Abstract: The disclosed non-fouling, antimicrobial catheters release a therapeutically effective amount of silver ions in response to an electrical current to prevent, inhibit, or reduce bacteria or fungi from passing through the catheter into the body of a subject, for example passing through the urethra and into the bladder via the gap between the external surface of the catheter and the urethral wall. The release of silver ions in response to the electrical current also inhibits, reduces, or prevents microbes from passing through the catheter into the subject via the internal features of the catheter. The release of silver ions also reduces, inhibits or prevents microbes from colonizing and developing a fibrous matrix on the exterior surface of the catheter (also known as biofilm). Microbes on the catheter or in the tissue of a subject in contact with the catheter are killed by the ionic silver.