Abstract: The present invention provides a RO membrane or a FO membrane comprising a coating layer made of a phospholipid bilayer membrane and formed on a surface of a porous membrane body, having a high water permeate flow rate and salt rejection performance, the membrane being a permselective membrane comprising a porous membrane having a pore size of 5 nm to 50 nm and a coating layer made of a phospholipid bilayer and formed on a surface of the porous membrane, wherein (i) the phospholipid bilayer comprises phospholipid, amphotericin B, and ergosterol; (ii) a content of the amphotericin B is 3 to 20 mol % based on the phospholipid bilayer; (iii) a total content of the ergosterol and the amphotericin B in the phospholipid bilayer is 10 to 30 mol %.

Abstract: Provided is a vehicle body frame structure which can reduce a burden in assembly of a straddle-type vehicle. The structure comprises a head pipe; and a pair of main frames extending rearward from the head pipe and outward in a vehicle width direction such that the main frames are spaced apart from each other in the vehicle width direction. Rear portions of the pair of main frames are detachably coupled to each other in the vehicle width direction via a coupling member. The pair of main frames include a pair of front frame members including respective first mounts to which a drive unit of the vehicle is mounted, and a pair of respective rear frame members located rearward relative to the front frame members. The pair of rear frame members have a stiffness lower than that of the front frame members in the vehicle width direction.

Abstract: A straddle-type vehicle includes a front cowling covering a front portion of a vehicle body; and an aerodynamic device including an aerodynamic force generating section which generates a downforce by air flowing in a rearward direction along an upper surface of the front cowling, and the aerodynamic force generating section is placed to overlap with the upper surface of the front cowling, when viewed from above.

Abstract: A straddle-type vehicle comprises a vehicle body frame; an axle which is rotatable integrally with a wheel; a swing arm having a front end portion pivotably mounted to the vehicle body frame, and a rear end portion to which the axle is rotatably mounted; a first coupling member to which rotational driving power from a driving source is transmitted is coaxially, rotatably mounted to the axle via a bearing; and a second coupling member coaxial with the axle and including a joining portion non-rotatably joined to the axle, a fitting portion fitted to the first coupling member via a buffering member, and a coupling portion for coupling the joining portion to the fitting portion, wherein the coupling portion is placed axially outward relative to the first coupling member, and the joining portion extends from axially outside between the first coupling member and the axle.

Abstract: A component mounting structure of a vehicle comprises a frame assembly having a recess which is recessed in a predetermined direction; an intermediate section accommodated in the recess and removably fastened to the frame assembly; and a mounting member used to mount a first adjacent component adjacent to the frame assembly to the frame assembly, and the mounting member includes a connection element connected to the intermediate section in an inner space of the recess and a support element which is continuous with the connection element and supports the first adjacent component in a state in which the connection element is exposed outside through an opening of the recess.

Abstract: To provide a permselective membrane that includes a coating layer constituted by a phospholipid bilayer, the coating layer being capable of withstanding the pressure applied during a water treatment and being resistant to detachment and a method for producing the permselective membrane. A permselective membrane comprising a membrane main body having permselectivity and a coating layer disposed on a surface of the membrane main body, the coating layer including a phospholipid bilayer including a channel substance, wherein the phospholipid bilayer includes phospholipids that are a first phospholipid including an acyl group constituted by a fatty acid including an unsaturated fatty acid and a second phospholipid including two acyl groups each constituted by a fatty acid that is a saturated fatty acid having 16 to 24 carbon atoms.

Abstract: A straddle-type vehicle comprises a vehicle body frame including a head pipe, and a front frame extending rearward from the head pipe; a motor placed below the front frame and supported on the front frame; a control device which controls the motor; and a support member placed in front of the head pipe, the control device being fastened to the support member.

Abstract: Provided is a vehicle body frame structure which can reduce a burden in the assembly of a straddle-type vehicle. The vehicle body frame comprises a main frame; and a rear frame connected to and extending rearward from the main frame. The main frame includes first and second members which are connected to each other. The main frame includes first and second connection portions spaced apart from each other in a direction perpendicular to a vehicle width direction. The connection portions are provided at the first member and the second member, respectively. The rear frame includes a first connected portion connected to the first connection portion by a first fastener member, and a second connected portion connected to the second connection portion by a second fastener member. The restricting direction of the first fastener member is orthogonal to the restricting direction of the second fastener member.

Abstract: A motorcycle comprises a vehicle body frame; a seat mounted to the vehicle body frame and including a seat section on which a rider is seated; and a pair of rear side cowlings which are placed on right and left sides of the seat and mounted to the vehicle body frame, the pair of rear side cowlings including protruding sections, respectively, protruding farther upward than the seat section, when viewed from a side.

Abstract: A motorcycle comprises a vehicle body, a front cowling, and an ECU. A head lamp unit is placed at the front end portion of the vehicle body. The front cowling is provided at the front end portion of the vehicle body to cover the head lamp unit. The ECU is placed adjacently to the head lamp unit on the right side of the head lamp unit. The ECU is located between the front cowling and the head lamp unit.

