Abstract: In a transmission grating as a dispersive element, diffraction efficiency is enhanced and manufacturing costs are considerably reduced. A dispersive element includes resin members for forming a diffraction grating, being composed of a plurality of diffraction grating members having a cross-sectional shape respectively surrounded by two straight lines such as a triangular shape, and metal members as light-shielding members each being formed on corresponding one of the diffraction grating members at one side of the diffraction grating member along any of the straight line and the curved line of the cross-sectional shape of the diffraction grating member formed by the resin member. The metal members are configured to reduce zero-order transmitted light with respect to incident light, and to enhance diffraction efficiency of first-order transmitted light.

Abstract: In a transmission grating as a dispersive element, diffraction efficiency is enhanced and manufacturing costs are considerably reduced. A dispersive element includes resin members for forming a diffraction grating, being composed of a plurality of diffraction grating members having a cross-sectional shape respectively surrounded by two straight lines such as a triangular shape, and metal members as light-shielding members each being formed on corresponding one of the diffraction grating members at one side of the diffraction grating member along any of the straight line and the curved line of the cross-sectional shape of the diffraction grating member formed by the resin member. The metal members are configured to reduce zero-order transmitted light with respect to incident light, and to enhance diffraction efficiency of first-order transmitted light.

Abstract: A Partially-Overlapped Block (POB) code used in an encoding and decoding method in which a plurality of different block codes are combined so that the block codes partially overlap one another. A method for recovering a plurality of packets by using a loss correction capability of this encoding method in which a larger number of packets than the number of added redundant packets per frame are recovered, by reusing redundant information of neighboring frames effectively, without increasing the asymptotic complexity of its decoding algorithm.

Abstract: In a transmission grating as a dispersive element, diffraction efficiency is enhanced and manufacturing costs are considerably reduced. A dispersive element includes resin members for forming a diffraction grating, being composed of a plurality of diffraction grating members having a cross-sectional shape respectively surrounded by two straight lines such as a triangular shape, and metal members as light-shielding members each being formed on corresponding one of the diffraction grating members at one side of the diffraction grating member along any of the straight line and the curved line of the cross-sectional shape of the diffraction grating member formed by the resin member. The metal members are configured to reduce zero-order transmitted light with respect to incident light, and to enhance diffraction efficiency of first-order transmitted light.

Abstract: A method, a hardware product, and a computer program product for performing high data rate wireless transmission and reception. Minimum shift-keyed (MSK) data is transmitted by multiplexing a first MSK data stream and a second MSK data stream wherein the first MSK data stream is substantially 90-degree phase-shifted with respect to the second MSK data stream. The transmitted MSK data is received by performing phase recovery and demodulation using an FM discriminator having a demodulation circuit for implementing a 45-degree phase shift prior to demodulation.

Abstract: A method and circuitry for detecting a frequency offset (?) between data at a transmission symbol rate (fTx) transmitted from a transmitter and a reception sampling frequency (fRx) operating in a receiver on the basis of hard decision based on a binary number in the receiver. The receiver uses a converter to make binary hard decisions performs n times oversampling, then obtains a symbol decision value, calculates a timing correlation value for each plurality of partition phases, and calculates a cumulative timing correlation value for a specific period or number of additions. The receiver determines whether its sampling frequency is higher or lower than a correct symbol rate, appropriately shifts a sampling position, and makes reception while maintaining the correct sampling position thereby enables data deviation caused by a frequency offset to be compensated on the fly.

Abstract: A radio receiver including a sampling unit, a provider, an arithmetic operation unit, an estimator, and a converter. The sampling unit samples a baseband signal transmitted from the radio transmitter, at a fractional multiple of a symbol rate, and generates fractional-multiple-sampling data. The provider provides reference data in which the known symbol sequence arranged in a frame by the radio transmitter is interpolated at a rate of the fractional multiple. The arithmetic operation unit performs an arithmetic operation for evaluation data in which the degree of consistency in waveform between the fractional-multiple-sampling data and the reference data is evaluated. The estimator estimates a reference timing from a shift amount at which the evaluation data shows the maximum degree of consistency in waveform. The converter converts the fractional-multiple-sampling data by using the reference timing as a reference thereby recovering the data having the symbol rate.

Abstract: A method and circuit that gives a sequence pattern that represents directions of positive and negative transitions of the phase that continue over a predetermined number from a certain reference symbol to an adjoining next reference symbol; finds (heuristically) one or more interpolate symbols that meet conditions (such as standards for power spectra) of a predetermined frequency spectrum, i.e., band, and a predetermined (range of) amplitude with reference to the given sequence pattern; and stores the found sequence pattern and a phase value and an amplitude value corresponding to the found one or more interpolate symbols in a memory as a lookup table against the prepared memory area.

Abstract: In a transmission grating as a dispersive element, diffraction efficiency is enhanced and manufacturing costs are considerably reduced. A dispersive element includes resin members for forming a diffraction grating, being composed of a plurality of diffraction grating members having a cross-sectional shape respectively surrounded by two straight lines such as a triangular shape, and metal members as light-shielding members each being formed on corresponding one of the diffraction grating members at one side of the diffraction grating member along any of the straight line and the curved line of the cross-sectional shape of the diffraction grating member formed by the resin member. The metal members are configured to reduce zero-order transmitted light with respect to incident light, and to enhance diffraction efficiency of first-order transmitted light.

