Abstract: Disclosed is a method comprising receiving, from a terminal device, a report indicating capability of the terminal device to detect radio parameters, wherein the report comprises at least one of the following: a first set of radio parameters, a second set of radio parameters and a third set of radio parameters, and wherein the terminal device is capable to determine first set of radio parameters in a complete manner, determine the second set of radio parameters in the complete manner when at least one of the following assistance information, a first configuration or an indication related to the radio parameters is available, and determine the third set of radio parameters in the complete manner when a second configuration related to detecting the radio parameters is available at least during an initial configuration for receiving the downlink channel transmission or for a pre-determined time period, and the third set of radio parameters follow, at least substantially, the behavior of the first and the second

Abstract: Examples of the disclosure relate to receiver apparatus and corresponding transmitter apparatus that can be configured in different operational states at different times. An example receiver apparatus comprises a plurality of downconverting means for downconverting separate antenna signals, one or more analog to digital converters, and one or more multiplexing means configurable in at least a first configuration and a second configuration. When the multiplexing means is configured in the first configuration the plurality of downconverting means and the one or more analog to digital converters are configured to enable separate antenna signals to be combined to provide hybrid beamforming or analog beamforming. The hybrid beamforming or analog beamforming can be provided across the bandwidth of the apparatus.

Abstract: Disclosed is a method including identifying a service availability requirement and a survival time requirement for a terminal device, estimating a reliability level of a feedback channel associated with the terminal device based at least partly on a link quality and one or more physical control channel attributes associated with the terminal device, and determining a first target block error rate value for a first operation mode of the terminal device and a second target block error rate value for a second operation mode of the terminal device based at least partly on the service availability requirement, the survival time requirement, and the estimated reliability level of the feedback channel.

Abstract: According to an example aspect of the present invention, there is provided an apparatus comprising at least one processing core and at least one memory storing instructions that, when executed by the at least one processing core, cause the apparatus at least to transmit in uplink or sidelink, or receive in downlink, using orthogonal frequency-division multiplexing, via a physical shared channel in a system comprising resource block groups, each resource block group comprising two or more resource blocks, each resource block comprising plural subcarriers which are consecutive to each other in frequency, and process an allocation of resources for the physical shared channel, the allocation received from a network node, the allocation defining that the apparatus may use a part of, but not all, subcarriers of each one of one or more resource blocks for communication via the physical shared channel.

Abstract: As solution for selection of power control parameters is presented. The solution comprises determining, from a given set of radio access network parameters, a selection of radio access network parameters which have an effect on uplink power control, and training a neural network to determine uplink power control parameters, utilising as an input the selection of radio access network parameter, and utilising the trained neural network, with as an input the selection of radio access network parameters, obtain as an output a set of initial uplink power control parameters.

Abstract: According to an example embodiment, a radio receiver is configured to: obtain a data array including a plurality of elements, wherein each element in the plurality of elements in the data array corresponds to a sub-carrier in a plurality of subcarriers, to a timeslot in a time interval, and to an antenna stream; implement a machine learning model including at least one neural network and a transformation, wherein the transformation includes at least one multiplicative layer or equalisation; and input data into the machine learning model, wherein the data includes at least the data array; wherein the machine learning model is configured to, based on the data, output an output array representing values of the plurality of elements in the data array, wherein the values include bits or symbols. A radio receiver, a method and a computer program product are disclosed.

Abstract: According to an example embodiment, a radio receiver includes at least one processor and at least one memory including computer program code. The at least one memory and the computer program code may be configured to, with the at least one processor, cause the radio receiver to: obtain a data array including a plurality of elements, wherein each element in the plurality of elements in the data array corresponds to a subcarrier in a plurality of subcarriers and to a timeslot in a time interval; obtain a reference signal array representing a reference signal configuration applied during the time interval; implement a neural network; input data into the neural network, wherein the data includes at least the data array and the reference signal array. A radio receiver, a method and a computer program product are disclosed.

Abstract: As solution for selection of power control parameters is presented. The solution comprises determining, from a given set of radio access network parameters, a selection of radio access network parameters which have an effect on uplink power control, and training a neural network to determine uplink power control parameters, utilising as an input the selection of radio access network parameter, and utilising the trained neural network, with as an input the selection of radio access network parameters, obtain as an output a set of initial uplink power control parameters.

Abstract: In some examples, a node for a telecommunication network includes a neural-network-based receiver for uplink communications. The node is configured to modify the neural-network-based receiver to generate a set of modified receiver frameworks defining respective different versions for the receiver, using each of the modified receiver frameworks, generate respective measures representing bits encoded by a signal received at the node, calculate a value representing a variance of the measures, and on the basis of the value, determine whether to select the signal received at the node for use as part of a training set of data for the neural-network-based receiver.

