Abstract: A transdermal drug applicator comprising at least two flexible drug reservoir units each having ends and being of a predetermined depth, and at least one medicament in at least one of the at least two reservoir units. Peripheral means are disposed entirely about the ends of the reservoir units for separating and insulating the reservoir units from each other along their predetermined depth to thereby preclude shorting out between the at least two reservoir units. Circuit means including battery means for electrically connecting the battery means to the at least two reservoir units, and means for covering the applicator including the at least two reservoir units leaving sides of the at least two reservoir units exposed for contacting the skin.

Abstract: An electrically/battery powered transdermal drug applicator comprising a flexible non-conductive substrate with a plurality of conductive coated areas, the conductive coated areas forming drug reservoir electrodes, and a plurality of drug reservoirs separated by occlusive adhesive dams and in electrical contact with said drug reservoir electrodes. The battery is connected to the electrodes of the drug reservoirs and said applicator including electrical current conditioning means, with a conformal cover adhesively secured to said transdermal drug applicator and with a release liner covering and protecting said plurality of drug reservoirs until use.

Abstract: An improved transdermal drug applicator for application to a living body for the migration of at least one medicament through the skin into the blood stream embodying at least two electrode elements forming the applicator and with the electrodes separated from each other by insulating means. A reservoir means, in at least one of said electrode elements of said applicator, containing said medicament; and a circuit, including a power source, for supplying electric power to said electrodes and such reservoir means. Suitable cover means partially enclosed at least said reservoir means, and adhesive means affixes the applicator to the skin, so as to complete an electrical circuit through the skin when the applicator is affixed thereto, thus creating at least one physico/chemical mass transfer phenomenon which causes said medicament to migrate through the skin.

Abstract: A transdermal drug applicator (100) for application to a living body for the delivery of at least one drug through the skin (144) into the bloodstream comprising an applicator (100) including at least one drug reservoir (182A,182B) containing the drug for delivering same through the skin (144) by physico/chemical mass transfer. A mounting structure (138,140) is removably mounted to the body for holding the applicator (100) to the skin (144), with the applicator (100) removably connected to the mounting structure (138,140). A power supply (166) for the applicator (100) and a circuit transmitting electrical power from the power supply (166) to the applicator (100) is disclosed, wherein an electric circuit is created between the applicator (100) and the skin (144).

Abstract: A transdermal drug applicator (100) for application to a living body for the delivery of at least one drug through the skin (144) into the bloodstream comprising an applicator (100) including at least one drug reservoir (182A,182B) containing the drug for delivering same through the skin (144) by physico/chemical mass transfer. A mounting structure (138, 140) is removably mounted to the body for holding the applicator (100) to the skin (144), with the applicator (100) removably connected to the mounting structure (138,140). A power supply (166) for the applicator (100) and a circuit transmitting electrical power from the power supply (166) to the applicator (100) is disclosed, wherein an electric circuit is created between the applicator (100) and the skin (144).

Abstract: An electrically/battery powered transdermal drug applicator comprising a flexible non-conductive substrate with a plurality of conductive coated areas, the conductive coated areas forming drug reservoir electrodes, and a plurality of drug reservoirs separated by occlusive adhesive dams and in electrical contact with said drug reservoir electrodes. The battery is connected to the electrodes of the drug reservoirs and said applicator including electrical current conditioning means, with a conformal cover adhesively secured to said transdermal drug applicator and with a release liner covering and protecting said plurality of drug reservoirs until use.

Abstract: An improved transdermal drug applicator for application to a living body for the migration of at least one medicament through the skin into the blood stream embodying at least two electrode elements forming the applicator and with the electrodes separated from each other by insulating means. A reservoir means, in at least one of said electrode elements of said applicator, containing said medicament; and a circuit, including a power source, for supplying electric power to said electrodes and such reservoir means. Suitable cover means partially enclosed at least said reservoir means, and adhesive means affixes the applicator to the skin, so as to complete an electrical circuit through the skin when the applicator is affixed thereto, thus creating at least one physico/chemical mass transfer phenomenon which causes said medicament to migrate through the skin.

