Abstract: A stress sensing system for measuring stress in a conductive target material includes at least one sensor positioned proximate to the conductive target material. The sensor is configured to measure stress in the conductive target material and to transmit a signal indicative of the measured stress to a controller. The controller is coupled in communication with the sensor. The controller is configured to receive the signal from the sensor, determine a runout portion of the signal corresponding to the runout of the conductive target material, determine a runout pattern waveform from the runout portion, and subtract the runout pattern waveform from the signal.

Abstract: A system for measuring torque on a component having a residually magnetized region is provided. The system includes a torque sensor for sensing an electromagnetic characteristic of the component and transmitting a plurality of signals that are indicative of the electromagnetic characteristic. The system also includes a computer communicatively coupled to the torque sensor for receiving the signals. The computer includes a processor and a memory. The processor is programmed to determine, using the signals, that the torque sensor is affected by the residually magnetized region of the component.

Abstract: Self-testing proximity testing systems and corresponding methods are discussed herein and can include a proximity probe and controller in electrical communication via a cable. A self-testing subsystem can be in communication with the controller and configured to determine whether proximity probes and cables assembled with a controller are compatible or incompatible. The self-testing subsystem can place a known impedance in electrical communication with the controller, modifying a proximity signal output by the controller. When the modified proximity signal differs from a predicted proximity signal by greater than or equal to a threshold amount, the self-testing subsystem can output a first indication indicating that incompatible proximity probes and cables are assembled with a controller.

Abstract: Systems, methods, and devices for positioning, orienting, and/or aligning a stress sensor assembly are provided. In some embodiments, a sensor assembly can be received within a retaining element of a sensor mounting assembly. The sensor mounting assembly can include the retaining element, an adjustment mechanism, a first member, a second member, and a third member. The adjustment mechanism can allow the sensor assembly to be displaced linearly in a proximal and/or distal direction. The first and second members can be pivotally coupled to enable the sensor assembly to be rotated about a first axis, and the second and third members can be pivotally coupled to allow the sensor assembly to be rotated about a second axis.

Abstract: Systems, devices, and methods for determining stress in a conductive target are provided. The systems, devices, and methods facilitate detecting stress in the target using a sensor assembly. Raw stress signals, which can correspond to stress in the target, can be generated by detecting a first magnetic flux that travels through the target. The raw stress signals can be sensitive to a gap between the sensor assembly and the target. A proximity sensor element can be used to determine the size of the gap by generating a magnetic field which can couple with the target. If the size of the gap changes, the coupling can change. By determining an impedance of the proximity sensor element, a corresponding gap signal can be generated. The gap signal can be used to correct the raw stress signals, thereby creating corrected stress signals, which can correspond to values of stress within the target.

Abstract: A pressure compensated sensing system and methods for using the same are provided. The system can include a housing, a seal, an incompressible fluid, and sensing elements. The seal can be positioned within a housing cavity and divide the cavity into two portions. A first cavity portion can be sealed from the fluid environment by the seal and contain the sensing elements and the incompressible fluid. A second cavity portion can be in fluid communication with the fluid environment. The fluid environment can apply an external pressure to the seal that is opposed by an internal pressure of the sealed cavity applied to the seal by the incompressible fluid. When the internal pressure and the external pressure are different, the seal can move in a manner that changes the volume of the sealed cavity by an amount sufficient to equalize the internal pressure with the external pressure.

Abstract: A system includes a monitoring and/or protection system that includes an insulation derivation circuit. The insulation derivation circuit is configured to derive a first temperature compensation curve based on a first temperature and a first current, and the monitoring and/or protection system is configured to communicatively couple to a first current sensor configured to sense the first current traversing a first phase of a stator winding of a motor, a generator, or a combination thereof. The insulation derivation circuit is also configured to communicatively couple to a first temperature sensor configured to sense the first temperature of the stator when the stator is energized, and the temperature compensation curve is configured to map a temperature to a leakage dissipation factor.