Abstract: A vehicle body frame structure of a straddle-type vehicle comprises a head pipe into which a steering shaft connected to a handle is inserted; and a pair of main frames extending rearward and outward in a vehicle width direction from the head pipe in such a manner that the main frames are spaced apart from each other in the vehicle width direction. Each of the main frames includes an upper frame extending rearward from an upper portion of the head pipe, and a lower frame extending rearward from a lower portion of the head pipe. Between the upper frame and the lower frame, a retraction space which is located inward in the vehicle width direction relative to an end portion of the handle in a turn operation state is provided.

Abstract: Provided is a motorcycle which can provide a space inside a main frame to place other members therein, and make it difficult for an outside impact to be transmitted to a hydraulic unit. A motorcycle comprises a head pipe which supports a rotary shaft around which a handle is rotatable with respect to a vehicle body; a pair of right and left main frames extending in a forward and rearward direction from the head pipe; and a hydraulic unit mounted to one of the pair of right and left main frames, wherein the pair of right and left main frames have increased-space portions, which define a space with a dimension increasing in an obliquely rearward direction from the head pipe toward maximum-space portions of the main frames, and wherein the hydraulic unit is mounted to an outer portion of the increased-space portion of one of the main frames.

Abstract: A swingarm supporting structure can prevent rigidity of a case from becoming excessive and can improve a degree of freedom of design. The swingarm supporting structure includes: a case in which a power unit is stored; and a bracket for freely pivotally supporting a swingarm up and down through a pivot shaft. The swingarm supports an axle, and the bracket is detachably fixed to the case in a fixed direction intersecting the pivot shaft.

Abstract: A straddle-type vehicle comprises a pair of vehicle body frames arranged in a vehicle width direction of a vehicle body and extending in a vehicle length direction of the vehicle body, a fuel tank placed between the pair of vehicle body frames, a tank bracket fastened to an upper surface of the fuel tank, and a support member which couples the tank bracket to at least one of the pair of vehicle body frames. The support member includes a frame coupling section detachably coupled to a mounting section provided on at least one of the pair of vehicle body frames, and a tank coupling section placed inward in the vehicle width direction relative to the frame coupling section and detachably coupled to the tank bracket.

Abstract: A vehicle body frame structure is applied to a straddle-type vehicle in which a driving power transmission mechanism which transmits rotational power of a driving source to a rear wheel is placed on a first side in a vehicle width direction with respect to a center line of a vehicle body. The structure comprises a head pipe; and a pair of main frames extending rearward and outward in the vehicle width direction from the head pipe such that the main frames are spaced apart in the vehicle width direction. The pair of main frames include right- and left-side portions, respectively, facing the transmission mechanism in the vehicle width direction, and the right-side portion located on a second side in the vehicle width direction has a stiffness lower than that of the left-side portion located on the first side in the vehicle width direction.

Abstract: A motorcycle of the present invention comprises a vehicle body; and a protruding section which is mounted to the vehicle body such that the protruding section protrudes from the vehicle body to at least one of right and left, and the protruding section has a structure which causes air to flow from front to back along an upper surface of the protruding section to generate a force for pushing the vehicle body downward.

Abstract: Provided is a motorcycle which can provide a space inside a main frame to place other members therein, and make it difficult for an outside impact to be transmitted to a hydraulic unit. A motorcycle comprises a head pipe which supports a rotary shaft around which a handle is rotatable with respect to a vehicle body; a pair of right and left main frames extending in a forward and rearward direction from the head pipe; and a hydraulic unit mounted to one of the pair of right and left main frames, wherein the pair of right and left main frames have increased-space portions, which define a space with a dimension increasing in an obliquely rearward direction from the head pipe toward maximum-space portions of the main frames, and wherein the hydraulic unit is mounted to an outer portion of the increased-space portion of one of the main frames.

Abstract: A motorcycle comprises a vehicle body, a front cowling, and an ECU. A head lamp unit is placed at the front end portion of the vehicle body. The front cowling is provided at the front end portion of the vehicle body to cover the head lamp unit. The ECU is placed adjacently to the head lamp unit on the right side of the head lamp unit. The ECU is located between the front cowling and the head lamp unit.

Abstract: A straddle-type vehicle comprises a vehicle body frame; an axle which is rotatable integrally with a wheel; a swing arm having a front end portion pivotably mounted to the vehicle body frame, and a rear end portion to which the axle is rotatably mounted; a first coupling member to which rotational driving power from a driving source is transmitted is coaxially, rotatably mounted to the axle via a bearing; and a second coupling member coaxial with the axle and including a joining portion non-rotatably joined to the axle, a fitting portion fitted to the first coupling member via a buffering member, and a coupling portion for coupling the joining portion to the fitting portion, wherein the coupling portion is placed axially outward relative to the first coupling member, and the joining portion extends from axially outside between the first coupling member and the axle.

Abstract: A motorcycle comprises a vehicle body frame; a seat mounted to the vehicle body frame and including a seat section on which a rider is seated; and a pair of rear side cowlings which are placed on right and left sides of the seat and mounted to the vehicle body frame, the pair of rear side cowlings including protruding sections, respectively, protruding farther upward than the seat section, when viewed from a side.