Abstract: Provided is a formulation that can improve all of transdermal absorbability of an active ingredient, immediate effect in transdermal absorption, and reduction of skin irritation, to high levels. A formulation containing: a base; and a core-shell structure having a core portion containing an active ingredient and a shell portion containing a surfactant; in which the core portion is a solid, the surfactant contains a compound having two or more fatty acid bonds and a compound having one fatty acid bond, and a proportion of the compound having two or more fatty acid bonds in the surfactant is 5% by weight or more and 75% by weight or less.

Abstract: Provided is a core-shell structure that can achieve both improvement in transdermal absorption of an active ingredient and reduction in skin irritation at a high level. A core-shell structure 10 includes: a core portion 11 containing an active ingredient, the core portion being solid; and a shell portion 12 containing both a first surfactant having a melting point of less than 35° C. and a second surfactant having a melting point of 35° C. or more, the first surfactant and the second surfactant each having an HLB value of 4 to 14, the first surfactant and the second surfactant each containing at least one selected from the group consisting of sorbitan fatty acid esters, glycerin fatty acid esters, propylene glycol fatty acid esters, and fatty acid alkanolamides.

Abstract: Provided is an adhesive composition capable of improving both the transdermal absorbability of the active ingredient and adhesive properties such as holding power. An adhesive composition containing: a core-shell structure including a core portion containing an active ingredient, and a shell portion covering at least part of a surface of the core portion and containing a surfactant; a first elastomer; and a second elastomer different from the first elastomer, the adhesive composition having a difference between the SP value of the first elastomer and the SP value of the second elastomer of 0.1 or more and 3.0 or less.

Abstract: Provided is an external skin preparation capable of enhancing permeability of an active ingredient into parts of the epidermis located below the stratum corneum and the dermis even when a poorly water-soluble active ingredient is used. There is provided an external skin preparation containing a core-shell structure, comprising a core portion containing a poorly water-soluble active ingredient and a solubilizing agent, and a shell portion containing a surfactant. The solubilizing agent is at least one selected from the group consisting of cyclodextrin, methyl-cyclodextrin, dimethyl-cyclodextrin, 2-hydroxypropyl-cyclodextrin, hydroxyethyl-cyclodextrin, sulfobutyl ether-cyclodextrin, glucosyl-cyclodextrin, maltosyl-cyclodextrin and cluster dextrin. The surfactant is at least one selected from the group consisting of glycerol fatty acid esters, sorbitan fatty acid esters, propylene glycol fatty acid esters and fatty acid alkanolamides.

Abstract: When a distance between an end portion of a brazing material and a downward extended line of a side surface of an insulating substrate is taken as “a”, and a distance between an end portion of a solder resist on the side of a solder and the downward extended line of the side surface of the insulating substrate is taken as “b”, the positional relationship a<b is satisfied. The position of the end portion of the solder is regulated by the solder resist, and the position of the end portion of the brazing material on the side of the side surface of the insulating substrate is closer to the side of the side surface of the insulating substrate than to the position of the end portion of the solder on the side of the side surface of the insulating substrate.

Abstract: Provided is a core-shell structure having an excellent immediate effect in transdermal absorption of an active ingredient. A core-shell structure comprising a core portion containing an active ingredient, and a shell portion containing a surfactant having an HLB value of 4 to 14, the core portion being solid, and the surfactant containing a saturated hydrocarbon group having 7 to 15 carbon atoms or an unsaturated hydrocarbon group having 7 to 17 carbon atoms.

Abstract: Provided is an external skin preparation capable of enhancing permeability of an active ingredient into parts of the epidermis located below the stratum corneum and the dermis even when a poorly water-soluble active ingredient is used. There is provided an external skin preparation comprising a poorly water-soluble active ingredient and a solubilizing agent, wherein the solubilizing agent is at least one selected from the group consisting of water-soluble polymers, water-soluble saccharides, water-soluble surfactants and aromatic carboxylic acids.

Abstract: A particle comprising a first fraction containing an active ingredient and a second fraction containing a surfactant, and having a number average particle diameter of from 1 to 100 nm.

