Abstract: A handheld controller for interacting with video game software and for use with video game or computer systems comprising a plurality of standard control elements, which produce data of a static nature, further comprising analog joysticks, a directional pad, pressure sensitive buttons, and digital control buttons, having an ergonomic arrangement to be actuated by the fingers and thumbs of the user and integrated into a housing having an ergonomic form designed to held by the hand or hands of the user and further integrating a “mouse-type” control element, which produces data of a dynamic nature.

Abstract: Apparatus for producing an analog signal--having a relative amplitude that is indicative of the direction and rate of rotation of a shaft--from a pair of pulse streams provided by a shaft encoder coupled to the shaft. The invention includes circuitry for comparing the phase relationship between the signals to determine direction, for generating a digital pulse of a fixed pulse-width for each pulse contained in one of the pulse streams, and integrating the time or inverted form of the digital pulse, depending upon the determined direction, to produce the analog signal.