal, and a first nonmetal element; and a shell on the core, the shell including an alloy including platinum and a second nonmetal element, wherein the first and second nonmetal elements included in the core and the shell are the same or different.

Abstract: A composite support including: an ordered mesoporous carbon including mesopores having an average diameter of about 2 nanometers to about 8 nanometers; and silicon carbide dispersed in the ordered mesoporous carbon.

Abstract: A conductive composition, a polymer obtained from the conductive composition, a method of preparing the composition, an electrode and electrolyte membrane of a fuel cell, each including at least one of the composition and the polymer, and a fuel cell including at least one of the composition and the polymer. The conductive composition includes at least one benzoxazine-based compound with a conductive functional group and a cross-linkable compound. A composition including a conductive functional group and a polymer that is a polymerization product of the composition demonstrates good resistance to chemicals, heat, and acid. An electrode for fuel cells that includes the same demonstrates improved electrical conductivity.

Abstract: A composite including a metal having oxygen-reducing activity, nitrogen and carbon, the composite comprising polyhedral particles, an electrode catalyst including the composite, a method of preparing the composite, and a fuel cell using the composite.

Abstract: An electrode catalyst for a fuel cell, the electrode catalyst including an active particle, the active particle including a core including platinum, a transition metal, and a first nonmetal element; and a shell on the core, the shell including an alloy including platinum and a second nonmetal element, wherein the first and second nonmetal elements included in the core and the shell are the same or different.

Abstract: A method of controlling a concentration of a fuel to be supplied to a stack of a fuel cell system, the method including determining a reference concentration of the fuel to be supplied to the stack when the stack is in a normal mode, monitoring temperature of the stack, and controlling the concentration of the fuel to be supplied to the stack, based on a result of the monitoring the temperature of the stack.

Abstract: An electrode catalyst for fuel cell, a method of preparing the electrode catalyst, a membrane electrode assembly including the electrode catalyst, and a fuel cell including the membrane electrode assembly. The electrode catalyst includes a crystalline catalyst particle incorporating a precious metal having oxygen reduction activity and a Group 13 element, where the Group 13 element is present in a unit lattice of the crystalline catalyst particle.

Abstract: An electrode catalyst for a fuel cell includes a complex support including at least one metal oxide and carbon-based material; and a palladium (Pd)-based catalyst supported by the complex support. A method of manufacturing the electrode catalyst includes dissolving a precursor of a palladium (Pd)-based catalyst in a solvent and preparing a mixture solution for a catalyst; adding a complex support including at least one metal oxide and a carbon-based material to the mixture solution for a catalyst and stirring the mixture solution to which the complex support is added; drying the mixture solution for a catalyst, to which the complex support is added, in order to disperse the precursor of the Pd-based catalyst on the complex support; and reducing the precursor of the Pd-based catalyst dispersed on the complex support. A fuel cell includes the electrode catalyst.

Abstract: A composite electrolyte membrane for a fuel cell with a controlled phosphoric acid-based material retention ratio. The composite electrolyte membrane includes an electrolyte membrane containing a compound having a phosphoric acid-based material-containing functional group. Also disclosed are a method for manufacturing the composite electrolyte membrane, and a fuel cell including the composite electrolyte membrane.

Abstract: A fuel cell electrode catalyst including an active complex including a cerium (Ce)-nitrogen (N) bond and having an oxygen reduction activity of at least 1 milliampere per square centimeter at 0.5 volts versus a reversible hydrogen electrode.

Abstract: An electrode catalyst for a fuel cell, wherein the electrode catalyst includes an active particle including: a core including an alloy represented by Formula 1 PdCuaMb??Formula 1 wherein M is a transition metal, 0.05?a?0.32, and 0<b?0.2; and a shell including a Pd alloy on the core.

Abstract: Electrode catalysts for fuel cells, a method of manufacturing the same, a membrane electrode assembly (MEA) including the same, and a fuel cell including the MEA are provided. The electrode catalysts include a first catalyst alloy containing palladium (Pd), cobalt (Co), and phosphorus (P), a second catalyst alloy containing palladium (Pd) and phosphorus (P), and a carbon-based support to support the catalysts.

Abstract: A composite support including: an ordered mesoporous carbon including mesopores having an average diameter of about 2 nanometers to about 8 nanometers; and silicon carbide dispersed in the ordered mesoporous carbon.

Abstract: Provided are a CNT-mesoporous silica composite, a CNT-mesoporous carbon composite, a supported catalyst using the CNT-mesoporous carbon composite as a support, and a fuel cell using the supported catalyst as the anode, cathode, or both anode and cathode. The CNT-mesoporous carbon composite is prepared using the CNT-mesoporous silica composite. The CNT-mesoporous carbon composite has a high electrical conductivity due to the CNTs contained therein, and thus, when the CNT-mesoporous carbon composite is used in an electrode of a fuel cell, the fuel cell has a remarkably improved performance relative to the conventional catalyst support which does not contain CNTs.

Abstract: Provided are a CNT-mesoporous silica composite, a CNT-mesoporous carbon composite, a supported catalyst using the CNT-mesoporous carbon composite as a support, and a fuel cell using the supported catalyst as the anode, cathode, or both anode and cathode. The CNT-mesoporous carbon composite is prepared using the CNT-mesoporous silica composite. The CNT-mesoporous carbon composite has a high electrical conductivity due to the CNTs contained therein, and thus, when the CNT-mesoporous carbon composite is used in an electrode of a fuel cell, the fuel cell has a remarkably improved performance relative to the conventional catalyst support which does not contain CNTs.

Abstract: Non-platinum (Pt) electrode catalysts for fuel cells, methods of manufacturing the same, and fuel cells including the non-Pt electrode catalysts. Each of the non-Pt electrode catalysts for fuel cells includes at least palladium (Pd) and iridium (Ir), and further includes a metal, oxide of the metal, or mixture thereof for compensating for the activity of Pd and Ir.

Abstract: An electrode catalyst for fuel cell, a method of preparing the electrode catalyst, a membrane electrode assembly including the electrode catalyst, and a fuel cell including the membrane electrode assembly. The electrode catalyst includes a crystalline catalyst particle incorporating a precious metal having oxygen reduction activity and a Group 13 element, where the Group 13 element is present in a unit lattice of the crystalline catalyst particle.