Abstract: Systems, devices, and methods for determining stress in a target are provided. The systems, devices, and methods facilitate detecting stress in the target using a sensor assembly. Using a sensor, taw stress signals, which can correspond to stress in the target, can be generated by detecting a magnetic flux that travels through the target. The raw stress signals can be sensitive to a gap between the sensor and the target. A proximity sensor element can be used to determine the size of the gap by generating an electric field between itself and the target. If the size of the gap changes, the strength of the electric field can change. Using a voltage of the proximity sensor element, a corresponding gap signal can be generated. The gap signal can be used to correct the raw stress signals, thereby creating corrected stress signals, which can correspond to stress values within the target.

Abstract: A stress sensing system for measuring stress in a conductive target material includes at least one sensor positioned proximate to the conductive target material. The sensor is configured to measure stress in the conductive target material and to transmit a signal indicative of the measured stress to a controller. The controller is coupled in communication with the sensor. The controller is configured to receive the signal from the sensor, determine a runout portion of the signal corresponding to the runout of the conductive target material, determine a runout pattern waveform from the runout portion, and subtract the runout pattern waveform from the signal.

Abstract: A gap compensated torque sensing system and methods for using the same are provided. The system can include a sensor head in communication with a controller. The sensor head can contain a torque sensor and a proximity sensor coupled to the sensor head. The torque and proximity sensors can each sense magnetic fluxes passing through the target and a gap between the sensor head and the target. The controller can estimate torque applied to the target from magnetic fluxes sensed by the torque sensor. The controller can determine an improved gap measurement that is independent of electromagnetic properties of the target from magnetic fluxes sensed by the torque and proximity sensors. The estimated torque can be modified by the improved gap measurement to compensate for changes in magnetic properties of the target due to variations in the gap. In this manner, the accuracy of the torque measurements can be increased.

Abstract: A temperature compensated torque sensing system and methods for using the same are provided. The system can include a sensor head in electrical communication with a controller. The sensor head can contain a torque sensor including a core, a driving coil and a sensing coil. The sensor head can also include a temperature sensor coupled to the sensor head. The torque sensor can be configured to measure torque applied to a selected portion of a target based upon magnetic flux passing through the target, while the temperature sensor can be configured to concurrently measure the target temperature. The temperature sensor can be positioned for avoiding interference with sensed magnetic flux. The controller can adjust the determined torque using the temperature measurements to compensate for changes in magnetic properties of the target due to variation in target temperature. In this manner, the accuracy of the torque measurements can be increased.

Abstract: A system includes a magnetostrictive sensor. The magnetostrictive sensor includes a driving coil configured to receive a first driving current and to emit a first magnetic flux portion through a target and a second magnetic flux portion. The magnetostrictive sensor also includes a first sensing coil configured to receive the first magnetic flux portion and to transmit a signal based at least in part on the received first magnetic flux portion. The received first magnetic flux portion is based at least in part on a force on the target. The magnetostrictive sensor includes a magnetic shield disposed between the driving coil and the first sensing coil. The magnetic shield is configured to reduce the second magnetic flux portion received by the first sensing coil. The magnetic shield includes a composite with a conductive material and an insulating material, a metamaterial, or a mesh structure, or any combination thereof.

Abstract: A system for measuring torque on a component having a residually magnetized region is provided. The system includes a torque sensor for sensing an electromagnetic characteristic of the component and transmitting a plurality of signals that are indicative of the electromagnetic characteristic. The system also includes a computer communicatively coupled to the torque sensor for receiving the signals. The computer includes a processor and a memory. The processor is programmed to determine, using the signals, that the torque sensor is affected by the residually magnetized region of the component.

