Abstract: An apparatus in a surrounding liquid and methods of using same. The apparatus includes an acoustic Fresnel zone plate comprising a compliant frame, a substrate connected to the frame, and an acoustic diffraction grating connected to the substrate. The acoustic diffraction grating includes a plurality of concentric rings or a plurality of concentric islands. The substrate is acoustic-impedance-mismatched with the acoustic diffraction grating. The acoustic Fresnel zone plate includes at least one acoustic focal spot. The substrate is acoustic-impedance-mismatched with the surrounding liquid and the acoustic diffraction grating is acoustic-impedance-matched with the surrounding liquid, or the substrate is acoustic-impedance-matched with the surrounding liquid and the acoustic diffraction grating is acoustic-impedance-mismatched with the surrounding liquid.