Abstract: The invention relates to methods for producing a fermentation product from a lignocellulose-containing material comprising i) pre-treating lignocellulose-containing material; ii) hydrolyzing pre-treated lignocellulose-containing material; iii) fermenting using a fermenting organism; wherein fermentation is initiated and carried out at: a) a fermentation organism cell count in the range from 10-250×1010 cells per L fermentation medium; or b) a fermentation organism concentration in the range from 2-90 g dry weight fermenting organism per L fermentation medium.

Abstract: The present invention provides a method and apparatus for recapturing heat from a solar-assisted volatile fermentation product production process comprising harvesting a volatile fermentation product from a solar-assisted fermentation product production apparatus and utilizing a heat recovery apparatus for recapturing the heat produced during the solar-assisted fermentation product production process. The volatile fermentation product can be produced in an autotrophic organism or by a fermenting organism fermenting fermentable sugars from one or more sugar crops, starch-containing and lignocellulose-containing materials.

Abstract: The invention relates to methods for producing and harvesting ethanol from fermentable sugars derived from sugar crops, starch-containing and lignocellulose-containing materials, and apparatuses for producing and harvesting the same.

Abstract: Mutants of lactic acid bacteria including Lactococcus lactis which are defective in pyruvate formate-lyase production and/or in their lactate dehydrogenase (Ldh) production and methods of isolating such mutants or variants are provided. The mutants are useful in the production of food products or in manufacturing of compounds such as diacetyl, acetoin and acetaldehyde and as components of food starter cultures.

Abstract: Method of preventing bacteriophage infection of bacterial cultures comprising modified strains, wherein the cultures are completely resistant to bacteriophage attack and have retained their capability of being metabolically active. The method is useful in the manufacturing of food products, feed products or useful metabolite products.

Abstract: The invention relates to methods for producing a fermentation product from a lignocellulose-containing material comprising i) pre-treating lignocellulose-containing material; ii) hydrolysing pre-treated lignocellulose-containing material; iii) fermenting using a fermenting organism; wherein fermentation is initiated and carried out at: a) a fermentation organism cell count in the range from 10-250×1010 cells per L fermentation medium; or b) a fermentation organism concentration in the range from 2-90 g dry weight fermenting organism per L fermentation medium.

Abstract: A robot for medical ultrasonic examination has an articulated robot arm with a plurality of arm units (14-16), mounted one on the other to be pivotable, and a computerized system for controlling the movements of the arm, the outermost arm unit being arranged to carry a probe. The outermost arm unit has a carrying member rotatable about a longitudinal axis (IV), and carries a probe holder pivotable about a transverse axis (V) perpendicular to the longitudinal axis (IV). The probe holder has a housing rotatable about the transverse axis, and a holder sleeve rotatable about a longitudinal axis (VI). The three axes (IV, V, VI) intersect at a single point. The probe holder has an opening through which the probe can be inserted from the back and locked in position in the probe holder.

Abstract: Mutants of lactic acid bacteria including Lactococcus lactis which are defective in pyruvate formate-lyase production and/or in their lactate dehydrogenase (Ldh) production and methods of isolating such mutants or variants are provided. The mutants are useful in the production of food products or in manufacturing of compounds such as diacetyl, acetoin and acetaldehyde and as components of food starter cultures.

Abstract: Mutants of lactic acid bacteria including Lactococcus lactis which are defective in pyruvate formate-lyase production and/or in their lactate dehydrogenase (Ldh) production and methods of isolating such mutants or variants are provided. The mutants are useful in the production of food products or in the manufacturing of compounds such as diacetyl, acetoin and acetaldehyde and as components of food starter cultures.

Abstract: A robot for medical ultrasonic examination has an articulated robot arm with a plurality of arm units (14-16), mounted one on the other to be pivotable, and a computerized system for controlling the movements of the arm, the outermost arm unit being arranged to carry a probe. The outermost arm unit has a carrying member rotatable about a longitudinal axis (IV), and carries a probe holder pivotable about a transverse axis (V) perpendicular to the longitudinal axis (IV). The probe holder has a housing rotatable about the transverse axis, and a holder sleeve rotatable about a longitudinal axis (VI). The three axes (IV, V, VI) intersect at a single point. The probe holder has an opening through which the probe can be inserted from the back and locked in position in the probe holder.

