Abstract: A toner includes a binder resin; a release agent; and two or more inorganic fine particles as external additives. At least one of the inorganic fine particles is silica. When an ultrasonic oscillation is applied to a dispersion including the toner and a dispersant and a rate of the silica releasing from the toner is 20% based on total silica, an application energy of the ultrasonic oscillation is from 8 to 14 kJ, and from 70 to 130 kJ when the rate of the silica releasing from the toner is 50%.

Abstract: A clutch mechanism is configured to selectively change between a first power transmission path and a second power transmission path. The first power transmission path is configured to transmit torque to an output shaft via a transmission mechanism. The second power transmission path is configured to transmit the torque to the output shaft via a continuously variable transmission mechanism. An electronic control unit is configured to: (a) selectively change a power transmission path during traveling to one of the first power transmission path and the second power transmission path by controlling the clutch mechanism; and (b) in changing the power transmission path by controlling the clutch mechanism, control an operating point of the internal combustion engine during a change of the power transmission path so that the operating point crosses over an optimum fuel, consumption line of the internal combustion engine.

Abstract: A controller for a vehicle transmission in which a continuously variable transmission mechanism able to continuously change its speed ratio and a transmission mechanism having a constant speed ratio are provided in parallel between an input shaft and an output shaft. The transmission includes a friction engagement mechanism and an intermeshing engagement mechanism, the intermeshing engagement mechanism being arranged in series with the friction engagement mechanism, the intermeshing engagement mechanism setting the transmission mechanism to a state where torque is transmittable between the input and output shaft, in changing to a state where the intermeshing engagement mechanism is engaged and the transmission mechanism is able to transmit torque to the output shaft, a torque capacity of the friction engagement mechanism is configured to be increased to a torque capacity to such extent that the transmission mechanism rotates without a delay of start of engagement of the intermeshing engagement mechanism.

Abstract: A liquid crystal display includes: a first substrate; a gate line and a data line disposed on the first substrate; a passivation layer disposed on the gate line and the data line; a first electrode and a second electrode disposed on the passivation layer; and a first insulating layer interposed between the first and second electrodes, where the first and second electrodes overlap each other via the first insulating layer, the second electrode includes a plurality of branch electrodes, and an end portion of the plurality of branch electrodes includes a first side portion and a second side portion extending parallel to the data line, and an oblique portion which connects the first side portion and the second side portion to each other and forms a first angle of less than 90 degrees with an extending line of the first side portion.

Abstract: In order to propose a new negative electrode for nonaqueous electrolyte secondary batteries having excellent dispersibility even with a negative electrode active material having a relatively small particle size, there is proposed a negative electrode active material for nonaqueous electrolyte secondary batteries, the negative electrode active material containing silicon and having negative electrode active material particles that have a D50 based on a volume-based particle size distribution obtainable by measurement by a laser diffraction scattering type particle size distribution analysis method, of 0.1 ?m to 5.0 ?m, and include a surface layer containing oxygen, silicon and carbon on the entire surface or a portion of the active material surface.

Abstract: When there is a failure in a speed ratio control linear solenoid valve, or the like, a controller for a vehicle power transmission system establishes a state where torque is transmitted via a gear mechanism, and, in this state, determines whether the speed ratio control linear solenoid valve, or the like, has returned to a normal state by comparing a target speed ratio and actual speed ratio of a continuously variable transmission with each other. It is determined whether the speed ratio control linear solenoid valve, or the like, has returned to the normal state by changing the target speed ratio of the belt-type continuously variable transmission and then comparing the target speed ratio with the actual speed ratio. Thus, when the speed ratio control linear solenoid valve, or the like, has returned from a fail-safe state to the normal state, a feeling of strangeness of a driver is suppressed.

Abstract: A liquid crystal display includes: a first substrate; a gate line and a data line disposed on the first substrate; a passivation layer disposed on the gate line and the data line; a first electrode and a second electrode disposed on the passivation layer; and a first insulating layer interposed between the first and second electrodes, where the first and second electrodes overlap each other via the first insulating layer, the second electrode includes a plurality of branch electrodes, and an end portion of the plurality of branch electrodes includes a first side portion and a second side portion extending parallel to the data line, and an oblique portion which connects the first side portion and the second side portion to each other and forms a first angle of less than 90 degrees with an extending line of the first side portion.

Abstract: [It is an object] to provide an organic electroluminescent element with which the initial durability of the element can be greatly improved while maintaining the efficiency of the element at a high level. This is an organic electroluminescent element having an anode, a hole injection layer, a first hole transport layer, a second hole transport layer, a light-emitting layer, and a cathode, in this order, with this organic electroluminescent element being such that the aforementioned hole injection layer includes a material for which the energy of the lowest unoccupied molecular orbital (LUMO) is less than ?4.0 eV and also such that the energy E1(LUMO) of the LUMO of the material included in the aforementioned first hole transport layer and the energy E2(LUMO) of the LUMO of the material included in the aforementioned second hole transport layer satisfy [the inequality] E1(LUMO)>E2(LUMO).

Abstract: An image forming apparatus includes an image forming device to form a cleaning toner image in a cleaning region on a cleaning sheet and a check toner image in a check region on the cleaning sheet. The image forming apparatus further includes a fixing device including a first rotator and a heater to heat the first rotator to a cleaning temperature that is lower than a fixing temperature to which the first rotator is heated in a print job and higher than a cold offset temperature at which toner adheres to the first rotator by cold offset. Each of the cleaning region and the check region has a length greater than a circumferential length of the first rotator. The cleaning region and the check region are disposed at a leading section and a trailing section of the cleaning sheet in a cleaning sheet conveyance direction, respectively.