Abstract: An improved transdermal drug applicator for application to a living body for the migration of at least one medicament through the skin into the blood stream embodying at least two electrode elements forming the applicator and with the electrodes separated from each other by insulating means. A reservoir means, in at least one of said electrode elements of said applicator, containing said medicament; and a circuit, including a power source, for supplying electric power to said electrodes and such reservoir means. Suitable cover means partially enclosed at least said reservoir means, and adhesive means affixes the applicator to the skin, so as to complete an electrical circuit through the skin when the applicator is affixed thereto, thus creating at least one physico/chemical mass transfer phenomenon which causes said medicament to migrate through the skin.

Abstract: A transdermal drug applicator (100) for application to a living body for the delivery of at least one drug through the skin (144) into the bloodstream comprising an applicator (100) including at least one drug reservoir (182A,182B) containing the drug for delivering same through the skin (144) by physico/chemical mass transfer. A mounting structure (138, 140) is removably mounted to the body for holding the applicator (100) to the skin (144), with the applicator (100) removably connected to the mounting structure (138,140). A power supply (166) for the applicator (100) and a circuit transmitting electrical power from the power supply (166) to the applicator (100) is disclosed, wherein an electric circuit is created between the applicator (100) and the skin (144).

Abstract: An electrophoretic/electro-osmotic transdermal drug delivery system for passing at least one drug, or therapeutic compound, through the skin membrane of a patient by way of a drug reservoir or gel for delivery to the systemic blood of a patient in selected, periodic pulsations. The system can be varied to accommodate various types of therapeutic compounds having varied characteristics and purposes. The system includes a current oscillator that applies periodic electrical variations to the system in order to trigger rhythmical variations of the potential and resistance of the skin membrane so as to cause oscillatory electro-osmotic streaming of the liquid with the therapeutic compound across the skin membrane in synchronization with the oscillator to the systemic blood of the patient in response to the rhythmical variations.

Abstract: An electrically/battery powered transdermal drug applicator comprising a flexible nonconductive substrate with a plurality of conductive coated areas, the conductive coated areas forming drug reservoir electrodes, and a plurality of drug reservoirs separated by occlusive adhesive dams and in electrical contact with said drug reservoir electrodes. The battery is connected to the electrodes of the drug reservoirs and said applicator including electrical current conditioning means, with a conformal cover adhesively secured to said transdermal drug applicator and with a release liner covering and protecting said plurality of drug reservoirs until use.

Abstract: An electrophoretic/electro-osmotic transdermal drug delivery system for passing at least one drug, or therapeutic compound, through the skin membrane of a patient by way of a drug reservoir or gel for delivery to the systemic blood of a patient in selected, periodic pulsations. The system can be varied to accommodate various types of therapeutic compounds having varied characteristics and purposes. The system includes a current oscillator that applies periodic electrical variations to the system in order to trigger rhythmical variations of the potential and resistance of the skin membrane so as to cause oscillatory electro-osmotic streaming of the liquid with the therapeutic compound across the skin membrane in synchronization with the oscillator to the systemic blood of the patient in response to the rhythmical variations.

Abstract: A transdermal applicator for attachment to the skin having at least one drug reservoir containing at least one drug, and having an electrical connection formed at a surface interface between said reservoir upon contact with said skin; means for causing said at least one drug to move through said interface transdermally and for maintaining said transdermal movement for an extended time period. The means for causing and maintaining transdermal movement including a source of varying electrical potential, said source having one terminal electrically connected to said at least one reservoir at a location away from said skin surface interface and an other terminal in circuit with said skin surface at a location away from said reservoir/skin surface interface.

Abstract: An electrical transdermal drug applicator provides enhanced drug flow to the bloodstream of the subject by delivering a primary drug into a subject's circulatory system for therapeutic purposes, and delivering from the same or other reservoir a non-therapeutic counteracting agent to the skin of the patient which induces flow enhancement and allows delivery of the primary drug systemically over a longer period of time and in greater quantity than heretofore appeared possible using electric current.

