Abstract: An ink contains water, a coloring material, a resin, and an organic solvent, wherein the dried layer of the ink has a surface free energy ?S having a polar component ?Sp of from 3.5 to 20 J/m2 at 25 degrees C.

Abstract: In a vehicular control apparatus, a minimum operating voltage of a first characteristic device is set to be lower than a minimum operating voltage of a second characteristic device. A supply voltage controller is provided between a controller and the second characteristic device to prevent an occurrence of a situation where a supply voltage of a device power supplied to the second characteristic device becomes less than an input voltage of a signal line of a control signal transmitted from the controller to the second characteristic device.

Abstract: Cosmetics that impart physical resilience and visually smooth-textured appearance to skin, by forming a non-sticky, flexible, and rupture-free makeup film on skin. The solution to the problem is a cosmetic containing cellulose nanofibers having an average fiber diameter of 10 to 1000 nm, in addition to a thickening stabilizer.

Abstract: In a vehicular control apparatus, a minimum operating voltage of a first characteristic device is set to be lower than a minimum operating voltage of a second characteristic device. A supply voltage controller is provided between a controller and the second characteristic device to prevent an occurrence of a situation where a supply voltage of a device power supplied to the second characteristic device becomes less than an input voltage of a signal line of a control signal transmitted from the controller to the second characteristic device.

Abstract: An oil-in-water eyelash cosmetic containing (A) 1 to 40% by mass based on solid content of a film-forming polymer emulsion (A) containing an emulsion of a copolymer of ethylenically unsaturated carboxylic acid monomer and styrene monomer (a-1), 0.1 to 10% by mass of a nonionic surfactant having an HLB value of 6 to 12 (B); and (C) 1 to 40% by mass of a wax is provided. The oil-in-water eyelash cosmetic can be readily removed with warm water without using a special remover, while having good properties in water resistance, curling effect and curl-retaining effect.

Abstract: In a fine silver particle dispersing solution wherein 30 to 75% by weight of fine silver particles, which are coated with an organic acid having a carbon number of 5 to 8 or a derivative thereof and which have an average particle diameter of 1 to 100 nm, are dispersed in a water-based dispersion medium which is a solvent containing water as a main component, the fine silver particle dispersing solution containing ammonia and nitric acid, there is added 0.15 to 0.6% by weight of a surface regulating agent, which preferably contains a polyether-modified polydimethylsiloxane and a polyoxyethylene alkyl ether or a polyether, or 0.005 to 0.6% by weight of an antifoaming agent which is preferably a silicone antifoaming agent.

Abstract: An RFID tag substrate contains a paper substrate having an eluted chloride ion amount per unit mass (1 g) of 0.100 mg or less, having formed on a surface thereof a conduction circuit. A specimen of the paper substrate is broken into small pieces each of 100 mm2 or less. The small pieces are immersed in a polypropylene vessel having 50 mL of water with an electric conductivity of 0.2 mS/m or less. After standing, the water is filtered with a membrane filter to recover a filtrate and the filtrate is analyzed by an ion chromatography method to obtain a chloride ion (Cl?) concentration in the filtrate, from which a total chloride ion amount eluted into 50 mL of the water is obtained, and is divided by the mass (g) of the specimen to provide a value, which is designated as the eluted chloride ion amount per unit mass.

Abstract: In a fine silver particle dispersing solution wherein 30 to 75% by weight of fine silver particles, which are coated with an organic acid having a carbon number of 5 to 8 or a derivative thereof and which have an average particle diameter of 1 to 100 nm, are dispersed in a water-based dispersion medium which is a solvent containing water as a main component, the fine silver particle dispersing solution containing ammonia and nitric acid, there is added 0.15 to 0.6% by weight of a surface regulating agent, which preferably contains a polyether-modified polydimethylsiloxane and a polyoxyethylene alkyl ether or a polyether, or 0.005 to 0.6% by weight of an antifoaming agent which is preferably a silicone antifoaming agent.