Abstract: Introduced here are computer programs and associated computer-implemented techniques for determining range of an object using a single camera. Specifically, an approach to utilizing a computing device to capture range-related information from an object (also called a “target”) using illumination parallax and spectral analysis of corresponding images is disclosed herein. To achieve illumination parallax, a series of illumination events may be performed in sequence, such that the target is sequentially illuminated with different ranges of electromagnetic radiation. Information regarding the target can be computed, inferred, or otherwise determined through analysis of images captured in conjunction with the illumination events.

Abstract: A ring includes a toroid having an inner portion. An adaptive force region is extending from the inner portion. The adaptive force region is operable to exhibit non-Hookean deformation.

Abstract: We disclose an in-toilet urinalysis system which includes a system for collection urine and for analysis of urine components using aptamer technology. Urine collection system may dispense urine into cuvettes, channels, or other containers that include aptamers. The aptamers may detect target molecules in urine. The aptamers may measure urine analytes, detect excreted drugs or drug metabolites, or disease markers. Upon binding to the target molecule, the aptamers may produce a signal which a sensor in the toilet may detect. In some embodiments, the signal may be electrochemical, fluorescent, or colorimetric. The measurements obtained from analysis of the urine may be used to assess a user's health or diagnose disease. In some embodiments, the measurements are stored in a controller which may transmit the measurements to a healthcare provider for assessment.

Abstract: In some embodiments, a spectrometer is presented. In accordance with some embodiments, the spectrometer includes an optical sensor array, the optical sensor array including a substrate and an array of pixels formed on the substrate; a spectral filter array formed over the pixels of the optical sensor array, the spectral filter array filtering incident light such that each pixel receives light of a spectral transmission profile associated with the pixel; a transparent spacer formed over the spectral filter array; and an opaque mask having input apertures allowing light through the transparent spacer and onto a portion of the spectral filter array. The spectrometer can be formed from the optical sensor array using a combination of photolithographic techniques and bonding of certain layers.

Abstract: A toilet seat with handles is disclosed. The handles include light transmitters and light receivers. The light transmitters and receivers may be used to determine blood oxygen saturation levels and heart rate of a toilet seat user. Ultrasonic transmitters and receivers in the toilet seat handle are also disclosed for determining bone density of a toilet seat user. The handles may be retractable and may include UV sanitation.

Abstract: We disclose an in-toilet urinalysis system which includes a system for collection urine and applying the urine to a urine test strip. The system may include an orifice within a toilet bowl which leads into a channel. The channel may be connected to a capillary which has an orifice at each end. Urine may pass through the orifice, into the channel, then may be moved by capillary action through the capillary. A urine test strip dispenser may move reaction pads on a urine test strip to the distal end of the capillary to load the reaction pads with urine. The reaction pads may absorb the urine from the most distal orifice of the capillary. A measurable chemical reaction may occur in the reaction pads in response to urine analytes.

Abstract: We disclose a device and method for collecting a urine sample as a user urinates into a toilet. The device further conducts analytical measurements which may include spectral, colorimetric, and chemical assays. The user need only urinate normally into the toilet. A urine collection trap, which includes a vertical slit, may capture a urine sample which has a volume in the microliter range. Pumps may divert the urine from the vertical slit into a conduit that is connected to spectral analysis devices and other devices for analyzing the urine sample. The disclosed device is both convenient and prevents unsanitary urine spills.

Abstract: In some embodiments, a spectrometer is presented. In accordance with some embodiments, the spectrometer includes an optical sensor array, the optical sensor array including a substrate and an array of pixels formed on the substrate; a spectral filter array formed over the pixels of the optical sensor array, the spectral filter array filtering incident light such that each pixel receives light of a spectral transmission profile associated with the pixel; a transparent spacer formed over the spectral filter array; and an opaque mask having input apertures allowing light through the transparent spacer and onto a portion of the spectral filter array. The spectrometer can be formed from the optical sensor array using a combination of photolithographic techniques and bonding of certain layers.

Abstract: An in-toilet urine sampling and measurement system is disclosed. One or more toilet sensors trigger volatilization, measurement, and analysis of volatile compounds in a urine sample. Volatile urine compounds may be concentrated, measured, and analyzed by a measurement system attached to a toilet bowl. A volatilizer system may use heat generated from one or more measurement devices to assist in volatilization of the urine sample.

Abstract: A toilet with multiple urinalysis instruments is disclosed. Two or more of the optical instruments are able to take simultaneous measurements. Optical instruments may share a common light source. One or more light source may use amplitude modulation. A cleaning jet may be used to clean and dry a surface tension urine slot. An inductive heater may be used to preheat and control urine temperature while testing the urine.

