Abstract: A fuel nozzle having a flow pathway including a smooth, sharp, or mitered bend prior to a nozzle tip is provided. The fuel nozzle injects fuel into a combustion chamber with an even flow distribution of the fuel and substantially reduces undesirable acoustic resonance encountered in a fuel nozzle body in a combustion system.

Abstract: A method for creating a highly breathable and waterproof fabric based on hydrophobic plastic (such as PVDF) as a membrane layer. This new fabric allows higher water vapor throughput and better water resistance than other PVDF and ePTFE membranes. This is achieved through control of pore size, thus creating a spongy porous structure, pre-stressing to make the membrane and subsequent laminated fabric soft, and a microscopically folded structure which increases the surface area for the porous media, thus gaining higher throughput, waterproofness and comfort. In addition, the invention provides a method of controlling pore size distribution, increased porosity and pre-stress relief during the gelation process.

Abstract: System, methods and apparatus for dynamic control of mixing of diluent and fuel at desired diluent-to-fuel ratios to obtain low level of undesirable emissions in a combustion system are described.

Abstract: A fuel nozzle having a flow pathway including a smooth, sharp, or mitered bend prior to a nozzle tip is provided. The fuel nozzle injects fuel into a combustion chamber with an even flow distribution of the fuel and substantially reduces undesirable acoustic resonance encountered in a fuel nozzle body in a combustion system.

Abstract: System, methods and apparatus for dynamic control of mixing of diluent and fuel at desired diluent-to-fuel ratios to obtain low level of undesirable emissions in a combustion system are described.

Abstract: A method for creating a highly breathable and waterproof fabric based on hydrophobic plastic (such as PVDF) as a membrane layer. This new fabric allows higher water vapor throughput and better water resistance than other PVDF and ePTFE membranes. This is achieved through control of pore size, thus creating a spongy porous structure, pre-stressing to make the membrane and subsequent laminated fabric soft, and a microscopically folded structure which increases the surface area for the porous media, thus gaining higher throughput, waterproofness and comfort. In addition, the invention provides a method of controlling pore size distribution, increased porosity and pre-stress relief during the gelation proces.

Abstract: An Advanced Cheng Combined Cycle engine is a combination of the Cheng Cycle or the Advanced Cheng Cycle and a combined cycle, and serves to further enhance the power generation capability of either the Cheng Cycle, the Advanced Cheng Cycle, or the combined cycle alone. A gas turbine is provided, having a turbine generating power, a compressor receiving power from the turbine, and a combustion chamber to which is input compressed air from the compressor along with fuel and combustion products for producing energy to drive the turbine, the gas turbine producing a hot stream gas. A heat recovery steam generator receives hot stream gas produced by the gas turbine and generates high-pressure steam therefrom. A steam turbine receives and is driven by high-pressure steam generated by the heat recovery steam generator. The steam turbine bleeds intermediate-pressure steam for cooling the turbine and for injection back into the combustion chamber of the gas turbine.

Abstract: A steam injection nozzle system for injecting steam into a combustion liner of a gas turbine for enhancing power output and efficiency of the gas turbine. The combustion liner has a plurality of dilution holes for supplying air to a combustion chamber to create turbulence. A steam manifold surrounds the combustion liner and has a plurality of steam injection nozzles, each steam injection nozzle being disposed opposite a corresponding dilution hole, without touching the combustion liner, for injecting the steam directly into the combustion liner through the dilution holes. The steam is injected without altering an existing amount of air through the plurality of dilution holes, resulting in a constant amount of air through the plurality of dilution holes independent of the amount of steam injected therein within a predetermined range of steam. The predetermined range of steam injected may be between approximately 9% and approximately 35%, inclusive, of the air flowing through the combustion liner.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for reducing emissions in combustion systems, particularly gas turbines. A mixture of diluent and fuel is created, wherein the diluent and the fuel are at a predetermined diluent-to-fuel ratio. The mixture is homogenized to create a homogenized mixture having a uniform concentration distribution of the diluent and the fuel at the predetermined diluent-fuel ratio. Thereafter, the homogenized mixture is introduced into a flame zone and the homogenized mixture is combusted.

Abstract: A power generator in which the rotor's mechanical rotation speed and the output frequency can be varied substantially independently of each other through electronic controls, to achieve results such as better match between speed and load regime of the primary mover and the generator's output.

