Abstract: A spectroscopic sensor for measuring flat sheet product is disclosed. The disclosed sensor uses a combination of spectrometers and single-channel detectors and filters together with a broadband source of illumination to optimally measure multiple properties of a flat sheet product. A spectrometer is used to measure over a spectral range where an easily configurable set of wavelength channels is needed and where the signal-to-noise ratios and spectral resolutions of the channels are consistent with the spectral range and number of pixels of the spectrometer; while one or more single channel detector and filter combinations are used to measure, with high signal-to-noise ratio, at specific wavelengths within or outside the spectral range of the spectrometer(s).

Abstract: A spectroscopic sensor for measuring flat sheet product is disclosed. The disclosed sensor uses a combination of spectrometers and single-channel detectors and filters together with a broadband source of illumination to optimally measure multiple properties of a flat sheet product. A spectrometer is used to measure over a spectral range where an easily configurable set of wavelength channels is needed and where the signal-to-noise ratios and spectral resolutions of the channels are consistent with the spectral range and number of pixels of the spectrometer; while one or more single channel detector and filter combinations are used to measure, with high signal-to-noise ratio, at specific wavelengths within or outside the spectral range of the spectrometer(s).

Abstract: Disclosed is an apparatus for measuring on-line the color and color-related properties of a moving sheet. Contrast ratio reflectance measurements are made for providing opacity corrections substantially in real time for a full color spectrum. An optical color sensor in accordance with the invention includes a pair of synchronized spectrometers, the first spectrometer being aligned to view a region of the sheet backed with a highly reflective ("white") material and the second spectrometer being aligned to view a region of the sheet backed with a highly absorptive ("black") material. The use of two spectrometers permits substantially simultaneous "black" and "white" measurements for a full color spectrum. The optical color sensing system further includes two light sources, a flashlamp and a continuously energized tungsten filament lamp. Light beams from the two sources are combined to form a sheet-illuminating third beam approximating the D65 standard source.

Abstract: Disclosed is an apparatus for measuring on-line the color and color-related properties of a moving sheet. Contrast ratio reflectance measurements are made for providing opacity corrections substantially in real time for a full color spectrum. An optical color sensor in accordance with the invention includes a pair of synchronized spectrometers, the first spectrometer being aligned to view a region of the sheet backed with a highly reflective ("white") material and the second spectrometer being aligned to view a region of the sheet backed with a highly absorptive ("black") material. The use of two spectrometers permits substantially simultaneous "black" and "white" measurements for a full color spectrum. The optical color sensing system further includes two light sources, a flashlamp and a continuously energized tungsten filament lamp. The color sensor further includes a sheet backing system including a rotatable standard wheel carrying a white standard tile.

Abstract: A system for detecting optically-sensitive properties of sheet materials during manufacture includes a first group of bundles of optical fibers that convey light to selected transmitting locations adjacent one face of the sheet material. The system further includes a second group of bundles of optical fibers that collect and convey light transmitted through the sheet material to a light detector. The light detector measures the intensity of light received from each of the bundles of the second group to provide measurements of optically-sensitive properties of the sheet material at selected cross-directional locations.

Abstract: A gas measuring device has a source capable of emitting a beam of radiation aligned to impinge a detector. A housing means encloses the beam. The housing means has a plurality of apertures permitting the gas to enter the housing means, to intercept the beam, and to exit from the housing means. The device further comprises means to control the amount of thermal radiation reaching the detector.