Abstract: A gap compensated torque sensing system and methods for using the same are provided. The system can include a magnetostrictive torque sensor and at least one proximity sensor in communication with a controller. The proximity sensor can be substantially rigidly coupled to a sensor head of the torque sensor, either contained within the sensor head or mounted proximate to the sensor head using a bracket or other coupling mechanism. The torque sensor can sense magnetic flux passing through the target and the proximity sensor can measure a gap between itself and the target. The controller can estimate torque applied to the target from magnetic flux sensed by the torque sensor. The estimated torque can be modified by the gap measurement to compensate for changes in magnetic properties of the target due to variations in the gap. In this manner, the accuracy of the torque measurements can be increased.

Abstract: A temperature compensated torque sensing system and methods for using the same are provided. The system can include a sensor head in electrical communication with a controller. The sensor head can contain a torque sensor including a core, a driving coil and a sensing coil. The sensor head can also include a temperature sensor coupled to the sensor head. The torque sensor can be configured to measure torque applied to a selected portion of a target based upon magnetic flux passing through the target, while the temperature sensor can be configured to concurrently measure the target temperature. The temperature sensor can be positioned for avoiding interference with sensed magnetic flux. The controller can adjust the determined torque using the temperature measurements to compensate for changes in magnetic properties of the target due to variation in target temperature. In this manner, the accuracy of the torque measurements can be increased.

Abstract: Systems and methods are disclosed for calibration and compensation of on-line current transformers. In certain embodiments, a method to calibrate a single current transformer by use of an AC injected current is provided. In other embodiments, a method to calibrate and compensate multiple current transformers using a single AC injected current is provided. In further embodiments, a system for calibration and compensation of multiple current transformers is provided. The adequate frequency of the injected current as well as other characteristics for adequate use in some embodiments is provided.

Abstract: Systems, methods, and devices for positioning, orienting, and/or aligning a stress sensor assembly are provided. In some embodiments, a sensor assembly can be received within a retaining element of a sensor mounting assembly. The sensor mounting assembly can include the retaining element, an adjustment mechanism, a first member, a second member, and a third member. The adjustment mechanism can allow the sensor assembly to be displaced linearly in a proximal and/or distal direction. The first and second members can be pivotally coupled to enable the sensor assembly to be rotated about a first axis, and the second and third members can be pivotally coupled to allow the sensor assembly to be rotated about a second axis.

Abstract: A system may include a first sensor and a second sensor. The first sensor may include a driving pole that includes a driving coil that receives a driving current and emits a magnetic flux portion through a structure. The first sensor may also include a sensing pole that may include a sensing coil that receives the magnetic flux portion and generate a first signal based at least in part on the received magnetic flux portion. The first signal is based at least in part on a force on the structure. The second sensor may be disposed on the driving pole and may generate a second signal representative of a distance between the driving pole and the structure. The system may also include a circuit that may adjust the first signal based on the second signal.

Abstract: A gap compensated torque sensing system and methods for using the same are provided. The system can include a sensor head in communication with a controller. The sensor head can contain a torque sensor and a proximity sensor coupled to the sensor head. The torque and proximity sensors can each sense magnetic fluxes passing through the target and a gap between the sensor head and the target. The controller can estimate torque applied to the target from magnetic fluxes sensed by the torque sensor. The controller can determine an improved gap measurement that is independent of electromagnetic properties of the target from magnetic fluxes sensed by the torque and proximity sensors. The estimated torque can be modified by the improved gap measurement to compensate for changes in magnetic properties of the target due to variations in the gap. In this manner, the accuracy of the torque measurements can be increased.

Abstract: A system for measuring torque on a component having a residually magnetized region is provided. The system includes a torque sensor for sensing an electromagnetic characteristic of the component and transmitting a plurality of signals that are indicative of the electromagnetic characteristic. The system also includes a computer communicatively coupled to the torque sensor for receiving the signals. The computer includes a processor and a memory. The processor is programmed to determine, using the signals, that the torque sensor is affected by the residually magnetized region of the component.