Abstract: A toner including a binder resin, wherein a toner extract obtained by drying an extraction liquid obtained through Soxhlet extraction of the toner with tetrahydrofuran (THF) has glass transition temperature Tg in a range of from 35° C. through 55° C., and a moisture-content change rate of the toner extract before and after leaving the toner extract to stand for 3 days in an environment of 40° C. and 70% RH is 0.5% or less, and wherein a specific-surface-area change rate of the toner before and after leaving the toner to stand for 3 days in an environment of 40° C. and 70% RH is in a range of from 15% through 50%.

Abstract: Toner including binder resin; wherein the toner, as measured by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), has glass transition temperature in range of 40° C. through 70° C. at first temperature rising and has no glass transition temperature in range of X° C. through X?20° C. at second temperature rising where X° C. denotes the glass transition temperature at the first temperature rising, the toner has difference of 30 or less between maximum value and minimum value among peak intensities in range of Molecular weight M±300 where Molecular weight M is molecular weight selected from range of 300 through 5,000 in molecular weight distribution of THF-soluble components in the toner as measured by GPC, and the peak intensities are defined as relative values assuming the maximum peak value in molecular weights of 20,000 or less is 100, in molecular weight distribution curve taking intensity as vertical axis and molecular weight as horizontal axis as measured by GPC.

Abstract: A toner including a binder resin and a release agent, wherein the toner has a component soluble in a 50% by mass aqueous methanol solution in an amount of 0.10% by mass to 0.60% by mass, and wherein the toner has a flowing-out beginning temperature (Tfb) of 55.0° C. to 100.0° C. as determined by a flowtester method.

Abstract: An ink adsorption layer formation step for forming an ink adsorption layer by screen-printing a liquid or pasty binder composition for ink adsorption layer formation on a required portion of a textile fiber product directly or via another layer, and an inkjet step for forming an image by applying, using an inkjet process, an aqueous pigment ink to an ink adsorption layer formed through the ink adsorption layer formation step are present, and the binder composition for ink adsorption layer formation contains inorganic porous microparticles having a specific surface area of not less than 200 m2/g to adsorb the aqueous pigment ink applied using the inkjet process.

Abstract: A liquid crystal display device includes a first substrate including at least one electrode configured to form an electric field, a second substrate facing the first substrate, and a liquid crystal layer disposed between the first substrate and the second substrate. The liquid crystal layer includes liquid crystal of negative dielectric anisotropy, an additive, and a derivative of the additive.

Abstract: A pixel portion includes a plurality of first pixel rows and a plurality of second pixel rows each being arranged so as to be adjacent to the first pixel row. Among the first pixel row and the second pixel row arranged so as to be adjacent to each other, during at least a part of a period from an end of the electric charge accumulation period in the second pixel row until an end of an output period in which signals from pixels in the first pixel row are output, electric charges accumulated in photoelectric conversion units of pixels in the second pixel row are reset.

Abstract: A liquid crystal display includes: a first substrate; a gate line and a data line disposed on the first substrate; a passivation layer disposed on the gate line and the data line; a first electrode and a second electrode disposed on the passivation layer; and a first insulating layer interposed between the first and second electrodes, where the first and second electrodes overlap each other via the first insulating layer, the second electrode includes a plurality of branch electrodes, and an end portion of the plurality of branch electrodes includes a first side portion and a second side portion extending parallel to the data line, and an oblique portion which connects the first side portion and the second side portion to each other and forms a first angle of less than 90 degrees with an extending line of the first side portion.

Abstract: A control system and a control method for a vehicle, the vehicle includes an engine, an input shaft, an output shaft, a continuously variable transmission section, a stepped transmission section and a clutch mechanism, and a control device. The continuously variable transmission section and the stepped transmission section are provided between the input shaft and the output shaft. The clutch mechanism is provided in a torque transmission path between the stepped transmission section and drive wheels. The control device is configured to disengage the clutch mechanism in a case where a vehicle speed is at least equal to a specified value and the engine is stopped.

Abstract: A control device for vehicle is includes: transmission mechanism capable of setting fixed transmission gear ratio; continuously variable transmission provided in parallel with transmission mechanism; and path switching mechanism for selectively blocking torque transmission path that includes transmission mechanism and that is configured to dampen vibration.

Abstract: A vehicle control system and method is applied to a vehicle including: a continuously variable transmission for changing a speed ratio continuously that is disposed between an input shaft and an output shaft; a geared transmission that is disposed parallel to the continuously variable transmission, and that is adapted to establish a speed ratio that cannot be established by the continuously variable transmission; and a friction clutch that is brought into engagement to switch a torque transmission route from a route including the geared transmission to a route including the continuously variable transmission. The vehicle control system is configured to start a speed change operation of the continuously variable transmission before a commencement of clutch-to-clutch shifting between the friction clutches when switching the torque transmission route from the route including the geared transmission to the route including the continuously variable transmission.

Abstract: A controller for a vehicle transmission in which a first transmission path including a first transmission mechanism that is able to continuously change its speed ratio and a second transmission path including a second transmission mechanism having a set speed ratio different from that of the first transmission mechanism are provided in parallel with each other between an input shaft to which torque is input from a driving force source of a vehicle and an output shaft that outputs torque to an output member, the vehicle transmission carrying out transmission of power between the input shaft and the output shaft via one of the first transmission path and the second transmission path, includes: performing means for carrying out a change shift for changing a path of the transmission of power between the first transmission path and the second transmission path by engaging a predetermined clutch mechanism; and setting means for setting a change speed ratio region that defines a range of a speed ratio of the first t