Abstract: Problem to be Solved There is provided a formulation including a particle containing an active ingredient and a surfactant, wherein morphological stability is excellent. Solution A particle containing an active ingredient, a surfactant and a pH adjuster.

Abstract: An acoustic emission wave detection system and an acoustic emission wave detector are provided. The acoustic emission wave detection system includes an acoustic emission wave detector, a photoelectric converter, and a determination processor. The acoustic emission wave detector includes a housing, an optical fiber that guides light from a wideband light source into the housing, and an FBG housed in the housing and having a diffractive grating that reflects light guided into the housing. The FBG is fixed on a side of the other end in the housing such that the light guided into the housing is received by one end thereof. An acoustic emission wave from a high-voltage apparatus is received by the other end thereof. Due to the insulation resistance of the FBG, the acoustic wave detector can be installed close to or in contact with the high-voltage apparatus without introducing discharges or noise from the high-voltage apparatus.

Abstract: Provided are an active ingredient-containing particle with improved shape retainability. The particle includes a first fraction containing an active ingredient, a second fraction containing a surfactant, and at least one water-soluble polymer selected from the group consisting of a polysaccharide and a polymer having 2-methacryloyloxyethyl phosphorylcholine as a constituent unit.

Abstract: When a distance between an end portion of a brazing material and a downward extended line of a side surface of an insulating substrate is taken as “a”, and a distance between an end portion of a solder resist on the side of a solder and the downward extended line of the side surface of the insulating substrate is taken as “b”, the positional relationship a<b is satisfied. The position of the end portion of the solder is regulated by the solder resist, and the position of the end portion of the brazing material on the side of the side surface of the insulating substrate is closer to the side of the side surface of the insulating substrate than to the position of the end portion of the solder on the side of the side surface of the insulating substrate.

Abstract: Provided is a core-shell structure having an excellent immediate effect in transdermal absorption of an active ingredient. A core-shell structure comprising a core portion containing an active ingredient, and a shell portion containing a surfactant having an HLB value of 4 to 14, the core portion being solid, and the surfactant containing a saturated hydrocarbon group having 7 to 15 carbon atoms or an unsaturated hydrocarbon group having 7 to 17 carbon atoms.

Abstract: Provided are an active ingredient-containing particle with improved shape retainability. The particle includes a first fraction containing an active ingredient, a second fraction containing a surfactant, and at least one water-soluble polymer selected from the group consisting of a polysaccharide and a polymer having 2-methacryloyloxyethyl phosphorylcholine as a constituent unit.

Abstract: An object of the present invention is to prevent a particle including a first fraction containing an active ingredient and a second fraction containing a surfactant from bleeding out from the base phase of an external preparation. The external preparation comprises a particle including a first fraction containing an active ingredient and a second fraction containing a surfactant, and a base phase containing a gelatinous liquid component.

Abstract: A particle comprising a first fraction containing an active ingredient and a second fraction containing a surfactant, and having a number average particle diameter of from 1 to 100 nm.

Abstract: An acoustic emission wave detector includes a housing, an optical fiber that guides light from a wideband light source into the housing, and an FBG housed in the housing and having a diffractive grating that reflects light guided into the housing. The FBG is fixed on a side of the other end in the housing such that the light guided into the housing is received by one end thereof. An acoustic emission wave from a high-voltage apparatus is received by the other end thereof.

Abstract: It is an object of the present invention is to provide a polylactic acid resin composition in which a crystal nucleator appropriate for accelerating crystallization of polylactic acid rein is added. A polylactic acid resin composition comprising a polylactic acid resin, and a metal salt of a phosphorus compound of formula (I) wherein R1 and R2 may be the same or different and are hydrogen atom, C1-10alkyl or C2-10alkoxycarbonyl, or a polylactic acid resin composition comprising a polylactic acid resin, and a metal salt of a phosphorus compound of formula (II) wherein R3, R4, R5 and R6 may be the same or different and are hydrogen atom, C1-10alkyl or C2-10alkoxycarbonyl. The composition is excellent in heat resistance and forming processability.