Abstract: A steam injection nozzle system for injecting steam into a combustion liner of a gas turbine for enhancing power output and efficiency of the gas turbine. The combustion liner has a plurality of dilution holes for supplying air to a combustion chamber to create turbulence. A steam manifold surrounds the combustion liner and has a plurality of steam injection nozzles, each steam injection nozzle being disposed opposite a corresponding dilution hole, without touching the combustion liner, for injecting the steam directly into the combustion liner through the dilution holes. The steam is injected without altering an existing amount of air through the plurality of dilution holes, resulting in a constant amount of air through the plurality of dilution holes independent of the amount of steam injected therein within a predetermined range of steam. The predetermined range of steam injected may be between approximately 9% and approximately 35%, inclusive, of the air flowing through the combustion liner.

Abstract: An Advanced Cheng Combined Cycle engine is a combination of the Cheng Cycle or the Advanced Cheng Cycle and a combined cycle, and serves to further enhance the power generation capability of either the Cheng Cycle, the Advanced Cheng Cycle, or the combined cycle alone. A gas turbine is provided, having a turbine generating power, a compressor receiving power from the turbine, and a combustion chamber to which is input compressed air from the compressor along with fuel and combustion products for producing energy to drive the turbine, the gas turbine producing a hot stream gas. A heat recovery steam generator receives hot stream gas produced by the gas turbine and generates high-pressure steam therefrom. A steam turbine receives and is driven by high-pressure steam generated by the heat recovery steam generator. The steam turbine bleeds intermediate-pressure steam for cooling the turbine and for injection back into the combustion chamber of the gas turbine.

Abstract: A concept of pulse input thermal energy to induce a rapid volume change in a vessel is introduced to provide rapid pressure raise as a means to inject fuel into internal combustion engines. A computer and sensors are incorporated to provide pulse width, height and multiple pulse using engine conditions such as RPM, exhaust pollution and efficiency, etc. as control parameters.

Abstract: A rotating field, synchronized electric generator or motor in which the magnetic field that the armature produces can rotate relative to the stator at a speed significantly different from that of the armature, under electronic or other control that obviates the need for a mechanical torque-carrying gearbox that can be used for a similar purpose in a synchronized generator or motor.

Abstract: A steam-injected free-turbine type of gas turbine is disclosed. In order to avoid the necessity of redesigning the compressor/core turbine, the shaft of the core turbine is modified to provide additional load output. As steam is injected into the system the resulting excess power of the core turbine is taken out of the system by coupling the compressor output shaft with a load. Thus, the core turbine operates as a single shaft turbine in addition to the existing power turbine. A control provides control of the load output of the two turbine output shafts so that the compressor/turbine stays in the matched operating domain.

Abstract: A composite membrane structure is used in a distillation apparatus and method. The composite membrane separates a distilland and a distillate, such as salt water and fresh water. The composite membrane comprises a thin lyophobic microporous layer of membrane and a thin lyophilic layer of membrane. Evaporation and condensation takes place within the micropores of the lyophobic membrane. The lyophilic layer prevents intrusion of distilland into the pores of the lyophobic layer.

Abstract: The steam control valve for a waste heat boiler in a Cheng Dual Fluid Cycle (DFC) engine is located between the evaporator and superheater sections. In this location it maximizes the temperature of the superheater steam to provide maximum waste heat recovery.

Abstract: An improved system of transferring heat energy from a high temperature fluid to a low temperature fluid is described. A countercurrent heat exchanger is employed in which heat transfer fluids undergo one or more thermodynamic transitions at various pressures by employing conventional heat exchangers having additional components. It has been determined that by employing this system of the present invention under a critical choice of design parameters, a substantially greater amount of heat energy can be transferred per unit area of the heat exchanger than was possible by conventional techniques.

Abstract: A system for measuring fluid velocity in a turbulently flowing fluid including a sensing apparatus for dynamically sensing the mainstream and two orthogonal cross velocity components of the fluid and a transducer operative to provide three electrical output signals representative of the velocity components in the mainstream and in the cross directions. Signal processors can be utilized to derive the Reynolds stress wave and the Reynolds stress.

Abstract: A heat engine provides work output from a first working fluid operating in essentially a Brayton-type thermodynamic cycle and from a second working fluid operating essentially in a Rankine-type thermodynamic cycle, the two working fluids interacting with each other so that the work output of the two working fluids, working in parallel during the conversion of heat energy to work, is compounded.