Abstract: A surge suppressor module includes a power conductor, a ground conductor, and a housing including an opening and a plurality of dovetail groove mechanisms and arcuate ground bus bars for electrically and mechanically mounting a corresponding surge suppressor module. An alternating current surge suppressor circuit is housed by the housing. The circuit receives the power and ground conductors through the opening of the housing. The circuit electrically connects the ground conductor to the plurality of arcuate ground bus bars for electrically and mechanically mounting a corresponding surge suppressor module, in order to provide a common ground connection thereto.

Abstract: A number of surge protection device disconnector designs provide protection to a load over a full range of fault currents provide adequate surge protection as well. The designs quench arcs that may tend to occur as a result of MOV faults, thereby protecting the surrounding components.

Abstract: A surge counter/detector apparatus includes current sensors communicating with power lines to sense a surge condition. A trigger circuit communicates with the current sensors and outputs a first signal in response to the sensed surge condition. The trigger circuit is reset and enabled by a second signal in order to enable subsequent output of the first signal. A processor detects the first signal from the trigger circuit and responsively increments and displays a count value at a display. The processor provides the second signal having a first state to reset the trigger circuit and a second state to enable the trigger circuit. The processor includes a timer to vary a time between (a) detecting the first signal, and (b) resetting and enabling the trigger circuit.

Abstract: A surge suppressor module includes a power conductor, a ground conductor, and a housing including an opening and a plurality of dovetail groove mechanisms and arcuate ground bus bars for electrically and mechanically mounting a corresponding surge suppressor module. An alternating current surge suppressor circuit is housed by the housing. The circuit receives the power and ground conductors through the opening of the housing. The circuit electrically connects the ground conductor to the plurality of arcuate ground bus bars for electrically and mechanically mounting a corresponding surge suppressor module, in order to provide a common ground connection thereto.

Abstract: A meter includes an EEPROM storing a scaling factor; a divider providing a first analog voltage from an electrical system; an analog to digital converter (ADC) converting the first analog voltage to a first digital value; and a processor. The processor includes a first routine calculating the scaling factor; an input circuit for the first routine, and a second routine retrieving the scaling factor from the EEPROM and adding the scaling factor to the first digital value to provide a sum for a display. The first routine calculates the scaling factor by subtracting a second digital value from a larger third digital value, which represents a nominal voltage value. The second digital value is converted by the ADC from a second analog voltage from the divider, that receives a larger third analog voltage representing the nominal voltage value.

Abstract: A surge counter/detector apparatus includes current sensors communicating with power lines to sense a surge condition. A trigger circuit communicates with the current sensors and outputs a first signal in response to the sensed surge condition. The trigger circuit is reset and enabled by a second signal in order to enable subsequent output of the first signal. A processor detects the first signal from the trigger circuit and responsively increments and displays a count value at a display. The processor provides the second signal having a first state to reset the trigger circuit and a second state to enable the trigger circuit. The processor includes a timer to vary a time between (a) detecting the first signal, and (b) resetting and enabling the trigger circuit.

Abstract: A meter includes an EEPROM storing a scaling factor; a divider providing a first analog voltage from an electrical system; an analog to digital converter (ADC) converting the first analog voltage to a first digital value; and a processor. The processor includes a first routine calculating the scaling factor; an input circuit for the first routine, and a second routine retrieving the scaling factor from the EEPROM and adding the scaling factor to the first digital value to provide a sum for a display. The first routine calculates the scaling factor by subtracting a second digital value from a larger third digital value, which represents a nominal voltage value. The second digital value is converted by the ADC from a second analog voltage from the divider, that receives a larger third analog voltage representing the nominal voltage value.

Abstract: A surge protection device includes terminals adapted to receive a power source voltage and surge protection circuits, each of which includes a thermal fuse spring, one or more metal oxide varistors (MOVs), and one or more fuse traces corresponding to the MOVs. The thermal fuse spring, one of the fuse traces and the corresponding one of the MOVs are electrically interconnected in series between the terminals, in order to form a series electrical connection therebetween. The thermal fuse spring is adapted to disconnect the series electrical connection between the terminals under first fault conditions including a first current of first duration through one of the MOVs. The thermal fuse spring and each of the fuse traces are adapted to cooperatively disconnect a corresponding one of the series electrical connections between the terminals under second fault conditions including a second greater current of second lesser duration through one of the MOVs.

Abstract: A surge protection device includes terminals adapted to receive a power source voltage and surge protection circuits, each of which includes a thermal fuse spring, one or more metal oxide varistors (MOVs), and one or more fuse traces corresponding to the MOVs. The thermal fuse spring, one of the fuse traces and the corresponding one of the MOVs are electrically interconnected in series between the terminals, in order to form a series electrical connection therebetween. The thermal fuse spring is adapted to disconnect the series electrical connection between the terminals under first fault conditions including a first current of first duration through one of the MOVs. The thermal fuse spring and each of the fuse traces are adapted to cooperatively disconnect a corresponding one of the series electrical connections between the terminals under second fault conditions including a second greater current of second lesser duration through one of the MOVs.

Abstract: A surge suppression network for single and multiphase ac systems has a voltage clamping device connected in series with a gated crowbar device across the supply voltage in parallel with the load to be protected. A trigger circuit gates the crowbar device on in response to a specified rate of change of the supply voltage indicative of a surge. For higher levels of surge current shunting, pluralities of clamping devices and crowbar devices can be connected in parallel with a single trigger circuit simultaneously turning on all of the crowbar devices for each phase. For crowbar devices such as TRIACs with different response characteristics to positive and negative surges and for unipolar devices such as SCRs, positive and negative subnetworks are connected in anti-parallel across the load.