Abstract: An electrophoretic/electro-osmotic transdermal drug delivery system for passing at least one drug, or therapeutic compound, through the skin membrane of a patient by way of a drug reservoir or gel for delivery to the systemic blood of a patient in selected, periodic pulsations. The system can be varied to accommodate various types of therapeutic compounds having varied characteristics and purposes. The system includes a current oscillator that applies periodic electrical variations to the system in order to trigger rhythmical variations of the potential and resistance of the skin membrane so as to cause oscillatory electro-osmotic streaming of the liquid with the therapeutic compound across the skin membrane in synchronization with the oscillator to the systemic blood of the patient in response to the rhythmical variations.

Abstract: An electrophoretic/electro-osmotic transdermal drug delivery system for passing at least one drug, or therapeutic compound, through the skin membrane of a patient by way of a drug reservoir or gel for delivery to the systemic blood of a patient in selected, periodic pulsations. The system can be varied to accommodate various types of therapeutic compounds having varied characteristics and purposes. The system includes a current oscillator that applies periodic electrical variations to the system in order to trigger rhythmical variations of the potential and resistance of the skin membrane so as to cause oscillatory electro-osmotic streaming of the liquid with the therapeutic compound across the skin membrane in synchronization with the oscillator to the systemic blood of the patient in response to the rhythmical variations.

Abstract: A transdermal drug applicator (100) for application to a living body for the delivery of at least one drug through the skin (144) into the bloodstream comprising an applicator (100) including at least one drug reservoir (182A,182B) containing the drug for delivering same through the skin (144) by physico/chemical mass transfer. A mounting structure (138, 140) is removably mounted to the body for holding the applicator (100) to the skin (144), with the applicator (100) removably connected to the mounting structure (138,140). A power supply (166) for the applicator (100) and a circuit transmitting electrical power from the power supply (166) to the applicator (100) is disclosed, wherein an electric circuit is created between the applicator (100) and the skin (144).

Abstract: An electrically powered transdermal drug applicator a flexible, non-conductive substrate with a plurality of conductive coated areas forming drug reservoir electrodes with a plurality of drug reservoirs separated by occlusive dams are in electrical contact with the drug reservoir electrodes. Flexible mounting means support and removably holding the drug applicator to a limb of a body and form together therewith a combined dual assembly structure conformable to that part of said body and skin to which the drug applicator is attached. The mounting means has programmable computer means including a power source connected in an electrical circuit with the electrodes of the drug reservoirs for electrically powering the applicator and transmitting the drug programmably through the skin. A conformal cover is secured to said transdermal drug applicator and a release liner covers and protects the drug reservoirs until use.

Abstract: An electro-osmotic transdermal drug delivery system for passing a drug to the systemic blood of a patient through the skin. The delivery system includes a semi-dry drug patch containing a water solute with the drug and a selected level of current delivered to the semi-dry patch. Water from the semi-dry patch is limited in movement from the patch to the skin particularly in lateral movement relative to the skin so that the sweat and sebaceous ducts and glands, which ordinarily are filled with liquid, namely the solute, and act as electrical shunts for osmotic delivery of the drug, are starved of liquid so that the electrical current is diverted to the stratum corneum along with the electro-osmotic movement of the liquid carrying the drug. This result greatly increases the total drug delivery area of the skin.

Abstract: A transdermal application for attachment to the skin having at least one drug reservoir containing at least one drug, and having an electrical connection formed at a surface interface between said reservoir upon contact with said skin; means for causing said at least one drug to move through said interface transdermally and for maintaining said transdermal movement for an extended time period. The means for causing and maintaining transdermal movement including a source of varying electrical potential, said source having one terminal electrically connected to said at least one reservoir at a location away from said skin surface interface and an other terminal in circuit with said skin surface at a location away from said reservoir/skin surface interface.