Abstract: A method of obtaining health data of a toilet user using one or more sensors is disclosed. One or more sensors are used by a toilet user while the toilet user is using the toilet to take health measurement readings of the user. Dynamic heart stress readings may be obtained and monitored over weeks, months and years. Rolling averages of heart function and heart health may be determined and deviations from the rolling averages may trigger notifications. Other health related measurements and functions such as temperature, respirations, heart rate, electrocardiogram, echocardiogram, and stethoscope sounds are also recorded and stored for trending and data analysis.

Abstract: We disclose an in-toilet urinalysis system which includes a system for collection urine and for analysis of urine components using aptamer technology. Urine collection system may dispense urine into cuvettes, channels, or other containers that include aptamers. The aptamers may detect target molecules in urine. The aptamers may measure urine analytes, detect excreted drugs or drug metabolites, or disease markers. Upon binding to the target molecule, the aptamers may produce a signal which a sensor in the toilet may detect. In some embodiments, the signal may be electrochemical, fluorescent, or colorimetric. The measurements obtained from analysis of the urine may be used to assess a user's health or diagnose disease. In some embodiments, the measurements are stored in a controller which may transmit the measurements to a healthcare provider for assessment.

Abstract: A toilet seat with handles is disclosed. The handles include light transmitters and light receivers. The light transmitters and receivers may be used to determine blood oxygen saturation levels and heart rate of a toilet seat user. Ultrasonic transmitters and receivers in the toilet seat handle are also disclosed for determining bone density of a toilet seat user. The handles may be retractable and may include UV sanitation.

Abstract: We disclose a medical toilet that includes a system for interpreting measurements collected by medical devices on or in the medical toilet and for customizing the measurements to each user. The system may use information about the user to selecting which measurements to perform, select or modify parameters that apply to the measurement techniques, and select follow-up measurements that may be performed based on the first set of measurements. These decisions may be made according to the user's physical, demographic, or medical status information that may be entered into a controller connected to the medical toilet. The controller may apply a set of rules to the measurements and thereby determine a value which provides an estimate of the validity of the measurements and which may be used to make adjustments to subsequent measurements.

Abstract: We disclose a method of tagging nutritional or drug compositions using chemical entities which are known to be safely consumed and which are detectable using known techniques, including near IR spectroscopy. The chemical entities used as tags may be detected in easily obtainable biological samples, including urine and feces. The biological sample may be deposited into a medical toilet which may analyze the biological sample using an analytical device associated with the medical toilet. The tag may be identified and quantified to then identify and quantify the nutritional or drug composition the subject consumed along with the tag. This system may be used to track the source of a food or drug, confirm compliance to a prescribed diet or drug treatment, confirm drug consumption in clinical trials, identify the source of contaminated food, and identify the food substances used to produce food products.

Abstract: We disclose a telemedicine device for tracking, dispensing, and retrieving medical supplies as well as methods of its use. The device includes a medical supply dispensing and retrieving station which includes a medical supply dispenser and medical supply receptacle. Both the medical supply dispenser and medical supply receptacle may include multiple compartments which house medical supplies. The device may include a communication port for receiving prescription information. The device includes a personal identification indicator which verifies the identity of the user and links the identity to the user's prescription information. The device may include medical devices. The medical devices may conduct measurements to confirm efficacy of a medical supply or screen for side effects. The device may confirm proper usage of a medical supply by weighing an unused portion of the medical supply and comparing it to the weight expected for the amount that should be remaining.

Abstract: We disclose a method of using taggants to assess how and to what extent a drug in a drug composition that a user has consumed has decayed in response to storage conditions and time. The taggants may decay in response to environmental conditions which cause different drugs to lose their efficacy. These environmental conditions may include light, temperature, oxidation, and age. The taggants may be detected in biological samples, including urine and feces. By identifying the taggants, the drug composition and other information relating to the drug may be identified. Additionally, quantification of the different taggants may be used to determine whether the drug in the drug composition has been exposed to environmental conditions which may reduce its efficacy.

Abstract: A synthetic aperture photoplethysmography (PPG) sensor is disclosed. A group or matrix of contiguous PPG sensors located on a toilet seat are conditionally combined based on sensor measurements. Conditional combinations may be based on timing data and signal-to-noise ratio data of each of the PPG measurements. Measurements associated with the conditional combinations are then used to determine a cardiac function of a toilet user.

Abstract: A dryer for use with a bidet is disclosed. In one embodiment, a moveable dryer wand emits an air curtain as the dryer wand moves across the bidet bowl beneath the user after cleansing. We further disclose a dryer which produces a second air current which moves air in a different direction than that emitted by the dryer wand and further controls the movement of excess water remaining on a user after cleansing. A dryer that includes moveable dryer wand used in coordination with a moveable bidet wand are also disclosed and claimed herein.