Abstract: Railroad beds require regrading in order to permit for an increased axial load. There are often cables or tubes embedded in the roadbed at the roadbed sides, making regrading difficult. In accordance with the present invention, material is moved by suction to form pits at each side of the track at intervals along the railroad bed, and a laser camera is used to obtain information relating to the profile adjacent to the pits and the positions of the embedded cables or tubes. This information is saved, and used to control a device for mechanically excavating material from the railroad bed sides without damaging the embedded cables or tubes and grading the railroad bed. A laser measuring device is provided for reading the railroad bed profile.

Abstract: Mutants of lactic acid bacteria including Lactococcus lactis which are defective in pyruvate formate-lyase production and/or in their lactate dehydrogenase (Ldh) production and methods of isolating such mutants or variants are provided. The mutants are useful in the production of food products or in the manufacturing of compounds such as diacetyl, acetoin and acetaldehyde and as components of food starter cultures.

Abstract: Mutants of lactic acid bacteria including Lactococcus lactis which are defective in pyruvate formate-lyase production and/or in their lactate dehydrogenase (Ldh) production and methods of isolating such mutants or variants are provided. The mutants are useful in the production of food products or in the manufacturing of compounds such as diacetyl, acetoin and acetaldehyde and as components of food starter cultures. In particular, Lactococcus lactis DN223 deposited under the accession No. DSM 11036.

Abstract: Old railroad beds need to be regraded in order to permit for an increased axle load. There are often cables or tubes embedded in the roadbed at the roadbed sides, which makes the regrading difficult. At intervals along the bed, one removes material by suction to form pits at each side of the track, and, with a laser camera, one both reads the profile adjacent the pits and the positions of the embedded cables/tubes and saves this information, and then, by using the saved information, one controls a device for mechanically excavating material from the roadbed sides without damaging the embedded cables/tubes and grades the railroad bed. A laser measuring device (11-15) for reading the roadbed profile is described.

Abstract: A device in connection with a hand-operated working machine with a water flow directed to the working tool comprises a first control which is a control (15) for a drive motor (3) for the tool, and a second control which is a control (17) for the water supply to the tool. A water control valve (45) in a water supply conduit (14) can be adjusted to adopt chosen opening positions, and is arranged constantly to be kept open in any chosen opening position when the motor is running the tool under influence of the drive motor control. The chosen opening positions are adjustable, i.e. the through opening of the valve can be increased or decreased by using water supply control (17).

Abstract: Genetically modified lactic acid bacteria having a reduced or lacking or enhanced diacetyl reductase activity, acetoin reductase activity and/or butanediol dehydrogenase activity are provided. Such bacteria are used in starter cultures in the production of food products including dairy products where it is desired to have a high content of diacetyl and for reducing or completely removing diacetyl in beverages including beers, fruit juices and certain types of wine, where the presence of diacetyl is undesired.

Abstract: A device in connection with a cutting machine with an annular saw blade and with a driving mechanism for off-center drive of the blade. The device includes two first rollers arranged to contact and roll against the web of the saw blade on one side of the blade and two second rollers arranged to contact and roll against the web of the blade on the other, opposite side of the blade. The first rollers are mounted on a first shaft, which is movable along a path against the plane of the saw blade, perpendicularly to the centerline of the shaft, for pressing the first rollers with a certain desired force against the blade web under counter force by the second rollers on the opposite side of the blade.

Abstract: A drive wheel for off-center drive of an annular saw blade in a cutting machine, consists of at least two components, which are separable but held together during operation, namely a holding disc and a drive ring, the latter having an encircling drive groove for the inner edge of the saw blade, the drive ring being arranged radially outside a central portion of the holder disc.

Abstract: A hand-operated cutting machine comprising a rotatable saw blade (3), a machine body with drive machinery for rotation of the saw blade, a rear manoeuvring handle (20) with control (17, 18) for a drive motor (2) included in said drive machinery and a front handle bow (25) which has the form of a crow which stretches from one side of the machine body over the machine body or over the saw blade to the other side of the machine body. The handle bow is rotatably attached to the machine body in a hinge (26) with an axis of rotation (24) which is located behind the saw blade and is perpendicular to the plane of the saw blade, that both ends of the handle bow are connected to each other through said hinge, and that the handle bow is fixingly adjustable in different rotational positions.