Abstract: A constant velocity joint assembly and a method of securing a shaft to the assembly are described. The assembly may have an outer race with a first portion having a plurality of grooves and a second portion that extends from the first portion and is substantially parallel to the shaft. The method of securing the shaft to the assembly includes the step of magnetically pulse welding the shaft to the outer race.

Abstract: A vehicle steering knuckle has an inward contact surface that is attached to a vehicle steer arm that has an outward contact surface, by way of at least one bolt extending through aligned holes in the knuckle and into the steer arm. The bolt connects the knuckle to the steer arm, from a side of the knuckle that is opposite the steer arm. Thereby, the vehicle steering knuckle and vehicle steer arm come in contact with each other at the contact surfaces by tightening the bolt. The steer arm may have a ball bearing, dowel pin, protrusions, or cut-out extending into or out of the vehicle steering knuckle or vehicle steer arm at the contact surfaces.

Abstract: A method of welding two workpieces together is described. A conductor in electrical communication with a pulse circuit is provided. A portion of the second workpiece is located adjacent the conductor. The two workpieces are also located together. A portion, or all, of one workpiece is welded to the other by applying a pulse current to one of the workpieces. A method of forming a workpiece is disclosed using a pulse current to move the workpiece into a desired shape.