Abstract: The disclosure relates to a functional interphase stabilizer for a battery having an organic nonaqueous solvent and a lithium salt in solution with the organic nonaqueous solvent. The disclosure also relates to a battery having an anode, a cathode, a separator, a functional interphase stabilizer having an organic nonaqueous solvent, and a lithium salt in solution with the organic nonaqueous solvent. The disclosure also relates to a method of making a functional interphase stabilizer including the steps of providing an organic nonaqueous solvent, adding a lithium salt to the organic nonaqueous solvent, and mixing the organic nonaqueous solvent and the lithium salt to form a solution.

Abstract: A hybrid electrode and a method of preparing the same are provided. The hybrid electrode includes a substrate, a one-dimensional electrical nanosized conductor of anhydrous ruthenium dioxide or anhydrous iridium dioxide, and a hydrous ruthenium dioxide filled in the one-dimensional electrical nanosized conductor. The hybrid electrode further includes a metal layer formed by reduction of a part of the one-dimensional nanostructure. The hybrid electrode provides high power and high capacitance in a limited space.