Abstract: There is disclosed an apparatus. The apparatus comprises means for performing: in response to detecting a jamming signal, obtaining a sample waveform of the jamming signal; and sending information of the jamming signal to another apparatus.

Abstract: As solution for selection of power control parameters is presented. The solution comprises determining, from a given set of radio access network parameters, a selection of radio access network parameters which have an effect on uplink power control, and training a neural network to determine uplink power control parameters, utilising as an input the selection of radio access network parameter, and utilising the trained neural network, with as an input the selection of radio access network parameters, obtain as an output a set of initial uplink power control parameters.

Abstract: Examples of the disclosure relate to receiver apparatus and corresponding transmitter apparatus that can be configured in different operational states at different times. An example receiver apparatus comprises a plurality of downconverting means for downconverting separate antenna signals, one or more analog to digital converters, and one or more multiplexing means configurable in at least a first configuration and a second configuration. When the multiplexing means is configured in the first configuration the plurality of downconverting means and the one or more analog to digital converters are configured to enable separate antenna signals to be combined to provide hybrid beamforming or analog beamforming. The hybrid beamforming or analog beamforming can be provided across the bandwidth of the apparatus.

Abstract: An apparatus and method for selecting a plurality of terminal devices for uplink and downlink transmissions are described. A first terminal device is selected from a first group of terminal devices. A reinforcement learning agent is used for selecting the first terminal device based at least on data rates of the terminal devices of the first group and data rates of the terminal devices of a second group. The selected first terminal device is transferred from the first group of terminal devices to the second group of terminal devices. One group of terminal devices is scheduled for downlink transmission and the other group of terminal devices is scheduled for uplink transmission.

Abstract: Systems, methods, apparatuses, and computer program products for detecting mismatch in digital twin data. One method may include receiving, by a radio network control system, at least one of reliability and latency constraint communication related values from one or more sources with geolocation information. The method may further include comparing the at least one of received reliability and latency constraint communication related values to one or more threshold values of the one or more sources to determine presence of a mismatch. The method may also include sending one or more indications of the comparison of the at least one of reliability and latency constraint communication related values and the one or more threshold values to a system element for determining a need for one or more actions.

Abstract: An apparatus is disclosed, the apparatus comprising a means for receiving selection of a relay system associated with a base station (10) of a communications network, the relay system comprising a first antenna (15) for substantially fixed orientation towards an antenna (12) of the base station and a second antenna (16) which is mechanically movable about one or more axes responsive to the control data to provide one of a range of possible orientations. The apparatus may also comprise a means for sending control data to the selected relay system for controlling the orientation of the second antenna, the control data comprising at least positioning instructions received from a node of the communications network for causing positioning of the second antenna to a particular orientation associated with a mobile target object (19).

Abstract: Disclosed is a method comprising providing a first resource grid as input to a first machine learning algorithm, obtaining a second resource grid as output from the first machine learning algorithm, and transmitting a signal comprising the second resource grid by using orthogonal frequency-division multiplexing modulation.

Abstract: Disclosed is a method comprising providing a first resource grid as input to a first machine learning algorithm, obtaining a second resource grid as output from the first machine learning algorithm, and transmitting a signal comprising the second resource grid by using orthogonal frequency-division multiplexing modulation.

Abstract: Disclosed is a method comprising obtaining information indicating at least a mode of a plurality of terminal devices, and allocating a set of radio resources to the plurality of terminal devices based at least partly on the mode of the plurality of terminal devices.

Abstract: This document discloses a solution for performing anti-jamming procedures. According to an aspect, a method for a terminal device comprises: receiving a first reference signal allocation from an access node, wherein the first reference signal is unique to the terminal device in a cell managed by the access node; receiving a second reference signal allocation from the access node, wherein the second reference signal is shared with at least one other terminal device in the cell; causing transmission of payload data together with the first reference signal according to a regular transmission pattern; and breaking the regular transmission pattern by transmitting dummy data together with the second reference signal in a time-frequency resource shared with the at least one other terminal device.

Abstract: This document discloses a solution for performing anti-jamming procedures. According to an aspect, a method for a terminal device comprises: receiving a first reference signal allocation from an access node, wherein the first reference signal is unique to the terminal device in a cell managed by the access node; receiving a second reference signal allocation from the access node, wherein the second reference signal is shared with at least one other terminal device in the cell; causing transmission of payload data together with the first reference signal according to a regular transmission pattern; and breaking the regular transmission pattern by transmitting dummy data together with the second reference signal in a time-frequency resource shared with the at least one other terminal device.