Abstract: In a transmission grating as a dispersive element, diffraction efficiency is enhanced and manufacturing costs are considerably reduced. A dispersive element includes resin members for forming a diffraction grating, being composed of a plurality of diffraction grating members having a cross-sectional shape respectively surrounded by two straight lines such as a triangular shape, and metal members as light-shielding members each being formed on corresponding one of the diffraction grating members at one side of the diffraction grating member along any of the straight line and the curved line of the cross-sectional shape of the diffraction grating member formed by the resin member. The metal members are configured to reduce zero-order transmitted light with respect to incident light, and to enhance diffraction efficiency of first-order transmitted light.

Abstract: In a transmission grating as a dispersive element, diffraction efficiency is enhanced and manufacturing costs are considerably reduced. A dispersive element includes resin members for forming a diffraction grating, being composed of a plurality of diffraction grating members having a cross-sectional shape respectively surrounded by two straight lines such as a triangular shape, and metal members as light-shielding members each being formed on corresponding one of the diffraction grating members at one side of the diffraction grating member along any of the straight line and the curved line of the cross-sectional shape of the diffraction grating member formed by the resin member. The metal members are configured to reduce zero-order transmitted light with respect to incident light, and to enhance diffraction efficiency of first-order transmitted light.

Abstract: In a transmission grating as a dispersive element, diffraction efficiency is enhanced and manufacturing costs are considerably reduced. A dispersive element includes resin members for forming a diffraction grating, being composed of a plurality of diffraction grating members having a cross-sectional shape respectively surrounded by two straight lines such as a triangular shape, and metal members as light-shielding members each being formed on corresponding one of the diffraction grating members at one side of the diffraction grating member along any of the straight line and the curved line of the cross-sectional shape of the diffraction grating member formed by the resin member. The metal members are configured to reduce zero-order transmitted light with respect to incident light, and to enhance diffraction efficiency of first-order transmitted light.

Abstract: In a transmission grating as a dispersive element, diffraction efficiency is enhanced and manufacturing costs are considerably reduced. A dispersive element includes resin members for forming a diffraction grating, being composed of a plurality of diffraction grating members having a cross-sectional shape respectively surrounded by two straight lines such as a triangular shape, and metal members as light-shielding members each being formed on corresponding one of the diffraction grating members at one side of the diffraction grating member along any of the straight line and the curved line of the cross-sectional shape of the diffraction grating member formed by the resin member. The metal members are configured to reduce zero-order transmitted light with respect to incident light, and to enhance diffraction efficiency of first-order transmitted light.

Abstract: In a transmission grating as a dispersive element, diffraction efficiency is enhanced and manufacturing costs are considerably reduced. A dispersive element includes resin members for forming a diffraction grating, being composed of a plurality of diffraction grating members having a cross-sectional shape respectively surrounded by two straight lines such as a triangular shape, and metal members as light-shielding members each being formed on corresponding one of the diffraction grating members at one side of the diffraction grating member along any of the straight line and the curved line of the cross-sectional shape of the diffraction grating member formed by the resin member. The metal members are configured to reduce zero-order transmitted light with respect to incident light, and to enhance diffraction efficiency of first-order transmitted light.

Abstract: A prism sheet, including a reflective surface having a first side formed by at least a small curvature surface and a surface different from the small curvature surface, and a second side formed by a planar surface.

Abstract: A prism sheet changes a direction of light propagation by reflecting light launched with an intensity distribution of a predetermined angle range wherein: a reflective surface for perfect reflection of light includes a higher order surface constructed by at least a small curvature surface and a surface different from the small curvature surface.

Abstract: A method, a hardware product, and a computer program product for performing high data rate wireless transmission and reception. Minimum shift-keyed (MSK) data is transmitted by multiplexing a first MSK data stream and a second MSK data stream wherein the first MSK data stream is substantially 90-degree phase-shifted with respect to the second MSK data stream. The transmitted MSK data is received by performing phase recovery and demodulation using an FM discriminator having a demodulation circuit for implementing a 45-degree phase shift prior to demodulation.

Abstract: An inspection method includes an array process of forming a TFT array on a substrate to fabricate an active matrix panel, an inspection process of carrying out performance inspection of the fabricated active matrix panel, and a cell process of mounting an OLED on the active matrix panel judged as non-defective in the inspection process. In the inspection process, a counter electrode is disposed in the vicinity of a plane, where an OLED connection electrode is exposed, of the active matrix panel fabricated in the array process so as to observe an electric current flowing on a pixel subject to measurement which constitutes the active matrix panel.

Abstract: [Objective] Providing a prism sheet, a back-light unit using the prism sheet, and a transmission type liquid crystal display device. [Means to Solve Problems] The prism sheet according to the present invention is the prism sheet 10 for changing a direction of light propagation by reflecting light L launched with an intensity distribution of a predetermined angle range wherein: a reflective surface for perfect reflection of light L comprises a higher order surface 18 constructed by at least a small curvature surface and a surface different from the small curvature surface. Further, the present invention provides the back-light unit comprising the above-described prism sheet and the transmission type liquid crystal display device.

Abstract: An inspection method includes an array process of forming a TFT array on a substrate to fabricate an active matrix panel, an inspection process of carrying out a performance test on the fabricated active matrix panel, and a cell process of mounting an OLED on the active matrix panel after the inspection process. In the inspection process, variation in parasitic capacitance through a pixel electrode is measured when driving TFTs constituting the active matrix fabricated in the array process are turned on and when the driving TFTs are turned off, and open/short defects in the driving TFTs are thereby inspected.